MO 13-2 Flashcards

Question

simultaneously/ˌsaɪmlˈteɪniəsli/

Answer 1

"I'm Vulcan, sir. We embrace technicality." - "You're giving me attitude, Spock?" - "I’m expressing multiple attitudes simultaneously, sir. To which are you referring?" simultaneous: happening or done at the same time as something else

Answer 2

You have any idea what a pain in the ass(neck) you are? (informal) a person or thing that is very annoying

Answer 3

So, tell me what you did wrong. What's the lesson to be learned here? (used after verbs) in a way that produces a result that is not correct or that you do not want [SYN] right

Answer 4

4. You think the rules don’t apply to you 'cause you disagree with them. R137) Another researcher, Leslie Zebrowitz of Brandeis University, noticed that the looks-smarts relationship applies only to the ugly side of the spectrum. It's not that beautiful people are especially smart, she says, so much as that ugly people are especially dumb. (여기서 so much as 중요. 사전에선 못 찾겠는데 설명은 못생긴 사람이 멍청한 것만큼 예쁜 사람이 똑똑하진 않다는 의미로 so much as.) 2. R130) Perhaps China has also been applying pressure. It has propped up the Kims, if only to protect the buffer state that separates it from the American troops garrisoned in South Korea. 4. [intransitive, transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses) to concern or relate to somebody/something 2. [transitive] to use something or make something work in a particular situation M2. [transitive] to use a particular method, process, law etc

Answer 5

9DD2) You think the rules don’t apply to you 'cause you disagree with them. to believe that something is bad or wrong; to disapprove of something

Answer 6

in the first place: "You lied. You think that rules don’t apply to you cause you disagree with them." - "That’s why you talked me into signing up in the first place. That’s why you gave me your ship." in the first, second, etc. place: I wouldn’t have risked my first officer’s life in the first place! You were supposed to survey a planet, not alter its destiny. in the first place: used at the end of a sentence to talk about why something was done or whether it should have been done or not in the first, second, etc. place: used at the beginning of a sentence to introduce the different points you are making in an argument

Answer 7

I gave you my ship, because I saw greatness in you. And now I see you haven’t got an ounce of humility. [singular] ounce of something (informal) (used especially with negatives) a very small quantity of something

Answer 8

I gave you my ship, because I saw greatness in you. And now I see you haven’t got an ounce of humility. [uncountable] the quality of not thinking that you are better than other people; the quality of being humble

Answer 9

I wouldn’t have risked my first officer’s life in the first place! You were supposed to survey a planet, not alter its destiny. 1. risk something to put something valuable or important in a dangerous situation, in which it could be lost or damaged

Answer 10

I wouldn’t have risked my first officer’s life in the first place! You were supposed to survey a planet, not alter its destiny. R129) All this is altering the country in irreversible ways—and one of these days will threaten the regime's survival (see article). 1. [intransitive, transitive] to become different; to make somebody/something different

Answer 11

You violated a dozen Starfleet regulations and almost got everyone under your command killed. [uncountable] control and authority over a situation or a group of people

Answer 12

"You violated a dozen Starfleet regulations and almost got everyone under your command killed." - "Except I didn’t!" O. except (that)… used before you mention something that makes a statement not completely true [SYN] apart from the fact that

Answer 13

You think you’re infallible, you think you can’t make a mistake. It’s a pattern with you! never wrong; never making mistakes [OPP] fallible

Answer 14

You think you’re infallible, you think you can’t make a mistake. It’s a pattern with you! R136) Remarkably, however, a powerful trend toward abandoning corporal punishment is already under way. There has been a dramatic reduction in its use over the past two generations—an unprecedented change in a pattern that likely had been fixed for millennia. 1. the regular way in which something happens or is done

Answer 15

And what’s worse is you're using blind luck to justify you’re playing God. (무모한 운에만 의존하고 있다.) 5. [usually before noun] (of a situation or an event) that cannot be controlled by reason

Answer 16

And what’s worse is you're using blind luck to justify you’re playing God. (사전 용례랑은 좀 다르게 쓰였긴 함.) R134) The idea that the state should subsidise giving to good causes is resilient, but not easily justified R141) Look, I am in a culture that constantly justifies the means to an end. So how do we persuade people not to take it? (두 정의 비슷해서…걍 따로 표시 안 함) 1. to show that somebody/something is right or reasonable 2. justify something/yourself (to somebody)| justify (somebody/something) doing something to give an explanation or excuse for something or for doing something [SYN] defend

Answer 17

And what’s worse is you're using blind luck to justify you’re playing God. R129) The whole country was his movie set, where he could play God and have the people revere him (see our obituary). to behave as if you control events or other people's lives

Answer 18

He convened a special tribunal to which I was not invited. (formal) [transitive] convene something to arrange for people to come together for a formal meeting

Answer 19

He convened a special tribunal to which I was not invited. [countable + singular or plural verb] a type of court with the authority to deal with a particular problem or disagreement

Answer 20

You don’t comply with the rules. You don’t take responsibility for anything and you don’t respect the chair. You know why? Because you’re not ready for it. the chair [singular] the position of being in charge of a meeting or committee; the person who holds this position

Answer 21

The effects of "screen time" on childhood obesity.(소제목) 스크린 보는 시간

Answer 22

Talk about a disparity between theory and practice. (theory와 practice의 차이가 얼마나 큰지, 말도 마세요.) (informal) used to emphasize something

Answer 23

Talk about a disparity between theory and practice. KE1115) Income disparity and the resulting polarization are two defining features of modern capitalism. [uncountable, countable] (formal) a difference, especially one connected with unfair treatment

Answer 24

The American Academy of Pediatrics tells parents that children’s total entertainment media time should not exceed two hours daily. R125) A more efficient way to reduce pediatric obesity would fixate less on the number of calories going out, and more on the number going in. R136) According to well-designed surveys, 70 percent of family physicians and 60 percent of pediatricians think “striking of the child’s buttocks or hand with an open hand … leaving no mark except transient redness” is fine. pediatrics: [uncountable] the branch of medicine concerned with children and their diseases pediatrician: a doctor who studies and treats the diseases of children

Answer 25

These activities, collectively called “screen time,” are widely blamed for the tripling of obesity rates in children since the 1980s. M. together, as a group

Answer 26

These activities, collectively called “screen time,” are widely blamed for the tripling of obesity rates in children since the 1980s. by a lot of people; in or to many places

Answer 27

These activities, collectively called “screen time,” are widely blamed for the tripling of obesity rates in children since the 1980s. [intransitive, transitive] triple (something) to become, or to make something, three times as much or as many

Answer 28

Zoning out in front of a television or video game monitor for hours doesn’t seem healthy, but no one yet has found any causal link between time spent lolling on a couch and childhood obesity. M. to stop paying attention and just look in front of you without thinking, especially because you are tired, bored, or have taken drugs

Answer 29

Zoning out in front of a television or video game monitor for hours doesn’t seem healthy, but no one yet has found any causal link between time spent lolling on a couch and childhood obesity. R125) There is indeed a well-known correlation between obesity and hours spent in front of a video screen, but the fact of that linkage doesn’t tell us anything about causality. (formal) connected with the relationship between two things, where one causes the other to happen causality: [uncountable] (formal) the relationship between something that happens and the reason for it happening; the principle that nothing can happen without a cause

Answer 30

Zoning out in front of a television or video game monitor for hours doesn’t seem healthy, but no one yet has found any causal link between time spent lolling on a couch and childhood obesity. link (between A and B) a connection between two or more people or things

Answer 31

Zoning out in front of a television or video game monitor for hours doesn’t seem healthy, but no one yet has found any causal link between time spent lolling on a couch and childhood obesity. (빈둥빈둥 시간보내는 것) intransitive] + adverb/preposition to lie, sit or stand in a lazy, relaxed way

Answer 32

In February, for example, researchers in Texas reported their findings on whether it would help kids lose weight to have their regular video games replaced with a more active alternative such as the Nintendo Wii console. [usually plural] information that is discovered as the result of research into something

Answer 33

In their study, 84 children received Wii consoles and one half of those got a collection of exercise-oriented games like Wii Sports and EA Active, which ask players to move their arms and legs or jump around to control the action. R141) It’s a complicated dependency. I mean I never took Adderall to get high, never took it in a way that was not academically oriented; and I think there’s a distinction between dependency and addiction, taking something for a purpose or for a rush. M. mainly concerned with, or directed towards, a particular group, activity, or situation O. orient: [usually passive] orient somebody/something (to/towards somebody/something) to direct somebody/something towards something; to make or adapt somebody/something for a particular purpose

Answer 34

The other half of the kids got “inactive” games like Madden NFL, which can be played from a seated position with minimal full-body movements. very small in size or amount; as small as possible

Answer 35

The results of the comparison were disappointing. After three months, “there was no evidence that children receiving the active video games were more active in general or at any time,” the authors wrote. [uncountable] comparison (with somebody/something) the process of comparing two or more people or things

Answer 36

(The year before, a similar study in New Zealand had shown only minor improvement with active games; kids weighed just a pound less after six months of "exergaming".) [usually before noun] not very large, important or serious

Answer 37

Such studies are complicated by the fact that even regular video games—the ones so often blamed for the present rates of childhood obesity—may not be as passive as you think. complicate something to make something more difficult to do, understand or deal with

Answer 38

A decade ago, a physiologist named Arlette Perry at the University of Miami worried that her 10-year-old son Thomas was spending a lot of time with a controller in his hand. 1. [uncountable] the scientific study of the normal functions of living things

Answer 39

To measure the effects of chronic gaming, she studied her son and 20 other children as they played Tekken 3 on a Sony PlayStation in her lab. O1. (especially of a disease) lasting for a long time; difficult to cure or get rid of [OPP] acute M3. [usually before noun] doing something again and again, especially something harmful that you are unable or unwilling to stop doing

Answer 40

She found that the fighting game increased the kids’ heart rates and blood pressure to the same extent as walking at 3 miles per hour. [singular, uncountable] how large, important, serious, etc. something is

Answer 41

L3. Children burned roughly twice as many calories playing Tekken 3 as they did sitting in one place, which translates to an extra 40 to 80 calories burned every hour. L2. L59) Unfortunately, doctors note, even modest weight gains can loom large for women: a gain of 3.8 kg, for instance, can translate into a different dress size; for men it may mean only letting the belt out a notch. (L3을 넣어도 해석이 이상하진 않지만 L2가 더 어울리는 듯. 3.8 kg이 찌면 드레스 사이즈가 바뀌게 된다. 이렇게.) L3. [intransitive and transitive] to mean the same as something else L2. [intransitive and transitive] if one thing translates into another, the second thing happens as a result of the first

Answer 42

Children burned roughly twice as many calories playing Tekken 3 as they did sitting in one place, which translates to an extra 40 to 80 calories burned every hour. In other words, this traditional, “passive” video game was itself providing children with a form of exercise. O. used to introduce an explanation of something M. used for introducing another way of saying or explaining something, especially a more simple way

Answer 43

We’ve known for a long time that attempts to reduce television-watching among children have a limited effect on their body weight. 1. not very great in amount or extent

Answer 44

For a 1999 paper in the Journal of the American Medical Association, researchers gave a group of third- and fourth-graders in California regular lessons on the dangers of excessive television. greater than what seems reasonable or appropriate

Answer 45

Their parents were asked to enforce time budgets (using a device to limit total screen time) and participate in television turnoffs lasting 10 days, among other projects. 시간을 예산처럼 쓴다는 의미. 몇 시간은 뭐 시키고 몇 시간은 뭐 시키고 이런 거.

Answer 46

This very involved, two-month intervention halved television watching among participants. [intransitive, transitive] to reduce by a half; to make something reduce by a half

Answer 47

This very involved, two-month intervention halved television watching among participants. participant (in something) a person who is taking part in an activity or event

Answer 48

The drastic reduction in television-watching made for only a very modest difference: Weight gains in the experimental group were reduced by an average of only one pound. extreme in a way that has a sudden, serious or violent effect on something

Answer 49

The drastic reduction in television-watching made for only a very modest difference: Weight gains in the experimental group were reduced by an average of only one pound. O2. to help to make something possible L2. [not in progressive] to cause a particular result or situation (contribute to랑 사실상 같은 의미)

Answer 50

The drastic reduction in television-watching made for only a very modest difference: Weight gains in the experimental group were reduced by an average of only one pound. R134) William Gladstone failed in this attempt to end the exemption of charities from income tax in 1863. He would not have been surprised when his successor, George Osborne, last week backed down on a more modest attempt towards the same ends. 1. not very large, expensive, important, etc

Answer 51

It’s also not necessarily the case that increasing screen time will lead a child to gain weight: Between 1999 and 2010, screen time among kids jumped by more than two hours per day, according to the Kaiser Family Foundation. Yet childhood obesity rates remained relatively stable over the same period. L133) First, NPR’s Yuki Noguchi tells us why airlines are doing well, and why that’s not necessarily great news for consumers. used to say that something is possibly true but not definitely or always true

Answer 52

stable: 1. It’s also not necessarily the case that increasing screen time will lead a child to gain weight: Between 1999 and 2010, screen time among kids jumped by more than two hours per day, according to the Kaiser Family Foundation. Yet childhood obesity rates remained relatively stable over the same period. R130) Kim Jong Un appears to want stable foreign relations as he consolidates power. 2. R138) The American social fabric is now so depleted that even if manufacturing jobs miraculously came back we still would not be producing enough stable, skilled workers to fill them. stability: R128) Its strategy for stability, Mr Bequelin points out, is “to nip protests in the bud”. Video surveillance seems the ideal tool. stable: 1. firmly fixed; not likely to move, change or fail [SYN] steady 2. (of a person) calm and reasonable; not easily upset [SYN] balanced M3. with a healthy mental and emotional state stability: [uncountable] the quality or state of being steady and not changing or being disturbed in any way (= the quality of being stable)

Answer 53

Taken together, the data above suggest that public health efforts to cut or reallocate screen time won’t have a huge impact on childhood obesity. 모든 걸 종합해볼 때. 결론적으로. 비슷한 단어들 all in all: M. (mainly spoken) used for showing that you are considering every aspect of something in short: M. used for introducing a summary of something that you have just said

Answer 54

Taken together, the data above suggest that public health efforts to cut or reallocate screen time won’t have a huge impact on childhood obesity. O. reallocate something (to somebody/something) to change the way money or materials are shared between different people, groups, projects, etc. [SYN] redistribute M. to decide officially that something will be used for a different purpose

Answer 55

Taken together, the data above suggest that public health efforts to cut or reallocate screen time won’t have a huge impact on childhood obesity. impact (of something) (on somebody/something) the powerful effect that something has on somebody/something

Answer 56

2. There is indeed a well-known correlation between obesity and hours spent in front of a video screen, but the fact of that linkage doesn’t tell us anything about causality. 1. R4) A well-known English college, Eton, developed a set of rules in 1815 2. (of a fact) generally known and accepted 1. known about by a lot of people [SYN] famous

Answer 57

There is indeed a well-known correlation between obesity and hours spent in front of a video screen, but the fact of that linkage doesn’t tell us anything about causality. [uncountable, countable] linkage (between A and B) the act of linking things; a link or system of links [SYN] connection

Answer 58

2. Does watching television make kids fat, or do fat kids just happen to watch a lot of television? The accumulating work in this area suggests the latter. 1. R130) If this deal slows the rate at which the North accumulates a nuclear arsenal, then it will have been worth something. 2. [intransitive] to gradually increase in number or quantity over a period of time [SYN] build up 1. [transitive] accumulate something to gradually get more and more of something over a period of time [SYN] amass

Answer 59

In short, whatever calories a kid might burn off playing Dance Dance Revolution or turning off the TV to go for a walk are small potatoes. used for introducing a summary of something that you have just said

Answer 60

2. In short, whatever calories a kid might burn off playing Dance Dance Revolution or turning off the TV to go for a walk are small potatoes. R129) Their dilemma is that whatever they do, North Korea will eventually collapse. 7N3) They say they market responsibly, and point out the teenage drinking is at an all-time low and there's no evidence that specific products play any role in binge drinking. Still, researchers say for whatever the reason, teenage girls are now more likely to choose hard alcohol than beer. (이유가 무엇이건 간에.) R6) Whatever the reason for our like or dislike, snakes are a vital part of the circle of life. 2. used when you are saying that it does not matter what somebody does or what happens, because the result will be the same

Answer 61

In short, whatever calories a kid might burn off playing Dance Dance Revolution or turning off the TV to go for a walk are small potatoes. Even an adult will only burn off a few hundred calories by working out intensely for half an hour—a benefit that’s wiped out by a single bag of chips or a scoop of ice cream. to use energy by doing exercise

Answer 62

In short, whatever calories a kid might burn off playing Dance Dance Revolution or turning off the TV to go for a walk are small potatoes. [uncountable] (informal) a person or thing that has no great importance or value, especially when compared with someone or something else

Answer 63

Even an adult will only burn off a few hundred calories by working out intensely for half an hour—a benefit that’s wiped out by a single bag of chips or a scoop of ice cream. intense: 2. serious and often involving a lot of action in a short period of time

Answer 64

Even an adult will only burn off a few hundred calories by working out intensely for half an hour—a benefit that’s wiped out by a single bag of chips or a scoop of ice cream. That might be why taking up dozens of classroom hours in an effort to reduce screen time, or paying to outfit homes with active video games, yield such a small return on investment. M2. to fill a particular amount of space or time

Answer 65

Even an adult will only burn off a few hundred calories by working out intensely for half an hour—a benefit that’s wiped out by a single bag of chips or a scoop of ice cream. That might be why taking up dozens of classroom hours in an effort to reduce screen time, or paying to outfit homes with active video games, yield such a small return on investment. [often passive] to provide someone or something with equipment or clothes for a special purpose [SYN] equip

Answer 66

V. Even an adult will only burn off a few hundred calories by working out intensely for half an hour—a benefit that’s wiped out by a single bag of chips or a scoop of ice cream. That might be why taking up dozens of classroom hours in an effort to reduce screen time, or paying to outfit homes with active video games, yield such a small return on investment. N. R132) And because foreigners tend to put their U.S. investments into safe, low-yield assets, America actually earns more from its assets abroad than it pays to foreign investors. T) bond yield: 채권 수익률 R133) But when Cisco, a technology giant, was briefly worth more than $500 billion in 2000, its price-earnings ratio was above 100; Apple trades on only 22 times its 2011 profits. Its new dividend yield will be almost as generous as that of the overall market. V. [transitive] yield something to produce or provide something, for example a profit, result or crop N. [countable, uncountable] the total amount of crops, profits, etc. that are produced

Answer 67

Even an adult will only burn off a few hundred calories by working out intensely for half an hour—a benefit that’s wiped out by a single bag of chips or a scoop of ice cream. That might be why taking up dozens of classroom hours in an effort to reduce screen time, or paying to outfit homes with active video games, yield such a small return on investment. R131) As the Bank of England’s director for financial stability recently put it, seemingly high returns before the crisis simply reflected increased risk-taking — risk that was mostly borne not by the wheeler-dealers themselves but either by naïve investors or by taxpayers, who ended up holding the bag when it all went wrong. return: 5. [uncountable, countable] the amount of profit that you get from something [SYN] earnings, yield return on investment: 투자수익률. 주식 용어임.

