smoking cessation 2

Question 1

what is the umbrella organisation for the NHS for all aspects of tobacco work

Answer 1

Quit your way

Question 2

what is involved in the quit your way campaign

Answer 2

o Stop smoking
o Prevention
o Protection

Question 3

how long does it take nictoine to reach the brain

Answer 3

10 seconds

Question 4

what helps to reinforce smoking behaviour

Answer 4

oRush of endorphins and increase in dopamine reinforces smoking behaviour
Repetitive action reinforces smoking behaviour

Question 5

what is involved in the triangle of addiction of tobacco addiction

Answer 5

• emotional attachment
  > emotional attachment to their cigarette
• chemical addiction
  > nicotine
• habit
  > linked to certain events and at certain times
  > dont know how they’ll manage without cigarettes

Question 6

why do people smoke

Answer 6

	Enjoyment 
	Social with peers
	Relaxing and destress
	Helps concentrate 
	Addicted 
	Family/friends smoke

Question 7

what is in tobacco

Answer 7

o 4000 chemicals
 60 of which are known to cause cancer (carcinogenic)

o Nicotine
 highly addictive
 Harmless health wise but is addictive
 This is what keeps people smoking

o	Carbon monoxide 
 released when tobacco is burned 
	Clear odourless gas
	Highly poisonous 
	Causes many of the health problems 

o	Tar 
 thick, sticky
	Builds up in lungs 
	Made up of toxic chemical 
	Stains fingers and teeth 
	Lots of it in body

Question 8

what are the withdrawal symptoms of quitting tobacco

Answer 8

o Craving for a cigarette
 As dopamine levels reduce the body starts to look for the nicotine again to get hit

o Depression/low mood
 Many feel quite out of sorts

o Headaches

o Disturbed sleep

o Weight gain
 As metabolism slows down temporarily and many try to stop cravings with food

o Irritability

o Mouth ulcers
 Appear as chemicals in lining of mouth change

o Dizziness

o Lack of concentration

o Constipation

Question 9

what other products are linked to smoking

Answer 9

o Cannabis
o E-cigs /vapes
o Shisha/hookah

Question 10

what does shisa contain

Answer 10

nictoine

Question 11

a 45 minute shisha session has the equivalent smoke content to that of how many cigarettes in a row

Answer 11

10

Question 12

what are the effects of smoking on oral health

Answer 12

o Staining of teeth
 Causes by tar
 All chemical bind together to form the sticky glue-like substance

o Gum disease
 Poor immune systems
• More difficult to fight off gum disease
 Increase in bacterial plaque

o Tooth loss

o Oral cancers
 Often want to quit after having mouth cancers

o Halitosis

Question 13

what are the effects of smoking on the rest of the body

Answer 13

• stroke
• gum disease / tooth loss
• cancer
• narrowed arteries
• heart attacks
• COPD
• chest infections
• stomach ulcers
• wrinkling skin / ageing of skin
• osteoporosis
• reduced fertility
• miscarriage
• asthma

Question 14

what are the oral health risks associated with e-cigarettes

Answer 14

o Dry mouth
 From glycol

o Increase bacteria in mouth  glycerine

o Risk of soft tissue damage

o Leads to problems with tooth decay and gum disease

o But the effects of smoking are much worse than this so should smoke this instead if they are a smoker

Question 15

what gives the highest reading of CO

Answer 15

o Shisha pipe

Question 16

what are the benefits of stopping smoking

Answer 16

 Health benefits enormous

 CO returns to normal within 48 hours
• Can monitor this
• Patients love to see readings go down
• Can’t just now as of COVID as it is a breath test

 Nicotine leaves the body within 72 hours

 Breathing improves between 2 weeks and 3 months

 After 1 year the risk of CHD is half that of a smoker

 Financial benefits
• Costs £9/10 packet
• Cheap cigarettes are also not good
• And this is a big burden as most of the smokers are from SIMD 1

o Skin looks clearer and younger

o Chances of heart attacks or strokes decreases

o Food tastes better

Question 17

what support is available to quit

Answer 17

 NRT and Champix
• Works on nicotinic receptors on the brain to reduce satisfaction from nicotine to reduce the dose of dopamine to reduce the desire for a cigarette

 Behavioural support
• Needed for long term smokers

o Anyone who is trying to quit will be given a clean, safe form of nicotine in the form of patches or gum or any NRT

Question 18

what are the stop smoking support services

Answer 18

o Community clinics

o Hospital advisors
 When these patients come home, they are supported through telephone

o Mental health in-patient services

o Specialist pregnancy service

o Prison service
 Very busy
 Trained prison staff
 For inmates who can’t smoke during their sentences

o Community pharmacy setting
 Staff in local pharmacies are trained but the intervention they can provide is shorter and they are very busy at the moment

o Drop in services and health centres and sometimes in pharmacies
 Clients come along to weekly visits with advisor
 Arrange to pick up their NRT from local pharmacy

o At the moment, all of these services are offering telephone service only

Question 19

how do you give very brief advice

Answer 19

o ASK - do you smoke? Have you ever tried to quit?
o ADVISE - local services are available, and they are free
o ACT - make a referral or pass on some information