Answer 68

That doesn’t mean someone can’t exercise his or her way from obesity to thinness, but the bar is very high. T) He climbed his way up the social ladder to become the CEO in 5 short years. L135) For lots of people, it’s a form of escapism. It’s a way to sort of dream your way out of your current reality. (꿈으로 현재 내 현실에서 벗어나보려는 노력이다.) ~_~ 정의가 딱히 없네.

Answer 69

9. That doesn’t mean someone can’t exercise his or her way from obesity to thinness, but the bar is very high. 5. R8) Back in Room 144, whenever it was time for music, I would see Felix tapping his little claws against the bars of the cage. 9. [countable, usually singular] bar (to something) a thing that stops somebody from doing something 5. [countable] a long straight piece of metal or wood.Bars are often used to stop somebody from getting through a space

Answer 70

A more efficient way to reduce pediatric obesity would fixate less on the number of calories going out, and more on the number going in. C. [VERB] [tr; usually passive, informal] to obsess or preoccupy (초점을 맞춘다.)

Answer 71

All these expenses add up to more than a million won for these Korean parents priming their kids for college in the U.S. L1. [uncountable and countable] the amount of money that you spend on something

Answer 72

All these expenses add up to more than a million won for these Korean parents priming their kids for college in the U.S. to prepare somebody for a situation so that they know what to do, especially by giving them special information [SYN] brief (pump priming: 마중물 주기. 뭔가 나오도록 하려고 준비시켜주는 느낌.)

Answer 73

Some even go to the trouble of trying to find a spot for their kid in a private high school known for its reputation for sending many children to prestigious universities. trouble: M3. [uncountable] additional or special effort that causes you problems or difficulties (힘든데 굳이, 그걸 무릅쓰고 그렇게 까지 한다.)

Answer 74

The prohibitively high price tag isn’t enough to deter dozens of students from heading to America every day. prohibitive: (of a price or a cost) so high that it prevents people from buying something or doing something [SYN] exorbitant

Answer 75

The prohibitively high price tag isn’t enough to deter dozens of students from heading to America every day. M2. [countable] informal the cost of something very big and expensive

Answer 76

The prohibitively high price tag isn’t enough to deter dozens of students from heading to America every day. [transitive, intransitive] deter (somebody) (from something/from doing something) to make somebody decide not to do something or continue doing something, especially by making them understand the difficulties and unpleasant results of their actions

Answer 77

So, if they think their long journey will spare them from expensive private tutoring fees here, they’re dead wrong. T) His help spared me a lot of extra time. 2. to save somebody/yourself from having to go through an unpleasant experience (뭘 해야 되는데, 뭘 하지 않아도 되도록 한다는 의미로.)

Answer 78

So, if they think their long journey will spare them from expensive private tutoring fees here, they’re dead wrong. L133) Airlines run on extremely tight profit margins of about 3%. Herbst says higher margins might even mean the companies start investing in customer service again. But before you get too excited about what that means, it likely won’t mean fewer fees or cheaper fares. (여기서 fee는 항공료에 더 붙는 추가요금 말하는 것. tax, luggage, blankets 등등) an amount of money that you pay for professional advice or services

Answer 79

So, if they think their long journey will spare them from expensive private tutoring fees here, they’re dead wrong. [intransitive] completely; exactly

Answer 80

Online advertisers are being pressured by regulators in both the U.S and Europe to accept a new web browser option called do-not-track. a person or company that advertises

Answer 81

Online advertisers are being pressured by regulators in both the U.S and Europe to accept a new web browser option called do-not-track. a person or an organization that officially controls an area of business or industry and makes sure that it is operating fairly

Answer 82

Some browsers already come with a do-not-track button - Internet Explorer, Safari, Firefox - and other browsers are expected to add the option soon. But more important, he says, the industry’s opt-out rules come with some broad exceptions. T) Today's smart phones come with a decent camera embedded in it. to be provided together with something

Answer 83

T) Today's smart phones come with a decent camera embedded in it. M2. to make something a fixed and important part of something else

Answer 84

Mayer is a Stanford grad student specializing in computer science and law and he’s helped to popularize the idea. [intransitive] specialize (in something) to become an expert in a particular area of work, study or business; to spend more time on one area of work, etc. than on others

Answer 85

Mayer is a Stanford grad student specializing in computer science and law and he’s helped to popularize the idea. 1. popularize somebody/something to make a lot of people know about something and enjoy it

Answer 86

There’s a coalition of online advertising companies that has promised to begin listening for that signal, including some of the largest players in online advertising, Google and Yahoo, but it’s not quite clear yet what’s going to mean for them to listen to that signal. R126) Two mighty coalitions have formed around SOPA. [countable + singular or plural verb] a group formed by people from several different groups, especially political ones, agreeing to work together for a particular purpose

Answer 87

2. There’s a coalition of online advertising companies that has promised to begin listening for that signal, including some of the largest players in online advertising, Google and Yahoo, but it’s not quite clear yet what’s going to mean for them to listen to that signal. 1. L135) Among the lottery-frenzied, a lot of first time lottery players. 2. a company or person involved in a particular area of business or politics 1. a person who takes part in a game or sports

Answer 88

M4a. That’s the question that’s now before the tracking protection working group of the worldwide web consortium. T) The key challenge before us now is to appease him so he wouldn't increase the volume of assignments. R126) The Stop Online Piracy Act (SOPA), now before America's Congress, is the latest of many recent attempts to defend property rights on the internet. O5. L131) And in a sign that this Washington showdown will go on, on his first day on the job, Cordray was called to testify before Congress. M4a. (formal) used for saying that something or someone is judged or considered by a group of people L4. used to say that someone or something comes to be judged or considered by a person or group of people O5. in the presence of somebody who is listening, watching, etc

Answer 89

T) His new rule against going AWOL is only the latest of a series of extremely strict hagwon regulations that aim to harass students. O. absent without leave (used especially in the armed forces when somebody has left their group without permission)

Answer 90

T) His new rule against going AWOL is only the latest of a series of extremely strict hagwon regulations that aim to harass students. O1. that must be obeyed exactly

Answer 91

T) His new rule against going AWOL is only the latest of a series of extremely strict hagwon regulations that aim to harass students. O1. [often passive] harass somebody to annoy or worry somebody by putting pressure on them or saying or doing unpleasant things to them M1. to keep annoying or upsetting someone, for example by criticizing them, attacking them, or treating them in a way that is offensive to them

Answer 92

T) The key challenge before us now is to appease him so he wouldn't increase the volume of assignments. (formal, usually disapproving) appease somebody to make somebody calmer or less angry by giving them what they want

Answer 93

T) The key challenge before us now is to appease him so he wouldn't increase the volume of assignments. 2. [uncountable, countable] the amount of something

Answer 94

That’s the question that’s now before the tracking protection working group of the worldwide web consortium. OA. a group of people chosen to study a particular problem or situation in order to suggest ways of dealing with it L. [countable] a group that is formed to examine a particular situation or problem and suggest ways of dealing with it [= working party]

Answer 95

That’s the question that’s now before the tracking protection working group of the worldwide web consortium. a group of people, countries, companies, etc. who are working together on a particular project

Answer 96

The W3C may not be a household name, but for years it’s been setting standards for how websites work. a name that has become very well known

Answer 97

Now it’s trying to set the standard for how websites should respond when you click that do-not-track button. 2. [intransitive] respond (to something) (with something/by doing something) to do something as a reaction to something that somebody has said or done [SYN] react

Answer 98

But online advertisers who also have a seat at the table, don’t even like the concept of the do-not-track button. 어떤 회의장이나 의사 결정을 하는 곳에 자리를 하나 갖고 있다는 뜻.

Answer 99

And they’re not going to understand that they have just exited the value exchange which allows companies to invest in content services, almost all of which are freely available to the consumer. 2. [intransitive, transitive] to finish using a computer program

Answer 100

1. And they’re not going to understand that they have just exited the value exchange which allows companies to invest in content services, almost all of which are freely available to the consumer. 4. R130) Crucially, the North has agreed that inspectors from the International Atomic Energy Agency will check that enrichment really has stopped. In return America will ship at least 240,000 tonnes of food aid to feed North Korea's starving people, organise a few cultural exchanges, and work towards six-nation talks about a comprehensive settlement. 1. [countable, uncountable] an act of giving something to somebody or doing something for somebody and receiving something in return 4. [countable] an arrangement when two people or groups from different countries visit each other's homes or do each other's jobs for a short time M4. [countable] an arrangement in which people or groups from different countries visit each other or do each other's jobs, for example in order to study another country's language or improve relationships

Answer 101

1. Zaneis says advertisers are happy to let consumers opt out of the data collection. He points to an industry-sponsored website called AboutAds.info, where you can notify participating advertisers not to collect data from you. R136) When I push him to explain why the reduction in corporal punishment is so recent, he points to increasing levels of education. 2. R15) One of them is Hispaniola. Its name points to the fact that Christopher Columbus visited the island in 1942. ! R93) Google’s confrontation with China — over government censorship in general and specific attacks on its systems — is an exceptional case, of course, extending to human rights and international politics as well as high-tech spying. But the intrusion into Google’s computers and related attacks from within China on some 30 other companies point to the rising sophistication of such assaults and the vulnerability of even the best defenses, security experts say. O1. to mention something that you think is important and/or the reason why a particular situation exists (비슷한 단어로는 cite. 봐봐, 내 말이 맞지?) O2. to suggest that something is true or likely M. to show the truth or importance of something

Answer 102

He points to an industry-sponsored website called AboutAds.info, where you can notify participating advertisers not to collect data from you. to formally or officially tell somebody about something [SYN] inform

Answer 103

We’ve stood up a self-regulatory program through the Digital Advertising Alliance which is delivering additional transparency and consumer control today. (stood up a self-regulatory program은 아무리 찾아도 사전 정의는 안 나옴. 구글에서 검색해보면 똑같은 맥락에서 After a lot of hard work, the industry has stood up the program that was promised to the FTC more than a year ago. 라는 문장 있는데 일단 넘어가자.) M. a self-regulatory system or organization is one that controls itself and makes its own rules O. regulatory: [usually before noun] having the power to control an area of business or industry and make sure that it is operating fairly (자체규제)

Answer 104

We’ve stood up a self-regulatory program through the Digital Advertising Alliance which is delivering additional transparency and consumer control today. a group of people, political parties, etc. who work together in order to achieve something that they all want

Answer 105

We’ve stood up a self-regulatory program through the Digital Advertising Alliance which is delivering additional transparency and consumer control today. R137) When Kanazawa analyzed the numbers, he found the two were related: In the U.K., for example, attractive children have an additional 12.4 points of IQ, on average. more than was first mentioned or is usual [SYN] extra

Answer 106

We’ve stood up a self-regulatory program through the Digital Advertising Alliance which is delivering additional transparency and consumer control today. L131) If you ask me, the American people should be getting more transparency out of this administration, not less. M. [uncountable] an honest way of doing things that allows other people to know exactly what you are doing

Answer 107

Privacy advocates are not impressed. "I think it’s just pure deception at this point." feeling admiration for somebody/something because you think they are particularly good, interesting, etc

Answer 108

Privacy advocates are not impressed. "I think it’s just pure deception at this point." 1. [uncountable] the act of deliberately making somebody believe something that is not true (= of deceiving them) [SYN] deceit 2. [countable] a trick intended to make somebody believe something that is not true [SYN] deceit

Answer 109

But more important, he says, the industry’s opt-out rules come with some broad exceptions. Some exceptions like product improvement. 1. a person or thing that is not included in a general statement

Answer 110

Not that there won’t be exception under the do-not-track system. T) My wife always grills me about drinking. I can't stand it any more. Not that I don't love her. It's just she is so annying. O. used to state that you are not suggesting something M. used for adding a negative statement that reduces the effect or the importance of what you have just said

Answer 111

T) My wife always grills me about drinking. I can't stand it any more. Not that I don't love her. It's just she is so annying. grill somebody (about something) to ask somebody a lot of questions about their ideas, actions, etc, often in an unpleasant way

Answer 112

Privacy advocates admit that you can’t have an absolute ban on data-collection. total and complete

Answer 113

But, they say, they’d rather see those data-collection rules agreed upon in an open forum, like this week’s W3C meeting, as opposed to letting the advertising industry write its own rules. [intransitive, transitive] to decide with somebody else to do something or to have something

Answer 114

! But, they say, they’d rather see those data-collection rules agreed upon in an open forum, like this week’s W3C meeting, as opposed to letting the advertising industry write its own rules. ! R131) “We are the 99 percent” is a great slogan. It correctly defines the issue as being the middle class versus the elite (as opposed to the middle class versus the poor). (formal) used to make a contrast between two things

Answer 115

T) Japan and the rest of Asia need work together to right the wrongs of the past. O. to do something to correct an unfair situation or something bad that you have done L. to do something to prevent a bad situation from continuing

Answer 116

An American anti-piracy bill tries to stem the global theft of intellectual property The bill aims to cut off Americans' access to foreign pirate websites by squeezing intermediaries. Constantly changing technology makes data on piracy unreliable. Monitors struggle to distinguish the effect of deterrence from the rise of easy, cheap alternatives to piratical downloading, such as legal online music services. The Social Science Research Council, an American non-profit body, found in a study this year “little evidence—and indeed few claims—that enforcement efforts to date have had any impact whatsoever on the overall supply [of pirated media].” The pirates just moved their illegal activity to looser jurisdictions, such as Sweden—while still benefiting from American-based search engines and payment systems. piracy: [uncountable] the act of making illegal copies of DVDs, computer programs, books, etc, in order to sell them pirate: N. (often used as an adjective) a person who makes illegal copies of DVDs, computer programs, books, etc, in order to sell them pirate: V. pirate something to copy and use or sell somebody's work or a product without permission and without having the right to do so

Answer 117

An American anti-piracy bill tries to stem the global theft of intellectual property stem something to stop something that is flowing from spreading or increasing (stem the tide: 조수를 막는다. 추세적으로 막 우르르 생기는 걸 막는다고 할 때 씀. 범죄, 불법 이민 등등…)

Answer 118

Illegal copying and sharing of copyrighted material is hard enough to stop within a country. copyright something to get the copyright for something

Answer 119

Illegal copying and sharing of copyrighted material is hard enough to stop within a country. But when the internet takes traffic across borders it is almost unmanageable. the movement of messages and signals through an electronic communication system

Answer 120

Illegal copying and sharing of copyrighted material is hard enough to stop within a country. But when the internet takes traffic across borders it is almost unmanageable. difficult or impossible to control or deal with [OPP] manageable

Answer 121

American-owned intellectual property, say, may be uploaded in one country and downloaded in a second, via a website whose computers are in a third, operated by anonymous enthusiasts (or criminals) from goodness-knows-where. But losing public anonymity could affect political life. anonymous: (of a person) with a name that is not known or that is not made public anonymity: [uncountable] 1. the state of remaining unknown to most other people

Answer 122

American-owned intellectual property, say, may be uploaded in one country and downloaded in a second, via a website whose computers are in a third, operated by anonymous enthusiasts (or criminals) from goodness-knows-where. enthusiast (for/of something) a person who is very interested in something and spends a lot of time doing it

Answer 123

O) a ballet aficionado/an aficionado of ballet O. a person who likes a particular sport, activity or subject very much and knows a lot about it

Answer 124

American-owned intellectual property, say, may be uploaded in one country and downloaded in a second, via a website whose computers are in a third, operated by anonymous enthusiasts (or criminals) from goodness-knows-where. (informal) used to emphasize that you do not know something

Answer 125

The bill aims to cut off Americans' access to foreign pirate websites by squeezing intermediaries. T) His new rule against going AWOL is only the latest of a series of extremely strict hagwon regulations that aim to harass students. ! R131) If anything, however, the 99 percent slogan aims too low. A large fraction of the top 1 percent’s gains have actually gone to an even smaller group, the top 0.1 percent — the richest one-thousandth of the population. (너무 통이 작다! 는 의미.) M3. L134) Perhaps you remember this ad from Mitsubishi. It made headlines because it was aimed directly at those younger drivers. 1. [intransitive, transitive] to try or plan to achieve something M3. [transitive] if you aim something you say, write, or create at a person or group, you want them to listen to or use what you have said, written, or created

Answer 126

The bill aims to cut off Americans' access to foreign pirate websites by squeezing intermediaries. Rights-holders, such as Hollywood film studios, will be able to request that a credit-card firm or advertising network stop doing business with a foreign site; or ask a search engine to take down links to the site; or ask an internet-service provider to block the site's domain name, making it harder to reach. R127) Poor weather, and cash-strapped growers delaying their replanting after the 2008 credit crunch, have recently squeezed production—and led to Brazil importing some American ethanol. L93) But inflation this last year was less than 1%. In fact, we were surprised to learn a loaf of bread actually down about a dime, a half-gallon of juice down 15 cents. So why are seniors and so many others still feeling squeezed? 3. 10DD2) Excuse me. Sorry, I’m late. Can I just squeeze by? O5. [transitive] squeeze somebody/something to strictly limit or reduce the amount of money that somebody/something has or can use M4. [transitive] to make someone have financial trouble, for example by raising prices, cutting a supply of money, or increasing competition L6. [transitive] to strictly limit the amount of money that is available to a company or organization 3. [transitive, intransitive] to force somebody/something/yourself into or through a small space

Answer 127

The bill aims to cut off Americans' access to foreign pirate websites by squeezing intermediaries. (여기서 intermediary는 검색 엔진, ISP, 광고 네트워크, 신용카드 회사 등등 말함.) intermediary (between A and B) a person or an organization that helps other people or organizations to make an agreement by being a means of communication between them [SYN] mediator, go-between

Answer 128

Rights-holders, such as Hollywood film studios, will be able to request that a credit-card firm or advertising network stop doing business with a foreign site; or ask a search engine to take down links to the site; or ask an internet-service provider to block the site's domain name, making it harder to reach. (often in compounds) a person who has or owns the thing mentioned

Answer 129

Rights-holders, such as Hollywood film studios, will be able to request that a credit-card firm or advertising network stop doing business with a foreign site; or ask a search engine to take down links to the site; or ask an internet-service provider to block the site's domain name, making it harder to reach. Critics of the bill say that takedown requests and court orders will swamp smaller firms and start-ups. 링크를 내리는 거를 take down이라 함.

Answer 130

The intermediary then has just five days to comply or rebut the complaint; after that the rights-holder can go to court. (complaint에 대해서 그건 아니라고 조목조목 반박하는 거. 아직 잘 안 와닿음..) rebut something (formal) to say or prove that a statement or criticism is false [SYN] refute

Answer 131

The intermediary then has just five days to comply or rebut the complaint; after that the rights-holder can go to court. (여기서 complaint는 rights-holders가 신용카드 회사에 request하거나 검색 엔진, ISP에 ask한 그런 것들을 총체적으로 말하는 듯.) L127) Debbie Cook insists her complaint is with church leadership, not with the faith that she says she still loves. R137) And now a scam sweeping the country. 25,000 complaints, cheating people out of $100 million just last year alone. [uncountable] the act of complaining

Answer 132

The intermediary then has just five days to comply or rebut the complaint; after that the rights-holder can go to court. L127) A former top official in the church is speaking out, the church denies her explosive allegations, and has taken her to court. L. take somebody to court (=bring a legal case against someone)

Answer 133

This would rope intermediaries into law enforcement to an unprecedented degree, and give rights-holders exceptional power. (중개자들을 당국에 묶어놓을 수 있게 된다. 흠 어려워!) [usually passive] (informal) to persuade somebody to join in an activity or to help to do something, even when they do not want to

Answer 134

O) All dogs must be kept on a leash in public places. (especially North American English) (British English also lead) a long piece of leather, chain or rope used for holding and controlling a dog

Answer 135

This would rope intermediaries into law enforcement to an unprecedented degree, and give rights-holders exceptional power. that has never happened, been done or been known before

Answer 136

M3. This would rope intermediaries into law enforcement to an unprecedented degree, and give rights-holders exceptional power. 2. R93) Google’s confrontation with China — over government censorship in general and specific attacks on its systems — is an exceptional case, of course, extending to human rights and international politics as well as high-tech spying. But the intrusion into Google’s computers and related attacks from within China on some 30 other companies point to the rising sophistication of such assaults and the vulnerability of even the best defenses, security experts say. M3. much more or greater than usual O2. very unusual

Answer 137

2. Critics of the bill say that takedown requests and court orders will swamp smaller firms and start-ups. R138) Murray neglects this research in his book. Meanwhile, his left-wing critics in the blogosphere have reverted to crude 1970s economic determinism: It’s all the fault of lost jobs. People who talk about behavior are blaming the victim. (Oxford 예시에 보면 Her recent achievements have silenced her critics. 즉 someone's critic은 누구를 비판하는 사람 가리킴.) 2. a person who expresses disapproval of somebody/something and talks about their bad qualities, especially publicly

Answer 138

Critics of the bill say that takedown requests and court orders will swamp smaller firms and start-ups. O. [often passive] to make somebody have more of something than they can deal with [SYN] inundate L. [usually in passive] to suddenly give someone a lot of work, problems etc to deal with

Answer 139

Critics of the bill say that takedown requests and court orders will swamp smaller firms and start-ups. a company that is just beginning to operate, especially an Internet company

Answer 140

They say that blocking entire websites via their domain name smacks of censorship, and that determined downloaders will anyway find the block easy to bypass. On the other side are internet companies, technology investors and digital activists, who share an interest in disrupting business models and a dislike for anything that smacks of old-fashioned regulation. to seem to contain or involve a particular unpleasant quality

Answer 141

They say that blocking entire websites via their domain name smacks of censorship, and that determined downloaders will anyway find the block easy to bypass. O. [uncountable] the act or policy of censoring books, etc M. [uncountable] the process of removing parts of books, films, letters etc that are considered unsuitable for moral, religious, or political reasons

Answer 142

They say that blocking entire websites via their domain name smacks of censorship, and that determined downloaders will anyway find the block easy to bypass. M. not willing to let anything prevent you from doing what you have decided to do

Answer 143

Two mighty coalitions have formed around SOPA. (especially literary) very strong and powerful

Answer 144

3. Supporting the bill are not only film studios and music labels, but also drug firms and other manufacturers. 2. R92) “The consensus is that Ednos is ‘too big,’ meaning it is being used more frequently than is desirable, as that label does not convey much specific information,” said Dr. B. Timothy Walsh, a professor of psychiatry at Columbia who is chairman of the eating disorders work group for the new manual. 3. a company that produces and sells music, CDs, etc 2. (disapproving) a word or phrase that is used to describe somebody/something in a way that seems too general, unfair or not correct

Answer 145

Supporting the bill are not only film studios and music labels, but also drug firms and other manufacturers. a person or company that produces goods in large quantities [SYN] maker

Answer 146

7. Though SOPA itself does not affect them, they have a big interest in fighting any kind of intellectual-property infringement. On the other side are internet companies, technology investors and digital activists, who share an interest in disrupting business models and a dislike for anything that smacks of old-fashioned regulation. 1. R134) In hard times, it is not surprising that exchequers take an interest in such things. In Britain the Treasury estimates the total cost to the state of the various tax breaks to donors and charities will be £3.64 billion ($5.5 billion) this tax year; in America the Treasury estimates that the total cost to the federal government in 2012 of charitable tax breaks will be $39.6 billion, rising to $51.6 billion in 2014. But that is not the only reason reform should be up for debate. 7. [countable, uncountable] interest (in something) a connection with something which affects your attitude to it, especially because you may benefit from it in some way (이게 영한사전으로는 '이해관계'로 나오는데, 문장 보면 어느 한 쪽은 A에 interest를 가지고 있으면 다른 쪽은 B에 interest를 가지고 있음. 즉, 그 interest를 가지고 있는 것에서 뭔가 benefit을 얻어낼 수 있을 때 interest in sth이라고 하는 듯.) 1. [singular, uncountable] interest (in somebody/something) the feeling that you have when you want to know or learn more about somebody/something

Answer 147

Though SOPA itself does not affect them, they have a big interest in fighting any kind of intellectual-property infringement. (formal) infringe: [transitive] infringe something (of an action, a plan, etc.) to break a law or rule

Answer 148

On the other side are internet companies, technology investors and digital activists, who share an interest in disrupting business models and a dislike for anything that smacks of old-fashioned regulation. a person or an organization that invests money in something

Answer 149

On the other side are internet companies, technology investors and digital activists, who share an interest in disrupting business models and a dislike for anything that smacks of old-fashioned regulation. a person who works to achieve political or social change, especially as a member of an organization with particular aims

Answer 150

disrupt: On the other side are internet companies, technology investors and digital activists, who share an interest in disrupting business models and a dislike for anything that smacks of old-fashioned regulation. R35) With the help of an electric power supply, an electric current runs along the wire. Your sound waves disrupt that flow of electricity. R138) Over the past 25 years, though, a new body of research has emerged, which should lead to new theories. This research tends to support a few common themes. First, no matter how social disorganization got started, once it starts, it takes on a momentum of its own. People who grow up in disrupted communities are more likely to lead disrupted lives as adults, magnifying disorder from one generation to the next. disruption: R138) Neo-conservatives had a more culturally deterministic theory. Many of them had been poor during the Depression. Economic stress had not undermined the family then. Moreover, social breakdown began in the 1960s, a time of unprecedented prosperity. They argued that the abandonment of traditional bourgeois norms led to social disruption, especially for those in fragile circumstances. disrupt: disrupt something to make it difficult for something to continue in the normal way disruption: M1. [countable/uncountable] a situation in which something cannot continue because of a problem

Answer 151

On the other side are internet companies, technology investors and digital activists, who share an interest in disrupting business models and a dislike for anything that smacks of old-fashioned regulation. [uncountable, singular] dislike (of/for somebody/something) a feeling of not liking

Answer 152

Constantly changing technology makes data on piracy unreliable. that cannot be trusted or depended on [OPP] reliable

Answer 153

Monitors struggle to distinguish the effect of deterrence from the rise of easy, cheap alternatives to piratical downloading, such as legal online music services. 4. a person whose job is to check that something is done fairly and honestly, especially in a foreign country

Answer 154

Monitors struggle to distinguish the effect of deterrence from the rise of easy, cheap alternatives to piratical downloading, such as legal online music services. 1. [intransitive, transitive] to recognize the difference between two people or things [SYN] differentiate

Answer 155

Monitors struggle to distinguish the effect of deterrence from the rise of easy, cheap alternatives to piratical downloading, such as legal online music services. C. [NOUN] Deterrence is the prevention of something, especially war or crime, by having something such as weapons or punishment to use as a threat.

Answer 156

Monitors struggle to distinguish the effect of deterrence from the rise of easy, cheap alternatives to piratical downloading, such as legal online music services. [singular] rise (of somebody/something) the act of becoming more important, successful, powerful, etc

Answer 157

But the fight against intellectual-property theft is waged hard. to begin and continue a war, a battle, etc

Answer 158

It resembles a bit the fight against illegal drugs: clamp down in one place, and the trade sprouts elsewhere. [no passive] (not used in the progressive tenses) resemble somebody/something to look like or be similar to another person or thing

Answer 159

It resembles a bit the fight against illegal drugs: clamp down in one place, and the trade sprouts elsewhere. O. to take strict action in order to prevent something, especially crime M. to make a determined attempt to stop people doing something bad or illegal (못하도록 단속하는 것.)

Answer 160

2. It resembles a bit the fight against illegal drugs: clamp down in one place, and the trade sprouts elsewhere. 3. R91) Unless the world’s richest nations come to the rescue of weakened states, the global financial crisis might sprout another leg and stop the nascent recovery in its tracks. 2. [intransitive, transitive] to appear; to develop something, especially in large numbers 3. [transitive, intransitive] to start to grow something; to start to grow on somebody/something

Answer 161

The Social Science Research Council, an American non-profit body, found in a study this year “little evidence—and indeed few claims—that enforcement efforts to date have had any impact whatsoever on the overall supply [of pirated media].” until now

Answer 162

The Social Science Research Council, an American non-profit body, found in a study this year “little evidence—and indeed few claims—that enforcement efforts to date have had any impact whatsoever on the overall supply [of pirated media].” used for emphasizing a negative statement

Answer 163

The Social Science Research Council, an American non-profit body, found in a study this year “little evidence—and indeed few claims—that enforcement efforts to date have had any impact whatsoever on the overall supply [of pirated media].” L128) Now car companies are required to give not just an overall safety rating, but a specific one for women in the front passenger seat. R133) But when Cisco, a technology giant, was briefly worth more than $500 billion in 2000, its price-earnings ratio was above 100; Apple trades on only 22 times its 2011 profits. Its new dividend yield will be almost as generous as that of the overall market. [only before noun] including all the things or people that are involved in a particular situation; general

Answer 164

With great effort, courts have closed or hampered some big “peer-to-peer” file-sharing sites (these allow users to swap files without going via a central computer). [often passive] hamper somebody/something to prevent somebody from easily doing or achieving something [SYN] hinder

Answer 165

With great effort, courts have closed or hampered some big “peer-to-peer” file-sharing sites (these allow users to swap files without going via a central computer). [intransitive, transitive] to give something to somebody and receive something in exchange

Answer 166

With great effort, courts have closed or hampered some big “peer-to-peer” file-sharing sites (these allow users to swap files without going via a central computer). But others spring up in their place. R129) Black markets have sprung up, along with a thriving petty trade across the border with China. to appear or develop quickly and/or suddenly

Answer 167

V. The International Federation of the Phonographic Industry (IFPI) estimated that music-sharing doubled between 2006 and 2008. N. L138) Now if you think this is just the store’s problem, think again. One estimate found the typical American family spent an additional $435 last year as a result of increased shoplifting. V. [often passive] to form an idea of the cost, size, value etc. of something, but without calculating it exactly N1. a judgement that you make without having the exact details or figures about the size, amount, cost, etc. of something

Answer 168

The International Federation of the Phonographic Industry (IFPI) estimated that music-sharing doubled between 2006 and 2008. L143) They promise to double your pleasure, but now Wrigley wants to give you a kick of caffeine. [intransitive, transitive] to become, or make something become, twice as much or as many

Answer 169

Growing even faster, though, are cyber-lockers such as RapidShare. These let people share links to files they have uploaded to the “cloud”, the huge arrays of easily accessible servers that host all manner of data. 웹하드

Answer 170

Growing even faster, though, are cyber-lockers such as RapidShare. These let people share links to files they have uploaded to the “cloud”, the huge arrays of easily accessible servers that host all manner of data. 1. [usually singular] a group or collection of things or people, often one that is large or impressive

Answer 171

Growing even faster, though, are cyber-lockers such as RapidShare. These let people share links to files they have uploaded to the “cloud”, the huge arrays of easily accessible servers that host all manner of data. that can be reached, entered, used, seen, etc

Answer 172

Growing even faster, though, are cyber-lockers such as RapidShare. These let people share links to files they have uploaded to the “cloud”, the huge arrays of easily accessible servers that host all manner of data. O4. host something to store a website on a computer connected to the Internet, usually in return for payment M4. (computing) to run websites on a computer, usually for companies

Answer 173

Growing even faster, though, are cyber-lockers such as RapidShare. These let people share links to files they have uploaded to the “cloud”, the huge arrays of easily accessible servers that host all manner of data. many different types of people or things

Answer 174

2. A few such cyber-lockers (largely out of the direct reach of American justice) now have more visitors than the top peer-to-peer sites. 1. L142) We have a responsibility as parents and that responsibility is when you’re using a product that can be harmful to your child, keep it out of their reach. 2. [singular, uncountable] the limit to which somebody/something has the power or influence to do something 1. [singular, uncountable] the distance over which you can stretch your arms to touch something; the distance over which a particular object can be used to touch something else

Answer 175

A few such cyber-lockers (largely out of the direct reach of American justice) now have more visitors than the top peer-to-peer sites. [uncountable] the legal system used to punish people who have committed crimes

Answer 176

In the eyes of rights-holders, the law seems shamefully lax. eye: L2. [countable usually singular] a particular way of seeing, judging, or understanding something -> in the eyes of sb: according to a particular person or group O. in sb's eyes: (British English also to somebody's eyes) in somebody's opinion or according to the way that they see the situation

Answer 177

In the eyes of rights-holders, the law seems shamefully lax. KE1018) Given the country’s democratic credentials and economic standing, the score looks simply shameful among the G20 member countries. O. shameful: that should make you feel ashamed [SYN] disgraceful M. shameful: so bad that you feel ashamed of it

Answer 178

In the eyes of rights-holders, the law seems shamefully lax. (disapproving) not strict, severe or careful enough about work, rules or standards of behaviour [SYN] slack, careless

Answer 179

In 1998 America adopted the Digital Millennium Copyright Act, which criminalised many of the methods used to copy digital content, but also established “safe harbours”, explicitly protecting intermediaries such as search engines and social networks from prosecution for their users' actions. [transitive] adopt something to formally accept a suggestion or policy by voting

Answer 180

In 1998 America adopted the Digital Millennium Copyright Act, which criminalised many of the methods used to copy digital content, but also established “safe harbours”, explicitly protecting intermediaries such as search engines and social networks from prosecution for their users' actions. criminalize something to make something illegal by passing a new law

Answer 181

In 1998 America adopted the Digital Millennium Copyright Act, which criminalised many of the methods used to copy digital content, but also established “safe harbours”, explicitly protecting intermediaries such as search engines and social networks from prosecution for their users' actions. said, done or shown in an open or direct way, so that you have no doubt about what is happening

Answer 182

The pirates just moved their illegal activity to looser jurisdictions, such as Sweden—while still benefiting from American-based search engines and payment systems. not strictly organized or controlled

Answer 183

The pirates just moved their illegal activity to looser jurisdictions, such as Sweden—while still benefiting from American-based search engines and payment systems. (formal) [countable] an area or a country in which a particular system of laws has authority

Answer 184

1. The pirates just moved their illegal activity to looser jurisdictions, such as Sweden—while still benefiting from American-based search engines and payment systems. 2. R130) Like some seedy racketeer, the delinquents in Pyongyang had extorted a generous payment in exchange for talks about giving up their pursuit of nuclear weapons. R132) They see America as being like a family that took out too large a mortgage, and will have a hard time making the monthly payments. L8) But it costs an arm and a leg. So Vittoria starts to save her money. She makes a small payment every year. She saves up for 40 years. (적금같은 것에 조금씩 돈을 붓는다.) 1. [uncountable] payment (for something) the act of paying somebody/something or of being paid 2. [countable] payment (for something) a sum of money paid or expected to be paid

Answer 185

Now the rights-holders see intermediaries as the only point where they can choke the illegal trade. M5. [transitive] to stop someone or something from developing or being successful

Answer 186

2. “This is the last stand—the guys who have the pipes,” says Peter Mensch of Q Prime, which represents bands such as Metallica and the Red Hot Chili Peppers. 1. R129) The younger Kim represents the third generation of a dynastic Stalinist dictatorship that has ruled North Korea since 1948. 5. R130) North Korea craves the American recognition such aid represents. 2. represent somebody/something to act or speak officially for somebody and defend their interests 1. [often passive] represent somebody/something to be a member of a group of people and act or speak on their behalf at an event, a meeting, etc 5. represent something (not used in the progressive tenses) to be a symbol of something [SYN] symbolize

Answer 187

Intermediaries are under fire on other fronts too, notes Viktor Mayer-Schönberger of the Oxford Internet Institute. to be criticized severely for something you have done

Answer 188

Intermediaries are under fire on other fronts too, notes Viktor Mayer-Schönberger of the Oxford Internet Institute. O8. [countable] a particular area of activity M3. [countable] a particular aspect of a situation

Answer 189

2. Google, for instance, faces a number of lawsuits in Europe for providing links to material that breaches privacy laws. R134) The basic question posed by Gladstone remains: why should taxpayer B face a bigger tax bill because taxpayer A chooses to give to charity? R135) It seems obvious that European creditor nations need, one way or another, to assume some of the financial risks facing Spanish banks. 1. R128) Putting the lens behind an advert is a good way to get subjects who are facing it. 2. [transitive] if you face a particular situation, or it faces you, you have to deal with it 1. [transitive, intransitive] to be opposite somebody/something; to have your face or front pointing towards somebody/something or in a particular direction

Answer 190

Google, for instance, faces a number of lawsuits in Europe for providing links to material that breaches privacy laws. L139) There are already two nuclear reactors at the site in East Georgia. This would add a third and a fourth reactor both up and running in the next 5 years. On the Internet, the opposition is already mounting. Families near the plant are already threatening a lawsuit challenging the decision. O. (also suit) a claim or complaint against somebody that a person or an organization can make in court M. [countable] a case that a court of law is asked to decide involving a disagreement between two people or organizations

Answer 191

Google, for instance, faces a number of lawsuits in Europe for providing links to material that breaches privacy laws. N1. L127) The e-mail went viral and the church sued her for breach of contract. KE1022) We’re not talking about some ‘unlawful and harmful’ ones in breach of the law. This is an ‘administrative’ action taken by the administrative branch of the government to get rid of comments against the government or any of its policies. ! N2. R93) In a survey of 443 companies and government agencies published last month, the Computer Security Institute found that 64 percent reported malware infections, up from 50 percent the previous year. The financial loss from security breaches was $234,000 on average for each organization. : 보안이 파괴됨으로써 발생한 손실은~ V. (formal) breach something to not keep to an agreement or not keep a promise [SYN] break N1. (formal) [countable, uncountable] breach of something a failure to do something that must be done by law N2. [countable, uncountable] breach of something an action that breaks an agreement to behave in a particular way - a breach of security (= when something that is normally protected is no longer secure) 안보의 파괴

Answer 192

A handful of European and Asian countries have adopted or proposed “graduatedresponse” laws. R131) “We are the 99 percent” is a great slogan. It correctly defines the issue as being the middle class versus the elite (as opposed to the middle class versus the poor). And it also gets past the common but wrong establishment notion that rising inequality is mainly about the well educated doing better than the less educated; the big winners in this new Gilded Age have been a handful of very wealthy people, not college graduates in general. 2. [singular] handful (of somebody/something) a small number of people or things

Answer 193

A handful of European and Asian countries have adopted or proposed “graduatedresponse” laws. R134) In his March budget Mr Osborne proposed a cap on the sum that rich people can deduct from their taxes thanks to their charitable donations, framing it as part of a strategy to crack down on wealthy tax dodgers. R135) So what does the Fed propose doing about the situation? Almost nothing. [transitive] (formal) to suggest a plan, an idea, etc. for people to think about and decide on

Answer 194

A handful of European and Asian countries have adopted or proposed “graduatedresponse” laws. These oblige internet-service providers to shut off service from users suspected of downloading illegal files (they get two warnings first). (formal) [transitive, usually passive] oblige somebody to do something to force somebody to do something, by law, because it is a duty, etc

Answer 195

A handful of European and Asian countries have adopted or proposed “graduatedresponse” laws. These oblige internet-service providers to shut off service from users suspected of downloading illegal files (they get two warnings first). (의심받는 유저들로부터 서비스를 차단한다는 의미로 쓰임.) 1. to stop a machine, tool, etc. from working 2. to stop a supply of gas, water, etc. from flowing or reaching a place

Answer 196

This approach is working, argues Frances Moore of the IFPI. L129) Many North Korea watchers argue that North Korea’s effort to construct an effective three-stage rocket or missile is meant ultimately to reach targets in the United States. [intransitive, transitive] to give reasons why you think that something is right/wrong, true/not true, etc, especially to persuade people that you are right

Answer 197

In Spain, which passed an anti-piracy law only in March, music sales have dropped faster than the global average. 5. not until

Answer 198

V4. In Spain, which passed an anti-piracy law only in March, music sales have dropped faster than the global average. R132) People who get their economic analysis from the likes of the Heritage Foundation have been waiting ever since President Obama took office for budget deficits to send interest rates soaring. Any day now! And while they’ve been waiting, those rates have dropped to historical lows. R136) Murray Straus, a sociologist at the University of New Hampshire who has devoted his career to studying corporal punishment, believes the decrease is “part of the long term civilizing process of society,” in which societal violence in all forms has dropped over the last centuries. N3. R136) In the United States, for example, 94 percent of parents endorsed hitting kids in 1968, but only one-half approved by 1999. Similar decreases occurred in countries as diverse as Austria, Sweden, Kuwait, Germany, and New Zealand. (In Sweden, the drop preceded the law against hitting kids.) MN4. TED) Bonnie is my best friend and head handler, who somehow summons will, that last drop of will within me, when I think it's gone, after many, many hours and days out there. V4. [intransitive, transitive] to become or make something weaker, lower or less [SYN] fall N3. [countable, usually singular] drop (in something) a fall or reduction in the amount, level or number of something MN4. [singular] informal a small amount of a particular quality

Answer 199

2. In 2010 Nielsen, a market-research firm, estimated that 45% of Spanish internet users visited illegal music-distribution services, against 23% in the top five European markets. 1. R131) According to that report, between 1979 and 2005 the inflation-adjusted, after-tax income of Americans in the middle of the income distribution rose 21 percent. 2. [uncountable] the act of giving or delivering something to a number of people 1. [uncountable, countable] the way that something is shared or exists over a particular area or among a particular group of people

Answer 200

6. In 2010 Nielsen, a market-research firm, estimated that 45% of Spanish internet users visited illegal music-distribution services, against 23% in the top five European markets. 5.R128) A jail in Alabama uses it to check those leaving against prisoner records. (대조해본다는 느낌) 6. used when you are comparing two things 5. with something in the background, as a contrast

Answer 201

2. Costa Rica topped the list of countries surveyed by the New Economic Fund (NEF) in its happy planet index (HPI). R10) How can a performer top his own top performance? 2. top something to be in the highest position on a list because you are the most successful, important, etc

Answer 202

Literally meaning a ‘rich beach’ in Spanish, the Latin American country still remains rather exotic to most of us. from or in another country, especially a tropical one; seeming exciting and unusual because it is connected with foreign countries

Answer 203

Its area is about half ours with a per capita income – the one and only yardstick we Koreans hold dear when comparing nations – lingering somewhere around a miserable 80th around the world. (from Latin) for each person

Answer 204

Its area is about half ours with a per capita income – the one and only yardstick we Koreans hold dear when comparing nations – lingering somewhere around a miserable 80th around the world. L127) When I was there, it had bars on the windows and security guards posted at the one door, for entering and exiting. one and only: L. used to emphasize that something is the only one of its kind one: L. [only before noun] only O3. used for emphasis to mean ‘a single’ or ‘just one’ O5. used for emphasis to mean ‘the only one’ or ‘the most important one’

Answer 205

Its area is about half ours with a per capita income – the one and only yardstick we Koreans hold dear when comparing nations – lingering somewhere around a miserable 80th around the world. a standard used for judging how good or successful something is

Answer 206

Its area is about half ours with a per capita income – the one and only yardstick we Koreans hold dear when comparing nations – lingering somewhere around a miserable 80th around the world. (formal) to care very much for somebody/something; to value somebody/something highly

Answer 207

2. Its area is about half ours with a per capita income – the one and only yardstick we Koreans hold dear when comparing nations – lingering somewhere around a miserable 80th around the world. R128) As for businesses, Quividi, a French marketer, can measure the age and gender of passers-by who linger at an advert; advertisers vary their offerings based on who is looking. 1. HIMYMS01E01) M: That was the signal. L: That long, lingering handshake? You should have kissed her. 2. [intransitive] (+ adverb/preposition) to stay somewhere for longer because you do not want to leave; to spend a long time doing something 1. [intransitive] to continue to exist for longer than expected

Answer 208

And now on ABC news exclusive, about the Church of Scientology, the controversial religious group with some very famous followers - Tom Cruise, John Travolta. L130) Now, an ABC news investigation tonight, whistleblowers have come out of the shadows speaking exclusively to ABC’s chief investigative correspondent Brian Ross. exclusive: ON. an item of news or a story about famous people that is published in only one newspaper or magazine exclusively: M. used for emphasizing that something is available to or limited to one specific person, thing, or group

Answer 209

And now on ABC news exclusive, about the Church of Scientology, the controversial religious group with some very famous followers - Tom Cruise, John Travolta. a person who supports and admires a particular person or set of ideas

Answer 210

A former top official in the church is speaking out. The church denies her explosive allegations, and has taken her to court. to state your opinions publicly, especially in opposition to something and in a way that takes courage

Answer 211

1. A former top official in the church is speaking out. The church denies her explosive allegations, and has taken her to court. 2. R128)America places little restriction on the use of face recognition, as legal precedent denies the “reasonable expectation of privacy” in public. 1. to say that something is not true 2. deny something to refuse to admit or accept something

Answer 212

2. A former top official in the church is speaking out. The church denies her explosive allegations, and has taken her to court. 1. L129) But, in order to put a smaller device on a ballistic missile, most military planners would want to have a nuclear explosive proof-test. 2. likely to cause violence or strong feelings of anger or hatred O1. easily able or likely to explode M1. used for causing an explosion M1a. able to explode

Answer 213

A former top official in the church is speaking out. The church denies her explosive allegations, and has taken her to court. a public statement that is made without giving proof, accusing somebody of doing something that is wrong or illegal [SYN] accusation

Answer 214

The church denies her explosive allegations, and has taken her to court. But she is undeterred. And she sat down with ABC’s Dan Hariss. if somebody is undeterred by something, they do not allow it to stop them from doing something

Answer 215

Scientology, a church known for celebrity, and controversy. [uncountable, countable] (plural controversies) controversy (over/about/surrounding somebody/something) public discussion and argument about something that many people strongly disagree about, disapprove of, or are shocked by

Answer 216

2. And now a new uproar involving this woman, Debbie Cook, who has gone from running the church’s spiritual mecca to being a vocal critic. 1. R10) Houdini's strongly supported the work of magicians but just as strongly spoken against “fake” magicians who claimed that they had special powers or communicated with “spirits.” Houdini would expose these false magicians by visiting their shows, then writing magazine or newspaper articles to reveal how they fooled their audiences. To set himself apart from the “spiritual” magicians, Houdini practiced his tricks, perfected them, then practiced again. [usually before noun] 2. connected with religion 1. connected with the human spirit, rather than the body or physical things

Answer 217

And now a new uproar involving this woman, Debbie Cook, who has gone from running the church’s spiritual mecca to being a vocal critic. L138) Earlier this month, five men were arrested in New Jersey, accused of running a ring of self-checkout thieves. They’ve pleaded not guilty, but prosecutors say that in just a few months, they stole $100,000 from the mecca of do it yourself, Home Depot. (usually mecca) a place that many people like to visit, especially for a particular reason

Answer 218

And now a new uproar involving this woman, Debbie Cook, who has gone from running the church’s spiritual mecca to being a vocal critic. telling people your opinions or protesting about something loudly and with confidence

Answer 219

It needs to get exposed. It needs to get confronted. 2. confront something to deal with a problem or difficult situation [SYN] face up to

Answer 220

Cook and her husband left the church in the fall of 2007, signing confidentiality agreements and receiving checks for $50,000 apiece. confidentiality: O. [uncountable] a situation in which you expect somebody to keep information secret confidentiality agreement: M. [countable] an agreement in which a person or organization that has important information about the activities of another organization promises not to give it to anyone else

Answer 221

Cook and her husband left the church in the fall of 2007, signing confidentiality agreements and receiving checks for $50,000 apiece. (한 사람당 5만달러, 부부가 받았으니까 총 10만달러.) (used after a noun or number) having, costing or measuring a particular amount each

Answer 222

But just weeks ago, Cook wrote an e-mail criticizing the church leadership. [countable + singular or plural verb] a group of leaders of a particular organization, etc

Answer 223

The e-mail went viral and the church sued her for breach of contract. M3. (informal) very popular and spreading very quickly, especially on the Internet

Answer 224

The e-mail went viral and the church sued her for breach of contract. an official written agreement

Answer 225

Cook is now fighting back, leveling new allegations in open court, many involving the leader of the church, David Miscavige. O. to resist strongly or attack somebody who has attacked you M2. [intransitive] to try to stop someone who has criticized you, or something that has harmed you

Answer 226

Cook is now fighting back, leveling new allegations in open court, many involving the leader of the church, David Miscavige. to say publicly that somebody is to blame for something, especially a crime or a mistake (던진다는 뜻. 비난성 발언, 공격 등을 level한다고 함.)

Answer 227

4. One quality that has always set us apart is that we are unselfish. 3. L57) First you are the self with many unattractive qualities: the secret desires, the large and small fears, the nagging insecurities, the twinges of envy, of cowardice, of avarice. 4. [countable, uncountable] a feature of something, especially one that makes it different from something else 3. [countable] a thing that is part of a person's character, especially something good

Answer 228

I’ve never met a more confident, a more intelligent, a more tolerant, a more compassionate being. feeling or showing sympathy for people who are suffering

Answer 229

But Debbie Cook has testified that Miscavige ordered his secretary to slap her. 1. [intransitive, transitive] to make a statement that something happened or that something is true, especially as a witness in court

Answer 230

Because, you know, he was displeased about how I was answering a question. It wasn’t what he wanted to hear. M. annoyed or angry, usually because something is not very good or someone has made a mistake

Answer 231

In repeated letters to ABC news, Scientology officials deny this charge. Cook claims she was in the hole for 7 weeks, during which time she was repeatedly made to confess her sins. repeated: [only before noun] happening, said or done many times repeatedly: many times

Answer 232

But Cook also testified that in June of 2007, she was forcibly taken to a place known "as the hole", a pair of double-wide trailers located on Scientology’s international base in Southern California. in a way that involves the use of physical force

Answer 233

But Cook also testified that in June of 2007, she was forcibly taken to a place known "as the hole", a pair of double-wide trailers located on Scientology’s international base in Southern California. 1. [countable] two things of the same type, especially when they are used or worn together

Answer 234

But Cook also testified that in June of 2007, she was forcibly taken to a place known "as the hole", a pair of double-wide trailers located on Scientology’s international base in Southern California. The term "double-wide" refers to a mobile home that is constructed of two sections, each the width of a single-wide mobile home. A double-wide home offers greater variety and flexibility in floor plans and enhanced living space. trailer: (especially North American English) (also trailer North American English) a small building for people to live in that is made in a factory and moved to a permanent place

Answer 235

6. But Cook also testified that in June of 2007, she was forcibly taken to a place known "as the hole", a pair of double-wide trailers located on Scientology’s international base in Southern California. 7. L129) Their missile program, at least as they conceived of it early on, was intended to sort of neutralize the ability of the United States to intervene from bases in Japan, in support of the South Korean army. 3. R132) First, families have to pay back their debt. Governments don’t — all they need to do is ensure that debt grows more slowly than their tax base. L) By broadening the tax base (=all the people who pay taxes), he could raise more revenues. 1. R5) They couldn’t agree on the size, on a base for the volcano, or on who should get to mix the paste. 6. [countable] the main place where you live or stay or where a business operates from 7. [countable, uncountable] a place where an army, a navy, etc. operates from 3. [countable, usually singular] the people, activity, etc. from which somebody/something gets most of their support, income, power, etc L5. [countable usually singular] the people, money, groups etc that form the main part of something 1. [countable, usually singular] the lowest part of something, especially the part or surface on which it rests or stands

Answer 236

1. Cook claims she was in the hole for 7 weeks, during which time she was repeatedly made to confess her sins. M2. 1402DD1) He was best friend of mine when he found out he had leukemia. He was probably going to die. He confessed to me that the first thing that came to his mind was relief. 1. [intransitive, transitive] to admit, especially formally or to the police, that you have done something wrong or illegal M2. to admit something about yourself that you would not normally tell people because you are embarrassed about it or they could be disappointed by it

Answer 237

The church does say Cook voluntarily participated in their program of religious discipline, but that she was not held against her will, and that her account of what went on is inaccurate. willingly; without being forced

Answer 238

1. The church does say Cook voluntarily participated in their program of religious discipline, but that she was not held against her will, and that her account of what went on is inaccurate. R136) Yet not a single one hit his or her own children today as a routine method of discipline. M1a. R131) And while Democrats, by and large, want that super-elite to make at least some contribution to long-term deficit reduction, Republicans want to cut the super-elite’s taxes even as they slash Social Security, Medicare and Medicaid in the name of fiscal discipline. 1. [uncountable] the practice of training people to obey rules and orders and punishing them if they do not; the controlled behaviour or situation that results from this training M1a. a strict set of rules that controls an activity or situation

Answer 239

The church does say Cook voluntarily participated in their program of religious discipline, but that she was not held against her will, and that her account of what went on is inaccurate. O6. a written or spoken description of something that has happened

Answer 240

The church does say Cook voluntarily participated in their program of religious discipline, but that she was not held against her will, and that her account of what went on is inaccurate. not exact or accurate; with mistakes [OPP] accurate

Answer 241

Essentially they’re saying that you and your husband are bitter, defrocked apostates. That’s their term. [usually passive] defrock somebody to officially remove a priest from his or her job, because he or she has done something wrong

Answer 242

Essentially they’re saying that you and your husband are bitter, defrocked apostates. That’s their term. (formal) a person who has rejected their religious or political beliefs

Answer 243

Essentially they’re saying that you and your husband are bitter, defrocked apostates. That’s their term. 1. [countable] a word or phrase used as the name of something, especially one connected with a particular type of language

Answer 244

Debbie Cook insists her complaint is with church leadership, not with the faith that she says she still loves. 2. [uncountable, singular] strong religious belief

Answer 245

1. M.U.'s Greek Council. We sponsor the annual scare games. 2. R133) Exxon Mobil has annual revenues of $486 billion and GE employs 301,000 people; Apple had annual revenues of $108 billion in its last fiscal year and its workforce numbered just 60,000. [usually before noun] 1. happening or done once every year 2. relating to a period of one year

Answer 246

The scare games! A super-intense scary competition. 2. serious and often involving a lot of action in a short period of time

Answer 247

2. A bunch of guys went to the hospital last year. 3. L130) I expect my federal law enforcement officers to set the bar, not to act like a bunch of school kid punks running around in a college fraternity. 2. [singular] a bunch (of something) (informal, especially North American English) a large amount of something; a large number of things or people 3. [singular] (informal) a group of people

Answer 248

Hello! I’m your roommate. Hmm, that’s too bland. 1. with little colour, excitement or interest; without anything to attract attention [SYN] nondescript

Answer 249

Your lifelong best friend is right behind this door. [only before noun] lasting or existing all through your life

Answer 250

I can tell we’re going to be best chums, Mike. L4. [intransitive,transitive not in progressive] to know something or be able to recognize something because of certain signs that show this

Answer 251

I can tell we’re going to be best chums, Mike. (old-fashioned, informal) a friend

Answer 252

Take whichever bed you want. I wanted you to have first dibs. L. [plural] [intransitive] the right to have, use, or do something:

Answer 253

"No, it’s totally great. You got to use it." - "Really?" - "Yeah, but lose the glasses. They give it away." to make known something that somebody wants to keep secret [SYN] betray

Answer 254

5. Okay. Unpack, check. Hang posters, check. Now I just need to ace my classes, graduate with honors, and become the greatest scarer ever. 9. R7) During the dry summer months, the trees depend on moisture from the thick fog that often hangs over the coast. 1. L10) The long hair takes ages to dry. Hoo hangs it on a fence in the sun. R10) Then, he escaped from a straightjacket, hanging upside down by his ankles. 5. [transitive, intransitive] hang (something) to attach something, especially a picture, to a hook on a wall; to be attached in this way 9. [intransitive] + adverb/preposition to stay in the air M5. [intransitive] if something such as smoke or a smell hangs in the air, it remains there 1. [transitive, intransitive] to attach something, or to be attached, at the top so that the lower part is free or loose

Answer 255

Okay. Unpack, check. Hang posters, check. Now I just need to ace my classes, graduate with honors, and become the greatest scarer ever. [transitive] (informal) to do very well in an examination, a piece of written work etc:

Answer 256

Okay. Unpack, check. Hang posters, check. Now I just need to ace my classes, graduate with honors, and become the greatest scarer ever. 8. [plural] if you pass an exam or graduate from a university or school with honours, you receive a special mark/grade for having achieved a very high standard

Answer 257

Brazilian Brew [countable, uncountable] a type of beer, especially one made in a particular place

Answer 258

“We've been waiting for this news for more than 30 years,” crows Marcos Jank, the president of UNICA, the Brazilian sugarcane-growers' trade association. [intransitive, transitive] (disapproving) to talk too proudly about something you have achieved, especially when somebody else has been unsuccessful [SYN] boast, gloat

Answer 259

“We've been waiting for this news for more than 30 years,” crows Marcos Jank, the president of UNICA, the Brazilian sugarcane-growers' trade association. a person or company that grows plants, fruit or vegetables to sell

Answer 260

“We've been waiting for this news for more than 30 years,” crows Marcos Jank, the president of UNICA, the Brazilian sugarcane-growers' trade association. M. an organization formed to represent a number of businesses involved in the same type of work

Answer 261

The cause of his excitement is the demise on December 31st of import tariffs and tax credits that have long sheltered ethanol distilled from corn in the United States from the same stuff made from sugarcane in Brazil. L. [uncountable] (formal) the end of something that used to exist

Answer 262

The cause of his excitement is the demise on December 31st of import tariffs and tax credits that have long sheltered ethanol distilled from corn in the United States from the same stuff made from sugarcane in Brazil. a tax that is paid on goods coming into or going out of a country

Answer 263

M4. The cause of his excitement is the demise on December 31st of import tariffs and tax credits that have long sheltered ethanol distilled from corn in the United States from the same stuff made from sugarcane in Brazil. 7. R134) This was all the more important because the gifts encouraged by the exemption were largely designed to bring a wealthy donor “credit and notoriety” which “otherwise he might not have enjoyed.” R137) Oh, how the Explainer loves a false premise. When it comes time to assemble the year-end list, he'll always give extra credit to questions that are predicated on blatant untruths. M4. [countable] an amount of money that you have a right to, for example money that you can use to pay part of your tax bill O. tax credit: money that is taken off your total tax bill 7. [uncountable] credit (for something) praise or approval because you are responsible for something good that has happened

Answer 264

The cause of his excitement is the demise on December 31st of import tariffs and tax credits that have long sheltered ethanol distilled from corn in the United States from the same stuff made from sugarcane in Brazil. R127) But in more normal times Brazilian distillers reckon they can supply their home market and export to America at sweet prices. R127) In the longer term, new plantations, sugar-mills and distilleries will be required. 1. distil something (from something) to make a liquid pure by heating it until it becomes a gas, then cooling it and collecting the drops of liquid that form 2. distil something to make something such as a strong alcoholic drink in this way distiller: a person or company that produces spirits (= strong alcoholic drinks) such as whisky by distilling them distillery: a factory where strong alcoholic drink is made by the process of distilling

Answer 265

Now, for the first time, the two countries that produce more than 80% of the world's ethanol can sell in each other's backyard at market prices. M. in a place close to you, or in a situation that you are directly involved in

Answer 266

Now, for the first time, the two countries that produce more than 80% of the world's ethanol can sell in each other's backyard at market prices. the price that people are willing to pay for something at a particular time

Answer 267

Distilling ethanol from tropical sugarcane takes less land and uses less fossil fuel than starting with corn grown in temperate climes. [countable, uncountable] fuel such as coal or oil, that was formed over millions of years from the remains of animals or plants

Answer 268

Distilling ethanol from tropical sugarcane takes less land and uses less fossil fuel than starting with corn grown in temperate climes. [usually before noun] (technical) (of a climate or region) having a mild temperature without extremes of heat or cold

Answer 269

Distilling ethanol from tropical sugarcane takes less land and uses less fossil fuel than starting with corn grown in temperate climes. L. [countable usually plural] (literary) a place that has a particular type of climate

Answer 270

2. That makes Brazilian ethanol, unlike the pampered and grotesquely wasteful American version, competitive with hydrocarbons and genuinely good for the environment. 1. L141) But tonight, he’s dealing with a threat unlike any he’s ever encountered. 2. used to contrast somebody/something with another person or thing 1. different from a particular person or thing

Answer 271

That makes Brazilian ethanol, unlike the pampered and grotesquely wasteful American version, competitive with hydrocarbons and genuinely good for the environment. pamper somebody (sometimes disapproving) to take care of somebody very well and make them feel as comfortable as possible [SYN] cosset

Answer 272

That makes Brazilian ethanol, unlike the pampered and grotesquely wasteful American version, competitive with hydrocarbons and genuinely good for the environment. grotesque: O1. strange in a way that is unpleasant or offensive M2. unreasonable, or offensive

Answer 273

That makes Brazilian ethanol, unlike the pampered and grotesquely wasteful American version, competitive with hydrocarbons and genuinely good for the environment. using more of something than is necessary; not saving or keeping something that could be used

Answer 274

That makes Brazilian ethanol, unlike the pampered and grotesquely wasteful American version, competitive with hydrocarbons and genuinely good for the environment. as good as or better than others

Answer 275

That makes Brazilian ethanol, unlike the pampered and grotesquely wasteful American version, competitive with hydrocarbons and genuinely good for the environment. (chemistry) a chemical made up of hydrogen and carbon only. There are many different hydrocarbons found in petrol/gas, coal and natural gas

Answer 276

Most of Brazil's cars run on a mix of the two fuels. The standard blend contains 18-25% ethanol. And in 2011 it cut taxes on petrol, but not ethanol, and reduced the mandatory blend of ethanol mixed with standard motoring fuel, thereby reducing demand. a mixture of different types of the same thing

Answer 277

Poor weather, and cash-strapped growers delaying their replanting after the 2008 credit crunch, have recently squeezed production—and led to Brazil importing some American ethanol. [only before noun] without enough money

Answer 278

Poor weather, and cash-strapped growers delaying their replanting after the 2008 credit crunch, have recently squeezed production—and led to Brazil importing some American ethanol. [intransitive, transitive] to not do something until a later time or to make something happen at a later time [SYN] defer

Answer 279

Poor weather, and cash-strapped growers delaying their replanting after the 2008 credit crunch, have recently squeezed production—and led to Brazil importing some American ethanol. [uncountable, countable] an act of planting something; something that has just been planted

Answer 280

Poor weather, and cash-strapped growers delaying their replanting after the 2008 credit crunch, have recently squeezed production—and led to Brazil importing some American ethanol. O. [usually singular] (economics) an economic condition in which it suddenly becomes difficult and expensive to borrow money M. a period when a country's economy is in a bad state and banks are not willing to lend much money

Answer 281

But in more normal times Brazilian distillers reckon they can supply their home market and export to America at sweet prices. [transitive, intransitive] reckon (that)… (informal, especially British English) to think something or have an opinion about something

Answer 282

But in more normal times Brazilian distillers reckon they can supply their home market and export to America at sweet prices. to provide somebody/something with something that they need or want, especially in large quantities

Answer 283

5. But in more normal times Brazilian distillers reckon they can supply their home market and export to America at sweet prices. R129) By his own lights, life was sweet. 7. L137) They’re the sweetest of victims of the cruelest of scams. One that preys on the love of a grandma or grandpa for unscrupulous profit. 5. making you feel happy and/or satisfied 7. having or showing a kind character

Answer 284

America's subsidies and trade barriers were long defended by senators from over-represented, underpopulated rural states (and protected by the fact that corn-loving Iowa holds the first presidential caucuses). [countable, uncountable] money that is paid by a government or an organization to reduce the costs of services or of producing goods so that their prices can be kept low

Answer 285

2. America's subsidies and trade barriers were long defended by senators from over-represented, underpopulated rural states (and protected by the fact that corn-loving Iowa holds the first presidential caucuses). 4. L132) And we can tell you tonight, which cities could break the $4 barrier by May. 2. a problem, rule or situation that prevents somebody from doing something, or that makes something impossible 4. a particular amount, level or number that it is difficult to get past

Answer 286

America's subsidies and trade barriers were long defended by senators from over-represented, underpopulated rural states (and protected by the fact that corn-loving Iowa holds the first presidential caucuses). under-represented: not having as many representatives as would be expected or needed over는 그 반대겠지 뭐..

Answer 287

America's subsidies and trade barriers were long defended by senators from over-represented, underpopulated rural states (and protected by the fact that corn-loving Iowa holds the first presidential caucuses). M. an underpopulated area has very few people living in it, especially with the result that there are not enough people to do all the work

Answer 288

America's subsidies and trade barriers were long defended by senators from over-represented, underpopulated rural states (and protected by the fact that corn-loving Iowa holds the first presidential caucuses). L. [countable] a meeting of the members of a political party to choose people to represent them in a larger meeting, election etc M. a meeting in some US states of members of a political party to choose who will represent the party in the election for President

Answer 289

N. But the corn lobby's influence is waning. R138) I don’t care how many factory jobs have been lost, it still doesn’t make sense to drop out of high school. The influences that lead so many to do so are much deeper and more complicated than anything that can be grasped in an economic model or populist slogan. V. The Ohio researcher said that some of his subjects were "greatly influenced by the pleasant appearance or smile, but for some the smile denotes intelligence and for others it denotes feeble-mindedness." MN1. [countable/uncountable] the effect that a person or thing has on someone's decisions, opinions, or behaviour or on the way something happens MV. [transitive] to affect the way that someone thinks or behaves, or to affect the way that something happens

Answer 290

But the corn lobby's influence is waning. [intransitive] to become gradually weaker or less important [SYN] decrease, fade

Answer 291

Ethanol tax-credits cost $6 billion in 2011: a hard sell in hard times. L. American English [singular] if an idea is a hard sell, it is difficult to get people to accept it

Answer 292

Corn prices are high, making this a good moment for American corn-growers to start paying for their enormous pickups unaided. (formal) without help from anyone or anything

Answer 293

1. If ethanol is ever to become a globally traded commodity—the long-term dream of boosters in both countries—the two sides need to make common cause. 2. R142) Given scanty budgets and staff cuts, Mr McLennan Murray thinks Britain should follow America’s lead in training fit prisoners as carers. Others say prison should be seen as a scarce commodity. The American Civil Liberties Union, a lobby group, wants fairer medical parole to discharge frail prisoners early. Electronic monitoring may work if the risk of reoffending is low. Governments need to hurry: doing time ages inmates at twice the natural rate. 1. (economics) a product or a raw material that can be bought and sold M1. [countable] something that can be bought and sold, especially a basic food product or fuel 2. (formal) a thing that is useful or has a useful quality

Answer 294

If ethanol is ever to become a globally traded commodity—the long-term dream of boosters in both countries—the two sides need to make common cause. a person who gives their support to somebody/something, especially in politics

Answer 295

If ethanol is ever to become a globally traded commodity—the long-term dream of boosters in both countries—the two sides need to make common cause. R134) The idea that the state should subsidise giving to good causes is resilient, but not easily justified O) a good cause(= an organization that does good work, such as a charity) 3. [countable] an organization or idea that people support or fight for

Answer 296

On other biofuels, for example in the aviation industry, they already are, with America's Boeing partnering with Brazil's Embraer. [uncountable] the designing, building and flying of aircraft

Answer 297

At present America's corn-ethanol producers distil 14 billion US gallons (53 billion litres) a year—enough to provide 10% of America's motoring needs and meet federal rules for renewable-fuel use. And in 2011 it cut taxes on petrol, but not ethanol, and reduced the mandatory blend of ethanol mixed with standard motoring fuel, thereby reducing demand. [only before noun] connected with driving a car

Answer 298

At present America's corn-ethanol producers distil 14 billion US gallons (53 billion litres) a year—enough to provide 10% of America's motoring needs and meet federal rules for renewable-fuel use. 1. [usually before noun] (of energy and natural resources) that is replaced naturally or controlled carefully and can therefore be used without the risk of finishing it all

Answer 299

Under the 2007 Energy Independence Act biofuel use is supposed to rise to 36 billion US gallons by 2022, of which 21 billion US gallons must come from a source other than cornstarch. M2. except for someone or something

Answer 300

Under the 2007 Energy Independence Act biofuel use is supposed to rise to 36 billion US gallons by 2022, of which 21 billion US gallons must come from a source other than cornstarch. [uncountable] fine white flour made from corn ( maize ), used especially for making sauces thicker

Answer 301

A few experimental options, such as biodiesel made from algae, look close to commercial viability, says Andy Steinhubl of Bain & Company, a consultancy. viable: that can be done; that will be successful [SYN] feasible

Answer 302

A few experimental options, such as biodiesel made from algae, look close to commercial viability, says Andy Steinhubl of Bain & Company, a consultancy. [countable] a company that gives expert advice on a particular subject to other companies or organizations

Answer 303

But their coming has been heralded before and proved premature, he adds. (formal) herald somebody/something (as something) [often passive] to say in public that somebody/something is good or important

Answer 304

But their coming has been heralded before and proved premature, he adds. happening or made too soon

Answer 305

So the only contender right now is sugarcane ethanol. L. [countable] someone or something that is in competition with other people or things

Answer 306

Before Brazil's sugarcane growers can take advantage of this new market they need to make up lost ground. O1. to make use of something well; to make use of an opportunity

Answer 307

Before Brazil's sugarcane growers can take advantage of this new market they need to make up lost ground. M7. [uncountable] the level of success or progress that someone or something has achieved U) lose/gain/regain ground

Answer 308

Last year the country crushed 555m tonnes of sugarcane, with 150m tonnes of mill capacity left unused. O3. [transitive] crush something to break something into small pieces or into a powder by pressing hard

Answer 309

Last year the country crushed 555m tonnes of sugarcane, with 150m tonnes of mill capacity left unused. In the longer term, new plantations, sugar-mills and distilleries will be required. 2. (often in compounds) a factory that produces a particular type of material

Answer 310

Planting is picking up again, says Mr Jank, and the spare capacity will not remain idle for long. L135) In fact, the frenzy is picking up so much now, they’re expecting 13 million an hour tickets to be sold later tonight going into those final hours tomorrow. T) a pickup in the nation's economy O. to get better, stronger, etc; to improve O. pickup: [countable] pickup (in something) an improvement

Answer 311

adj. Planting is picking up again, says Mr Jank, and the spare capacity will not remain idle for long. V. L132) So if driving less isn’t really an option for you, here’s a tip. Don’t let your car idle. Letting your car warm up for just 10 minutes is basically the same as letting it run for - rather driving for five straight miles. You’re burning a lot of gas. Oadj2. (of machines, factories, etc.) not in use V2. [intransitive] (of an engine) to run slowly while the vehicle is not moving [SYN] tick over

Answer 312

Planting is picking up again, says Mr Jank, and the spare capacity will not remain idle for long. O. for (such) a long time

Answer 313

In the longer term, new plantations, sugar-mills and distilleries will be required. a large area of land, especially in a hot country, where crops such as coffee, sugar, rubber, etc. are grown

Answer 314

He predicts efficiency gains as well, with increasing use of smarter techniques such as crop rotation and the greater use of bagasse (the part of the cane left after the sugar is extracted) for generating electricity and feeding cattle. [uncountable, countable] the act of regularly changing the thing that is being used in a particular situation, or of changing the person who does a particular job *crop rotation/the rotation of crops(= changing the crop that is grown on an area of land in order to protect the soil)

Answer 315

He predicts efficiency gains as well, with increasing use of smarter techniques such as crop rotation and the greater use of bagasse (the part of the cane left after the sugar is extracted) for generating electricity and feeding cattle. C. [NOUN] the pulp remaining after the extraction of juice from sugar cane or similar plants: used as fuel and for making paper, etc

Answer 316

He predicts efficiency gains as well, with increasing use of smarter techniques such as crop rotation and the greater use of bagasse (the part of the cane left after the sugar is extracted) for generating electricity and feeding cattle. R139) Radioactive fission products were released and hydrogen was generated by chemical reaction. The reactor containments were partially effective, although they were damaged by hydrogen explosions and possibly by molten fuel. O. generate something to produce or create something

Answer 317

A long-mooted pipeline carrying ethanol from Brazil's central and southern sugar-growing regions to Santos, its largest port, might finally get built. O. [usually passive] moot something (formal) to suggest an idea for people to discuss [SYN] propose, put forward

Answer 318

A long-mooted pipeline carrying ethanol from Brazil's central and southern sugar-growing regions to Santos, its largest port, might finally get built. O. a series of pipes that are usually underground and are used for carrying oil, gas, etc. over long distances

Answer 319

In recent years Brazil's government has made investment in the sector less attractive by fiddling with the price of fuel, Mr Nassar says. R134) In Europe some countries in which generous state provision of services has been the norm, such as Sweden, have recently begun to experiment with tax incentives to boost the charitable sector. O1. a part of an area of activity, especially of a country's economy M1. [countable] (economics) a part of a country's economic or business activity

Answer 320

In recent years Brazil's government has made investment in the sector less attractive by fiddling with the price of fuel, Mr Nassar says. M1a. to touch, move, or change something many times in order to improve it or make it work better O1. to keep touching something or making small changes to something because you are not satisfied with it

Answer 321

To help control inflation it pressured Petrobras, the country's state-controlled oil giant, to keep petrol prices low, thereby capping the price of ethanol. (British English) (North American English gas, gasoline) [uncountable] a liquid obtained from petroleum, used as fuel in car engines, etc

Answer 322

To help control inflation it pressured Petrobras, the country's state-controlled oil giant, to keep petrol prices low, thereby capping the price of ethanol. And in 2011 it cut taxes on petrol, but not ethanol, and reduced the mandatory blend of ethanol mixed with standard motoring fuel, thereby reducing demand. (formal) used to introduce the result of the action or situation mentioned

Answer 323

V. To help control inflation it pressured Petrobras, the country's state-controlled oil giant, to keep petrol prices low, thereby capping the price of ethanol. N. In his March budget Mr Osborne proposed a cap on the sum that rich people can deduct from their taxes thanks to their charitable donations, framing it as part of a strategy to crack down on wealthy tax dodgers. V. [often passive] cap something (especially British English) to limit the amount of money that can be charged for something or spent on something N6. an upper limit on an amount of money that can be spent or borrowed by a particular institution or in a particular situation

Answer 324

And in 2011 it cut taxes on petrol, but not ethanol, and reduced the mandatory blend of ethanol mixed with standard motoring fuel, thereby reducing demand. (formal) required by law [SYN] compulsory

Answer 325

Access to a big foreign market should be the pick-me-up Brazil's ethanol producers need to start spending again. (여기서 spend는 설비 등등 투자하는 데에 돈을 쓴다는 뜻으로 쓰임.) L143) It used to be just our morning coffee or tea or a cola that gave us that pick-me-up buzz. But the success of energy drinks is now spreading the sprinkling of caffeine. (informal) something that makes you feel better, happier, healthier, etc, especially medicine or an alcoholic drink (쉬운 말로 쓰면 booster: O4. a thing that helps, encourages or improves somebody/something. 힘이 난다!)

Answer 326

One thing that refuses to go away from my mind about their elections was quite a number of houses, cars and windows had signs, flags and other ornaments on them rooting for their favorite candidate. 1. [countable] (especially British English) an object that is used as decoration in a room, garden/yard, etc. rather than for a particular purpose

Answer 327

One thing that refuses to go away from my mind about their elections was quite a number of houses, cars and windows had signs, flags and other ornaments on them rooting for their favorite candidate. M. to support someone in a game, competition etc O. [no passive] (usually used in the progressive tenses) (informal) to support or encourage somebody in a sports competition or when they are in a difficult situation

Answer 328

On weekends, the campaigns took over the downtown making me feel like there was some sort of a festival going on. M. [transitive] to take control of something (약간 비유적 느낌으로 쓰인 듯)

Answer 329

Oscar Arias, who had won the Nobel Peace Prize for his role in establishing peace in Central America took office as president of Costa Rica. R132) People who get their economic analysis from the likes of the Heritage Foundation have been waiting ever since President Obama took office for budget deficits to send interest rates soaring. Any day now! R144) "He deflected critics with humor. Most recently in February, munching donuts on Letterman. That stunt brought fire from a former White House doctor." - "I worry about this man dying in office." (in office는 사무실에서 죽는다는 게 아니라 임기 중에 죽는다는 의미. 사무실에서 죽는다고 얘기하면 in the office로 함.) 6. [uncountable, countable] an important position of authority, especially in government; the work and duties connected with this

Answer 330

And now we want to show you some surprising new videos which reveal that a woman in the passenger seat is at greater risk than a man in a car crash. KE0926) Stripping consumers of that right is dangerous and puts their health at risk. in danger of something unpleasant or harmful happening

Answer 331

She’s 4’ 11” (four foot eleven), significantly smaller than her male counterpart. O. a person or thing that has the same position or function as somebody/something else in a different place or situation [SYN] opposite number M. someone or something that has the same job or purpose as another person or thing, but in a different country, time, situation, or organization

Answer 332

And this dummy is teaching us something startling. Women run a greater risk of being hurt in frontal and side crashes. O. extremely unusual and surprising

Answer 333

And this dummy is teaching us something startling. Women run a greater risk of being hurt in frontal and side crashes. O. to be in a situation in which something bad could happen to you

Answer 334

Women run a greater risk of being hurt in frontal and side crashes. [only before noun] connected with the front of something

Answer 335

T) a head-on crash [only before noun] in which the front part of one vehicle hits the front part of another vehicle

Answer 336

The male dummy is in the driver’s seat. to be the person in control of a situation (여기서는 그냥 운전석 얘기지만 이게 숙어로 쓰인다고 해서 암기단어됨.)

Answer 337

When the car hits the wall, you see him lunge forward to meet the airbag which deflates, burying his face and absorbing the impact. [intransitive] lunge (at/towards/for somebody/something)| lunge (forward) to make a sudden powerful forward movement, especially in order to attack somebody or take hold of something

Answer 338

When the car hits the wall, you see him lunge forward to meet the airbag which deflates, burying his face and absorbing the impact. O1. [transitive, intransitive] deflate (something) to let air or gas out of a tyre, balloon, etc; to become smaller because of air or gas coming out

Answer 339

When the car hits the wall, you see him lunge forward to meet the airbag which deflates, burying his face and absorbing the impact. 5. bury something to cover something so that it cannot be seen

Answer 340

So the airbag ends up hitting her, and does not deflate, pushing her head down, snapping her neck back. 2. [intransitive, transitive] to move, or to move something, into a particular position quickly, especially with a sudden sharp noise

Answer 341

Watch it again, keeping in mind that a woman’s neck is generally less muscular than a man’s. So the threat of the injury is greater. R134) “It must be borne in mind,” Britain's chancellor of the exchequer told the House of Commons in his budget speech, “that in every case exemption means a relief to A at the charge of B.” to remember somebody/something; to remember or consider that…

Answer 342

Watch it again, keeping in mind that a woman’s neck is generally less muscular than a man’s. So the threat of the injury is greater. L59) Quitting smoking is generally something to celebrate, but for many ex-smokers there is a heavy price to pay on the scales. 2. in most cases [SYN] as a rule

Answer 343

Watch it again, keeping it mind that a woman’s neck is generally less muscular than a man’s. So the threat of the injury is greater. O2. having large strong muscles

Answer 344

2. Watch it again, keeping it mind that a woman’s neck is generally less muscular than a man’s. So the threat of the injury is greater. L129) So I think it’s much more important to them, much more logical for them to try and put at threat U.S. forces in the region, not to, you know, seriously threaten the United States with an intercontinental ballistic missile. (put at threat때문에. 원래 put U.S. forces in the region at threat 이 뜻인데 put at threat을 먼저 써버린 거.) R134) But this change, and established tax incentives elsewhere, may be under threat, according to Luc Tayart de Borms, who runs the King Baudouin Foundation in Belgium. “There is a danger that populist politicians across Europe will look at what is happening in Britain and say, if even the British are going after charitable tax breaks for the rich, why don't we?” L141) A famously provocative Arizona sheriff may have been very close to a very big threat on his life today. A package packed with explosives spotted by a vigilant postal worker. ABC’s senior justice correspondent Pierre Thomas on how the sheriff says someone wanted him dead. R143) Many experts say that the North’s new leader, Kim Jong-un, is looking to enhance his political position, not start a war. But there is a huge and growing risk of miscalculation. There is also every reason to believe that adding the threat of nuclear weapons from the South would inflame the situation, not calm it. O1. L141) Arizona sheriff Joe Arpaio whose tough stance on illegal immigration has made him a controversial national figure routinely receives threats. O2. [uncountable, countable, usually singular] the possibility of trouble, danger or disaster * under threat: M1. likely to be harmed or damaged O1. [countable, uncountable] threat (to do something) a statement in which you tell somebody that you will punish or harm them, especially if they do not do what you want

Answer 345

Now car companies are required to give not just an overall safety rating, but a specific one for women in the front passenger seat. O1. [countable] a measurement of how good, popular, important, etc. somebody/something is, especially in relation to other people or things

Answer 346

Video surveillance constitutes over half the country's huge security industry, and is expected to reach 500 billion yuan ($79 billion) in 2015. O. [uncountable] the act of carefully watching a person suspected of a crime or a place where a crime may be committed [SYN] observation

Answer 347

In 2010 the city of Chongqing, governed by the now-disgraced Bo Xilai, ordered 500,000. O1. [transitive, intransitive] govern (something) to legally control a country or its people and be responsible for introducing new laws, organizing public services, etc

Answer 348

In 2010 the city of Chongqing, governed by the now-disgraced Bo Xilai, ordered 500,000. O2. be disgraced to lose the respect of people, usually so that you lose a position of power

Answer 349

Video surveillance constitutes over half the country's huge security industry, and is expected to reach 500 billion yuan ($79 billion) in 2015. O2. (formal) linking verb + noun (not used in the progressive tenses) to be the parts that together form something [SYN] make up

Answer 350

문장 없음 걍 샘이 설명해주신 거라 constituent: 1. a person who lives, and can vote in a constituency constituency: 1. [countable] a district that elects its own representative to parliament

Answer 351

T) LG overtook Samsung as the company with the largest market capitalization in Korea. M. a way of measuring the value of a company calculated by multiplying the number of the company's shares by their price on the stock market

Answer 352

2. Yet China is far from alone. In many democracies surveillance cameras are multiplying, too. 1. [uncountable] a system of government in which all the people of a country can vote to elect their representatives 2. [countable] a country which has this system of government

Answer 353

2. And face-recognition technology is proving a wonder tool for both governments and marketers. R129) The famine of the late 1990s engendered unprecedented cynicism towards the regime, as well as survival mechanisms that have proved more durable than the state's capacity to stamp them out. 2. linking verb if something proves dangerous, expensive, etc. or if it proves to be dangerous, etc, you discover that it is dangerous, etc. over a period of time [SYN] turn out

Answer 354

1. Heathrow airport is installing systems to track passengers through lounges and onto the plane. Nicholas Bequelin, a researcher for Human Rights Watch, another NGO, says authorities installed thousands of cameras in Xinjiang province, in China, after riots there in 2009. L143) Workers this week used a torch to move the flame, carrying it off to a temporary burner. It will stay there on view for tourists for about three weeks, while new gas lines and burners are installed in the original location. 3. L131) As the Republicans turned up the heat, President Obama pulled off a kind of political end run in Congress today, installing former Ohio attorney general Richard Cordray as the head of the powerful new Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, a move that sent a jolt among Republicans. 1. install something to fix equipment or furniture into position so that it can be used 3. install somebody (as something) to put somebody in a new position of authority, often with an official ceremony

Answer 355

Brazil has plans to equip police with camera-spectacles that can identify troublemakers at the 2014 World Cup. R142) Japan’s Onomichi prison has equipped geriatric cells with rubber floors for the incontinent and ramps for the disabled. 1. to provide yourself/somebody/something with the things that are needed for a particular purpose or activity [SYN] kit out

Answer 356

Brazil has plans to equip police with camera-spectacles that can identify troublemakers at the 2014 World Cup. 1. spectacles [plural] (formal) = glasses

Answer 357

Brazil has plans to equip police with camera-spectacles that can identify troublemakers at the 2014 World Cup. a person who often causes trouble, especially by involving others in arguments or encouraging them to complain about people in authority

Answer 358

As for businesses, Quividi, a French marketer, can measure the age and gender of passers-by who linger at an advert; advertisers vary their offerings based on who is looking. L135) As for who’s playing, slightly more men than women, although women who do play spend more money than men. used to start talking about somebody/something [SYN] regarding

Answer 359

As for businesses, Quividi, a French marketer, can measure the age and gender of passers-by who linger at an advert; advertisers vary their offerings based on who is looking. [plural passers-by] a person who is going past somebody/something by chance, especially when something unexpected happens

Answer 360

As for businesses, Quividi, a French marketer, can measure the age and gender of passers-by who linger at an advert; advertisers vary their offerings based on who is looking. [intransitive] =advertisement

Answer 361

As for businesses, Quividi, a French marketer, can measure the age and gender of passers-by who linger at an advert; advertisers vary their offerings based on who is looking. O1. something that is produced for other people to use, watch, enjoy, etc

Answer 362

3. In 2010, in an assessment by America's National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), the best program matched 92% of mugshots to one out of 1.6m pictures. 6. Privacy-loving European countries are less easy-going, and usually require cameras to be matched with signs to tell people they are being watched. M2. R132) It’s true that foreigners now hold large claims on the United States, including a fair amount of government debt. But every dollar’s worth of foreign claims on America is matched by 89 cents’ worth of U.S. claims on foreigners. R10) Though Harry Houdini died more than 75 years ago, the man and his tricks have never been matched. 3. [transitive] match somebody/something (to/with somebody/something) to find somebody/something that goes together with or is connected with another person or thing 6. [transitive] match something to provide something that is suitable for or enough for a particular situation M2. [transitive] to be equal to something else in amount or level O4. [transitive] match somebody/something to be as good, interesting, successful, etc. as somebody/something else [SYN] equal

Answer 363

In 2010, in an assessment by America's National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), the best program matched 92% of mugshots to one out of 1.6m pictures. [intransitive] a photograph of somebody's face kept by the police in their records to identify criminals

Answer 364

Such results require high-quality still photos, stresses NIST's Jonathon Phillips. 1. not moving; calm and quiet

Answer 365

1. Such results require high-quality still photos, stresses NIST's Jonathon Phillips. R130) Perhaps China has also been applying pressure. It has propped up the Kims, if only to protect the buffer state that separates it from the American troops garrisoned in South Korea. But it has stressed that the North needs to follow the trail it blazed a little over 30 years ago when it set about reform. L142) So experts stress to all parents and grandparents, you are the last line of defense. 1. [transitive] to emphasize a fact, an idea, etc

Answer 366

1. But progress continues on fuzzier moving images. The error rate halves every two years- and not just in the West. R5) By this time, the work session was over and it was time for lunch. So the girls made very little progress, and I was wondering if I had made a big mistake. 1. [uncountable] the process of improving or developing, or of getting nearer to achieving or completing something

Answer 367

In the 2010 NIST tests Chinese entrants lagged behind, identifying just 64% of images. (기사 찾아보니까 스마트폰 신제품을 latest entrant라고 함. 이거는 그 경쟁하고 있는 모델들을 말하는 듯.) M1. [countable] someone who enters a competition or examination O2. entrant (to something) a person or an animal that enters a race or a competition; a person that enters an exam

Answer 368

In the 2010 NIST tests Chinese entrants lagged behind, identifying just 64% of images. M1. [intransitive] to not be as successful or advanced as another person, organization, or group O1. [intransitive] lag (behind somebody/something)| lag (behind) to move or develop slowly or more slowly than other people, organizations, etc. [SYN] trail

Answer 369

But their systems are now “state of the art”, says Sharon Hom of Human Rights in China. Oadj. using the most modern or advanced techniques or methods; as good as it can be at the present time

Answer 370

3. System performance depends on the context. 1. R10) How can a performer top his own top performance? 3. [uncountable, countable] how well or badly you do something; how well or badly something works 1. [countable] the act of performing a play, concert or some other form of entertainment

Answer 371

System performance depends on the context. (not used in the progressive tenses) to be affected or decided by something

Answer 372

Controlled environments, such as jails, are ideal. O1. done or arranged in a very careful way M2. organized in a way that is likely to produce accurate results

Answer 373

An experiment in Mainz railway station in Germany got steady shots by mounting cameras over escalators (although the recognition rate only reached 60%). 2. a system of tracks, together with the trains that run on them, and the organization and people needed to operate them

Answer 374

3. An experiment in Mainz railway station in Germany got steady shots by mounting cameras over escalators (although the recognition rate only reached 60%). L142) Robo-surgery has been hailed as a major medical breakthrough with claims that highly precise robots are steadier than the human hand. 1. L135) I’m at a newsstand on Manhattan’s West Side where there’s been a steady stream of people coming in to buy lottery tickets. 3. firmly fixed, supported or balanced; not shaking or likely to fall down 1. developing, growing, etc. gradually and in an even and regular way [SYN] constant M2. slowly and gradually continuing to change, move, or happen L1. continuing or developing gradually or without stopping, and not likely to change

Answer 375

5. An experiment in Mainz railway station in Germany got steady shots by mounting cameras over escalators (although the recognition rate only reached 60%). 2. L139) There are already two nuclear reactors at the site in East Georgia. This would add a third and a fourth reactor both up and running in the next 5 years. On the Internet, the opposition is already mounting. Families near the plant are already threatening a lawsuit challenging the decision. 5. [transitive] mount something (on/onto/in something) to fix something into position on something, so that you can use it, look at it or study it 2. [intransitive] to increase gradually L2. [intransitive usually in progressive] to increase gradually in amount or degree:

Answer 376

More cameras and better face recognition raise tricky legal and political questions. 1. (rather informal) difficult to do or deal with

Answer 377

America places little restriction on the use of face recognition, as legal precedent denies the “reasonable expectation of privacy” in public. 1. [countable, uncountable] an official action or decision that has happened in the past and that is seen as an example or a rule to be followed in a similar situation later

Answer 378

America places little restriction on the use of face recognition, as legal precedent denies the “reasonable expectation of privacy” in public. 법률 용어. 너가 계좌 번호를 입력하거나 했을 경우 너는 그 정보가 정부와 공유되어도 상관없다고 간주된다. 이러는 게 deny the reasonable expectation of privacy 한 것. 이 경우는 너가 얼굴 들이밀고 밖에 나가서 활보하는 건 face recognition의 위험을 감수하는 것과 마찬가지라고 한 것.

Answer 379

America places little restriction on the use of face recognition, as legal precedent denies the “reasonable expectation of privacy” in public. And America's Supreme Court is uneasy with technology that enables the persistent tracking of individuals in public. (이 정의가 맞는지 잘 모르겠음) R129) Vicious factional fighting or family squabbles may rage behind the scenes, but the staging of his father's funeral on December 28th was designed to show that, in public, the regime has fallen into line behind the son, with his uncle and aunt as regents. M. if you do something in public, people in general hear about it or see it L. if you do something in public, you do it where anyone can see [≠ in private]

Answer 380

But Harley Geiger of the Centre for Democracy & Technology, an advocacy group, says the technology goes beyond normal public scrutiny and could create a world where everyone, in effect, becomes “a public figure”. O. a group of people who work together to achieve something, especially by putting pressure on the government, etc, usually on behalf of people who are unable to speak for themselves M. a group of people who work to support an issue or protect and defend a group of people

Answer 381

But Harley Geiger of the Centre for Democracy & Technology, an advocacy group, says the technology goes beyond normal public scrutiny and could create a world where everyone, in effect, becomes “a public figure”. (내 생각엔 일반 대중이 기술을 철저히 검토할 수 없다는 뜻으로 쓰인 듯. 구글에서 went beyond public scrutiny 검색했더니 Besides, the case went beyond public scrutiny; the parole board is not supposed to respond to the world outside. 이런 문장 나옴.) M2. go beyond something to refer to, deal with, or include more things than something L. to be much better, worse, more serious etc than something else

Answer 382

But Harley Geiger of the Centre for Democracy & Technology, an advocacy group, says the technology goes beyond normal public scrutiny and could create a world where everyone, in effect, becomes “a public figure”. [uncountable] (formal) careful and thorough examination [SYN] inspection L. public scrutiny (=by the public)

Answer 383

But Harley Geiger of the Centre for Democracy & Technology, an advocacy group, says the technology goes beyond normal public scrutiny and could create a world where everyone, in effect, becomes “a public figure”. M1. used for giving a summary of what you think the situation really is O1. used when you are stating what the facts of a situation are

Answer 384

The industry is aware of reputational risks. Eric Schmidt, Google's chairman, has said that Google will limit its face-recognition services—to avoid “crossing the creepy line”. reputation: [countable, uncountable] the opinion that people have about what somebody/something is like, based on what has happened in the past

Answer 385

Eric Schmidt, Google's chairman, has said that Google will limit its face-recognition services—to avoid “crossing the creepy line”. O2. the person in charge of a committee, a company, etc

Answer 386

Eric Schmidt, Google's chairman, has said that Google will limit its face-recognition services—to avoid “crossing the creepy line”. M. to go beyond accepted limits or standards of behaviour

Answer 387

Eric Schmidt, Google's chairman, has said that Google will limit its face-recognition services—to avoid “crossing the creepy line”. O1. causing an unpleasant feeling of fear or slight horror [SYN] scary

Answer 388

Privacy-loving European countries are less easy-going, and usually require cameras to be matched with signs to tell people they are being watched. relaxed and happy to accept things without worrying or getting angry

Answer 389

Facebook's face recognition has already fallen foul of tough German privacy laws. O. to get into trouble with a person or an organization because of doing something wrong or illegal L. to do something which makes someone angry or which breaks a rule, with the result that you are punished

Answer 390

And America's Supreme Court is uneasy with technology that enables the persistent tracking of individuals in public. (also High Court) [singular] the highest court in a country or state

Answer 391

And America's Supreme Court is uneasy with technology that enables the persistent tracking of individuals in public. O1. feeling worried or unhappy about a particular situation, especially because you think that something bad or unpleasant may happen or because you are not sure that what you are doing is right [SYN] anxious

Answer 392

2. And America's Supreme Court is uneasy with technology that enables the persistent tracking of individuals in public. 1. R138) Libertarians congregated around a government-centric theory. Great Society programs enabled people to avoid work and gave young women an incentive to have children without marrying. O2. to make it possible for something to happen or exist by creating the necessary conditions [SYN] allow O1. enable somebody to do something to make it possible for somebody to do something [SYN] allow

Answer 393

And America's Supreme Court is uneasy with technology that enables the persistent tracking of individuals in public. O2. continuing for a long period of time without interruption, or repeated frequently, especially in a way that is annoying and cannot be stopped [SYN] unrelenting M2. continuing to exist, especially for longer than you would like

Answer 394

But losing public anonymity could affect political life. O4. concerned with power, status, etc. within an organization, rather than with matters of principle M3. relating to relationships of power that exist between people in an organization

Answer 395

1. Freedom of speech is reduced when mere physical attendance at protests goes on record. [only before noun] [superlative merest, no comparative] 1. used when you want to emphasize how small, unimportant, etc. somebody/something is

Answer 396

Freedom of speech is reduced when mere physical attendance at protests goes on record. protest: [uncountable, countable] the expression of strong disagreement with or opposition to something; a statement or an action that shows this protester: a person who makes a public protest [SYN] demonstrator

Answer 397

Freedom of speech is reduced when mere physical attendance at protests goes on record. 기록에 남는다는 걸 이렇게 씀.

Answer 398

1. Freedom of speech is reduced when mere physical attendance at protests goes on record. Kelly Gates, the author of a book on surveillance, sees a “chilling effect”. M2. T) The proposed law would have a chilling effect on freedom of expression. 1. frightening, usually because it is connected with something violent or cruel M2. American making something become less open, friendly, or easy than it was before

Answer 399

T) The news of his death sent a chill down my spine. 3. [singular] a feeling of fear

Answer 400

Still, even democratic governments will want to monitor people as technology improves. But losing public anonymity could affect political life. Freedom of speech is reduced when mere physical attendance at protests goes on record. Kelly Gates, the author of a book on surveillance, sees a “chilling effect”. Some countries welcome this. Nicholas Bequelin, a researcher for Human Rights Watch, another NGO, says authorities installed thousands of cameras in Xinjiang province, in China, after riots there in 2009. R6) Why? The reason I can think of is that these people are truly generous and open-minded. They are able to put aside differences and welcome the snake as a fellow living being. M2. to say that you approve of something that has happened or that you are pleased about it

Answer 401

Its strategy for stability, Mr Bequelin points out, is “to nip protests in the bud”. to stop something when it has just begun because you can see that problems will come from it

Answer 402

Laura Chinchilla, a George Town University graduate, served as vice president of the previous administration. O1. a person who has a university degree

Answer 403

Laura Chinchilla, a George Town University graduate, served as vice president of the previous administration. KE1029) To the astonishment of us all, teen suicide rates bear all this out. Last year alone, more than 200 elementary and secondary school students took their own lives, up 47% from the previous year. [only before noun] O1. happening or existing before the event or object that you are talking about [SYN] prior

Answer 404

As a versatile and experienced politician, she also served as Minister of Security, Minister of Justice and a lawmaker. O1. (approving) (of a person) able to do many different things M2. having a wide range of different skills and abilities

Answer 405

As a versatile and experienced politician, she also served as Minister of Security, Minister of Justice and a lawmaker. M. someone who is experienced has skill at something because they have done it a lot

Answer 406

O) a seasoned campaigner/performer/traveller, etc. 1. [usually before noun] (of a person) having a lot of experience of a particular activity

Answer 407

Still, she has also become a target of political attack from the opposition camp for the outgoing president’s ardent support for her. 5. [countable] a group of people who have the same ideas about something and oppose people with other ideas

Answer 408

Still, she has also become a target of political attack from the opposition camp for the outgoing president’s ardent support for her. 2. [only before noun] leaving the position of responsibility mentioned [OPP] incoming

Answer 409

Still, she has also become a target of political attack from the opposition camp for the outgoing president’s ardent support for her. [usually before noun] very enthusiastic and showing strong feelings about something/somebody [SYN] passionate

Answer 410

2. Indeed, she’s been often called a ‘puppet’ of Mr. Arias whose political stripe neatly overlaps with hers. 1. R59) A wooden stage is built in the shade of trees. That is the place where actors perform. They do magic shows and puppet shows. 2. (usually disapproving) a person or group whose actions are controlled by another 1. a model of a person or an animal that can be made to move, for example by pulling strings attached to parts of its body or by putting your hand inside it. A puppet with strings is also called a marionette/ˌmæriəˈnet/

Answer 411

Indeed, she’s been often called a ‘puppet’ of Mr. Arias whose political stripe neatly overlaps with hers. 3. a type, category or opinion

Answer 412

V. Indeed, she’s been often called a ‘puppet’ of Mr. Arias whose political stripe neatly overlaps with hers. N. L136) You know, there’s two sides of this. One is that it’s interesting to see the different overlaps of parts of our lives, intersecting with one another. But for the most part, you know, friending the boss is a sticky dangerous kind of situation. And I don’t advocate for it. V4. [intransitive, transitive] to cover part of the same area of interest, knowledge, responsibility, etc M2c. if ideas or opinions overlap, they are similar in some ways but not in every way N1. [countable, uncountable] overlap (between something and something) a shared area of interest, knowledge, responsibility, etc

Answer 413

As we just heard, the big concern here isn’t just for this long-range rocket launch. 1. [usually singular] the action of launching something; an event at which something is launched

Answer 414

It’s that North Korea will follow the launch with another underground nuclear test. [only before noun] 1. under the surface of the ground

Answer 415

But this time around, Pyongyang may have a more urgent need for such a test. R132) And through most of 2011, as in 2010, almost all the conversation in Washington was about something else: the allegedly urgent issue of reducing the budget deficit. 1. that needs to be dealt with or happen immediately [SYN] pressing

Answer 416

adv. As NPR’s Mike Shuster reports, the bomb is likely the result of a significant expansion of its weapons program. R124) Many were based overseas, so their sales to Americans were illegal; others did not require doctors’ prescriptions. And some were very likely peddling dangerous counterfeit drugs. R124) Nonetheless, American pharmacists will most likely lose some business, and they will lobby hard against such a change. adj. At the same time, it is likely North Korean engineers have been working to build a warhead that could be carried on a missile like the one currently on the launch pad. R135) And lottery officials are saying that it’s very likely that so many people bought lottery tickets that every possible combination of six digits has been played, which means, Diane, that someone has to win tomorrow night. adv. O. as likely as not | most/very likely : very probably M. probably adj. L1. something that is likely will probably happen or is probably true [≠ unlikely] M1. probably going to happen, or probably true O1. probable or expected

Answer 417

M3. Just a few days ago, they brought international correspondents to the rocket launch site in northwestern North Korea, let TV cameras take pictures of the rocket on the launch pad, as well as a device they said was the weather satellite they want to put into orbit. 2. 10DD1) Her big advice was to not be too consumed with romantic love. Friendships and work, she said, brought her the most happiness. 3. L139) Today the Southern Company which is building the two new reactors southeast of Atlanta joined some federal officials saying the new plant will bring jobs, will lower utility bills and will operate safely. M3. to make someone or something come to a place or be in a place L4.[always + adverb/preposition] if something brings people to a place, it makes them go there O2. to provide somebody/something with something O3. bring something to cause something

Answer 418

Just a few days ago, they brought international correspondents to the rocket launch site in northwestern North Korea, let TV cameras take pictures of the rocket on the launch pad, as well as a device they said was the weather satellite they want to put into orbit. (also launching pad) a platform from which a spacecraft, etc. is sent into the sky

Answer 419

Just a few days ago, they brought international correspondents to the rocket launch site in northwestern North Korea, let TV cameras take pictures of the rocket on the launch pad, as well as a device they said was the weather satellite they want to put into orbit. 궤도에 올려놓다

Answer 420

The director of the launch site, Jang Myeong-jin, dismissed suspicions that the rocket launch is really a disguised military missile test. 2. [countable] suspicion (that…) a feeling or belief that something is true, even though you have no proof

Answer 421

The director of the launch site, Jang Myeong-jin, dismissed suspicions that the rocket launch is really a disguised military missile test. L145) This former hospital worker who spoke exclusively to ABC news and asked us to disguise his identity, says he saw several patients put on buses, who were nowhere near ready for discharge, clearly unstable. O2. disguise something to hide something or change it, so that it cannot be recognized [SYN] conceal M1. to hide something such as your feelings or intentions

Answer 422

If it were a ballistic missile, it would have to be hidden in an underground chamber or it would need to be carried on board another vehicle for protection. ballistic missile: O. a missile that is fired into the air at a particular speed and angle in order to fall in the right place M. a type of missile that travels long distances and cannot be controlled after it has been launched guided missile: a missile that can be controlled while in the air by electronic equipment

Answer 423

If it were a ballistic missile, it would have to be hidden in an underground chamber or it would need to be carried on board another vehicle for protection. 5. [countable] a space under the ground which is almost completely closed on all sides

Answer 424

If it were a ballistic missile, it would have to be hidden in an underground chamber or it would need to be carried on board another vehicle for protection. T) a big piece of military cargo in on board the plane L. on a ship, plane, or spacecraft [= aboard]

Answer 425

Many North Korea watchers argue that North Korea’s effort to construct an effective three-stage rocket or missile is meant ultimately to reach targets in the United States. O. (often in compounds) a person who watches and studies somebody/something regularly

Answer 426

Many North Korea watchers argue that North Korea’s effort to construct an effective three-stage rocket or missile is meant ultimately to reach targets in the United States. [often passive] to build or make something such as a road, building or machine

Answer 427

Other experts believe the North Koreans have American targets in mind but closer to Korea in case of war. to be thinking of somebody/something, especially for a particular job, etc

Answer 428

Other experts believe the North Koreans have American targets in mind but closer to Korea in case of war. Dan Sneider, of Stanford University’s Asia Pacific research center, believes this is consistent with North Korean plans to prevent U.S. air and ground forces stationed in Okinawa and Guam from defending South Korea. in agreement with something; not contradicting something

Answer 429

Dan Sneider, of Stanford University’s Asia Pacific research center, believes this is consistent with North Korean plans to prevent U.S. air and ground forces stationed in Okinawa and Guam from defending South Korea. 1. [often passive] station somebody + adverb/preposition to send somebody, especially from one of the armed forces, to work in a place for a period of time

Answer 430

Their missile program, at least as they conceived of it early on, was intended to sort of neutralize the ability of the United States to intervene from bases in Japan, in support of the South Korean army. 안 와닿아서 최대한 많이.. O1. [transitive] (formal) to form an idea, a plan, etc. in your mind; to imagine something L1. [intransitive and transitive] formal to imagine a particular situation or to think about something in a particular way M2. [intransitive/transitive] [usually in negatives or questions] to imagine something or think of doing something

Answer 431

Their missile program, at least as they conceived of it early on, was intended to sort of neutralize the ability of the United States to intervene from bases in Japan, in support of the South Korean army. at an early stage of a situation, relationship, period of time, etc

Answer 432

Their missile program, at least as they conceived of it early on, was intended to sort of neutralize the ability of the United States to intervene from bases in Japan, in support of the South Korean army. 1. neutralize something to stop something from having any effect

Answer 433

Their missile program, at least as they conceived of it early on, was intended to sort of neutralize the ability of the United States to intervene from bases in Japan, in support of the South Korean army. 1. [intransitive] to become involved in a situation in order to improve or help it

Answer 434

Their missile program, at least as they conceived of it early on, was intended to sort of neutralize the ability of the United States to intervene from bases in Japan, in support of the South Korean army. 1. [intransitive] to become involved in a situation in order to improve or help it

Answer 435

Their missile program, at least as they conceived of it early on, was intended to sort of neutralize the ability of the United States to intervene from bases in Japan, in support of the South Korean army. (in support of 때문에 정리함) O1. [uncountable] encouragement and help that you give to somebody/something because you approve of them and want them to be successful

Answer 436

2. North Korea does not have an effective air force that could challenge U.S. air power in an actual conflict, so it looks to its missiles to do that job, says Sneider. (실제 전쟁에서 북한 공군은 미 공군에 대항할 만한 능력을 가지고 있지 못합니다.) 1. R129) Among the North Koreans who have greatest reason to resent the regime are rural dwellers too remote and impoverished to challenge it. L139) There are already two nuclear reactors at the site in East Georgia. This would add a third and a fourth reactor both up and running in the next 5 years. On the Internet, the opposition is already mounting. Families near the plant are already threatening a lawsuit challenging the decision. 3. R52) “I want to study wild animals,” Tara stated simply. Miss Eller challenged her. “There are many, many wild animals. Do you have any particular ones in mind?” L) Every teacher ought to be challenging kids to think about current issues. O2. to invite somebody to enter a competition, fight, etc; to suggest strongly that somebody should do something (especially when you think that they might be unwilling to do it) M2. to invite someone to compete or fight L2. to invite someone to compete or fight against you, or to try to win something 1. challenge something to question whether a statement or an action is right, legal, etc; to refuse to accept something [SYN] dispute 3. challenge somebody to test somebody's ability and skills, especially in an interesting way L3. to test the skills or abilities of someone or something [= stimulate]

Answer 437

North Korea does not have an effective air force that could challenge U.S. air power in an actual conflict, so it looks to its missiles to do that job, says Sneider. (formal) to rely on or expect somebody to provide something or do something

Answer 438

So I think it’s much more important to them, much more logical for them to try and put at threat U.S. forces in the region, not to, you know, seriously threaten the United States with an intercontinental ballistic missile. (of an action, event, etc.) seeming natural, reasonable or sensible

Answer 439

1. So I think it’s much more important to them, much more logical for them to try and put at threat U.S. forces in the region, not to, you know, seriously threaten the United States with an intercontinental ballistic missile. R134) There has been a sharp rise in demands from charities for so-called PILOTS (payments in lieu of taxes), which involve local governments threatening to withhold certain services from charities unless they “volunteer” to pay something into the government coffers (as they do, increasingly). L139) There are already two nuclear reactors at the site in East Georgia. This would add a third and a fourth reactor both up and running in the next 5 years. On the Internet, the opposition is already mounting. Families near the plant are already threatening a lawsuit challenging the decision. 3. R129) All this is altering the country in irreversible ways—and one of these days will threaten the regime's survival (see article). 2. T) Ultra-conservative Christians are a social menace, threatening to undermine social unity. 1. [transitive] to say that you will cause trouble, hurt somebody, etc. if you do not get what you want 3. [transitive] threaten something to be a danger to something [SYN] endanger, put at risk 2. [intransitive, transitive] to seem likely to happen or cause something unpleasant

Answer 440

So I think it’s much more important to them, much more logical for them to try and put at threat U.S. forces in the region, not to, you know, seriously threaten the United States with an intercontinental ballistic missile. [usually before noun]between continents

Answer 441

At the same time, activity has been detected at North Korea’s underground nuclear test site in the northeast of the country, suggesting preparations for another nuclear test are underway. L138) Some supermarkets like Albertsons and Big Y are bagging self-checkout altogether. But other stores are fighting back. They are now using cameras, once used to detect terrorists in an airport, to try to spot the checkout cheats. detect something to discover or notice something, especially something that is not easy to see, hear, etc

Answer 442

At the same time, activity has been detected at North Korea’s underground nuclear test site in the northeast of the country, suggesting preparations for another nuclear test are underway. R136) Remarkably, however, a powerful trend toward abandoning corporal punishment is already under way. O. [not before noun] (also underway) having started

Answer 443

North Korea has carried out two nuclear tests in the past, both using plutonium bombs. (plutonium/pluːˈtoʊniəm/) 2. to do and complete a task L1. to do something that needs to be organized and planned

Answer 444

M5. But North Korea stopped producing plutonium several years ago, and turned to uranium enrichment under production at the nuclear complex at Yongbyon. (정의 둘 중에 뭔지 모르겠음. 둘 다 넣어도 의미가 통해서. 쌤은 관심을 우라늄 농축으로 돌렸다고 말하심. 그냥 그렇게 생각하자.) M4. L132) And now we’re going to turn to the economy and a new sign today that Americans are in for a shock at the gas pump. L134) Ten years later, just 46% have them. And 46% of young drivers say they would choose Internet access over owning a car. Which is why Ford is now turning to Facebook, trying to get those young drivers to focus on their new Focus. M5. [transitive] turn to something to start doing something new or different from what you were doing before M4. [transitive] turn something to someone/something to direct your attention, thoughts etc towards someone or something L은 그냥 확인사살용 의미로.(M4, M5랑 비슷) L6. [intransitive and transitive] to start to think about, deal with, look at etc a particular person, thing, or subject, instead of what you were thinking about etc before

Answer 445

But North Korea stopped producing plutonium several years ago, and turned to uranium enrichment under production at the nuclear complex at Yongbyon. (uranium/juˈreɪniəm/) It’s this pattern of activities, including ongoing production of highly enriched uranium, that most worries Daryl Kimball. enrich: 1. to improve the quality of something, often by adding something to it

Answer 446

But North Korea stopped producing plutonium several years ago, and turned to uranium enrichment under production at the nuclear complex at Yongbyon. 1. a group of buildings of a similar type together in one place

Answer 447

At the same time, it is likely North Korean engineers have been working to build a warhead that could be carried on a missile like the one currently on the launch pad. the explosive part of a missile

Answer 448

At the same time, it is likely North Korean engineers have been working to build a warhead that could be carried on a missile like the one currently on the launch pad. at the present time

Answer 449

Before they deploy such a weapon, especially on a ballistic missile, I would think that their scientists and engineers, and the military, would want to proof-test that device. R143) The United States recently bolstered the deployment of ballistic missile defense warships in waters off the Korean Peninsula and on Friday, Defense Secretary Chuck Hagel announced that the Pentagon is enhancing America’s ability to defend itself from a North Korean nuclear missile attack by deploying up to 14 additional ground-based interceptors on the West Coast. deploy: 1. deploy somebody/something (technical) to move soldiers or weapons into a position where they are ready for military action deployment: [uncountable, countable]

Answer 450

2. Before they deploy such a weapon, especially on a ballistic missile, I would think that their scientists and engineers, and the military, would want to proof-test that device. 1. R143) The F.D.A.’s proposal is open for comment for 60 days. Independent analysts need to look hard at whether the F.D.A. should lower the bar for these drugs — or should demand a very high level of proof of safety and effectiveness before exposing still-healthy people to possible harm. 2. [uncountable] the process of testing whether something is true or a fact 1. [uncountable, countable] information, documents, etc. that show that something is true

Answer 451

There are simple designs that can be built and one can be quite confident that they will explode without nuclear testing. 2. feeling certain that something will happen in the way that you want or expect

Answer 452

But, in order to put a smaller device on a ballistic missile, most military planners would want to have a nuclear explosive proof-test. 2. a person who makes plans for a particular area of activity

Answer 453

In the past, North Korea has warned the West that it would carry out a test, if it were chastised by the UN Security Council, or new sanctions imposed. chastise somebody (for something/for doing something) (formal) to criticize somebody for doing something wrong

Answer 454

In the past, North Korea has warned the West that it would carry out a test, if it were chastised by the UN Security Council, or new sanctions imposed. T) the five permanent members of the UN Security Council the Security Council: (also the UN Security Council, the United Nations Security Council) [singular] the part of the United Nations that tries to keep peace and order in the world, consisting of representatives of fifteen countries

Answer 455

O) The UN Security Council unanimously adopted a resolution calling for a halt to hostilities. 1. [countable] a formal statement of an opinion agreed on by a committee or a council, especially by means of a vote

Answer 456

O) The British government used its veto to block the proposal. 1. [countable, uncountable] the right to refuse to allow something to be done, especially the right to stop a law from being passed or a decision from being taken

Answer 457

In the past, North Korea has warned the West that it would carry out a test, if it were chastised by the UN Security Council, or new sanctions imposed. [countable, usually plural] sanction (against somebody) an official order that limits trade, contact, etc. with a particular country, in order to make it do something, such as obeying international law

Answer 458

In the past, North Korea has warned the West that it would carry out a test, if it were chastised by the UN Security Council, or new sanctions imposed. Dan Sneider views claims like that as a smoke screen. - "I don’t think a third nuclear test would be a response to sanctions that are imposed. I think there’s probably something that they’ve been planning for a long time." something that you do or say in order to hide what you are really doing or intending

Answer 459

In the past, North Korea has warned the West that it would carry out a test, if it were chastised by the UN Security Council, or new sanctions imposed. Dan Sneider views claims like that as a smoke screen. - "I don’t think a third nuclear test would be a response to sanctions that are imposed. I think there’s probably something that they’ve been planning for a long time." [countable, uncountable] a reaction to something that has happened or been said

Answer 460

It’s this pattern of activities, including ongoing production of highly enriched uranium, that most worries Daryl Kimball. 2. [transitive] to make somebody/yourself anxious about somebody/something

Answer 461

A ballistic missile test launch followed by a nuclear test explosion, followed by uranium enrichment at Yongbyon and facilities probably beyond Yongbyon is a much more significant problem. O3. [countable] a place, usually including buildings, used for a particular purpose or activity M3. [countable] mainly American an area or building used for a particular purpose

Answer 462

But that appears to be the very path North Korea is on at the moment. 9DD2) The fact for which I’m immeasurably grateful and the very reason I felt it necessary to take responsibility for the actions. [only before noun] O1. used to emphasize that you are talking about a particular thing or person and not about another [SYN] actual

Answer 463

But that appears to be the very path North Korea is on at the moment. R130) Kim Jong Un appears to want stable foreign relations as he consolidates power. But if he really does end up taking a different path from his father, then he will need vast amounts of foreign support. L92) By November 2012, if we stay on the path that we’re on, just in time for the presidential election, American voters will be paying $5 a gallon for gasoline. (이대로 가다가는.) 3. a plan of action or a way of achieving something

Answer 464

But that appears to be the very path North Korea is on at the moment. M. now

Answer 465

1. To his many victims, and to anyone with a sense of justice, it is deeply wrong that Kim Jong Il died at liberty and of natural causes. R138) Murray neglects this research in his book. Meanwhile, his left-wing critics in the blogosphere have reverted to crude 1970s economic determinism: It’s all the fault of lost jobs. People who talk about behavior are blaming the victim. 1. a person who has been attacked, injured or killed as the result of a crime, a disease, an accident, etc

Answer 466

3. To his many victims, and to anyone with a sense of justice, it is deeply wrong that Kim Jong Il died at liberty and of natural causes. 2. Hardest for an outsider to grasp is that the Kim personality cult flows from powerful myths about race and history. Above all is North Koreans' sense of racial purity. R135) And that’s what seems to be happening. The fundamentals of the world economy aren’t, in themselves, all that scary; it’s the almost universal abdication of responsibility that fills me, and many other economists, with a growing sense of dread. 6. R132) And that’s why nations with stable, responsible governments — that is, governments that are willing to impose modestly higher taxes when the situation warrants it — have historically been able to live with much higher levels of debt than today’s conventional wisdom would lead you to believe. Britain, in particular, has had debt exceeding 100 percent of G.D.P. for 81 of the last 170 years. When Keynes was writing about the need to spend your way out of a depression, Britain was deeper in debt than any advanced nation today, with the exception of Japan. Of course, America, with its rabidly antitax conservative movement, may not have a government that is responsible in this sense. But in that case the fault lies not in our debt, but in ourselves. 3. [singular] an understanding about something; an ability to judge something 2. [countable] a feeling about something important L2. [countable] a feeling about something 6. [countable] the meaning that a word or phrase has; a way of understanding something

Answer 467

To his many victims, and to anyone with a sense of justice, it is deeply wrong that Kim Jong Il died at liberty and of natural causes. 1. very; very much

Answer 468

To his many victims, and to anyone with a sense of justice, it is deeply wrong that Kim Jong Il died at liberty and of natural causes. (formal) (of a prisoner or an animal) no longer in prison or in a cage [SYN] free

Answer 469

The despot ran his country as a gulag. despot: a ruler with great power, especially one who uses it in a cruel way tyrant: a person who has complete power in a country and uses it in a cruel and unfair way [SYN] dictator

Answer 470

The despot ran his country as a gulag. gulag: OA2. any political labor camp concentration camp: a type of prison, often consisting of a number of buildings inside a fence, where political prisoners, etc. are kept in extremely bad conditions internment: M. [uncountable] the act of putting someone in a prison without officially accusing them of a crime, especially when this is done for political reasons concentration camp는 노동하고 internment camp는 노동 안 한다고 하심.

Answer 471

He spread more misery and poverty than any dictator in modern times, killing more of his countrymen in the camps or through needless malnutrition and famine than anyone since Pol Pot. (disapproving) a ruler who has complete power over a country, especially one who has gained it using military force

Answer 472

He spread more misery and poverty than any dictator in modern times, killing more of his countrymen in the camps or through needless malnutrition and famine than anyone since Pol Pot. a person born in or living in the same country as somebody else [SYN] compatriot

Answer 473

He spread more misery and poverty than any dictator in modern times, killing more of his countrymen in the camps or through needless malnutrition and famine than anyone since Pol Pot. O. needless death or suffering is not necessary because it could have been avoided [SYN] unnecessary M. used about something that could or should have been avoided

Answer 474

He spread more misery and poverty than any dictator in modern times, killing more of his countrymen in the camps or through needless malnutrition and famine than anyone since Pol Pot. [uncountable] a poor condition of health caused by a lack of food or a lack of the right type of food

Answer 475

He spread more misery and poverty than any dictator in modern times, killing more of his countrymen in the camps or through needless malnutrition and famine than anyone since Pol Pot. [countable, uncountable] a lack of food during a long period of time in a region

Answer 476

He spread more misery and poverty than any dictator in modern times, killing more of his countrymen in the camps or through needless malnutrition and famine than anyone since Pol Pot. 샐로스 사르는 캄보디아의 독립운동가, 군인,학살자, 독재정치인이다. 캄보디아의 공산주의 정당이었던 크메르 루주의 지도자이자 1976년에서 1979년까지 민주 캄푸치아 공화국의 총리였다. 흔히 폴 포트로 알려져 있는데 이는 이름이 아니라 영어의 Political Potential이나 프랑스어 Politique Potentielle를 줄인 말이다. 준말인 폴 포트가 어디에서 유래했는지는 불분명하다.