Small Mammals Flashcards
Baylisascaris procyonis
racoon roundworm
Bordetella bronchiseptica
small, Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium of the genus Bordetella.[1] It can cause infectious bronchitis in dogs and other animals
CAR bacillus in rat
gram negative bacterium that causes severe bronchiectasis, pulmonary abscesses, and atelectasis. It is found with Mycoplasma pulmonis when respiratory signs are evident in rats. It is not known if it can cause disease on its own.
Cheyletiella parasitovorax
rabbit fur mite and causes white flakes that resemble dandruff along dorsum
Cilia-associated respiraoty (CAR) bacillus infection in rats
associated with Mycoplasma pulmonis
Corynebacteria kutschemi
Pseudotuberculosis in rats (dyspnea, oculonasal discharge, rough hair coat, and hunched posture, usually subclinical), pneumonia in rats Impression smear shows the characteristics “Chinese character” formation. Culture of the bacteria or serology can diagnose the infection as well.
Daily water requirement for a rabbit
120 ml/kg
Dietary recommendations for a ferret
The diet should be low in fiber and carbohydrates. Ferrets are strict carnivores that depend on meat proteins and fats. They need a highly digestible diet due to their short GI transit time. They lack intestinal flora to break down complex carbohydrates and diets rich in carbohydrates will lead to protein or fat malnutrition. Ferrets also cannot tolerate large amounts of fiber. High levels of plant proteins are associated with urolithiasis. Ferrets should not be fasted for longer than 6 hours as they irritable; additionally, if they develop insulinomas (which are not uncommon), periods without food can result in severe, fatal hypoglycemia. A high-quality dry kitten food or commercial ferret diet is appropriate.
Encephalitozoan cuniculi
rabbit microsporidian parasite that causes neurologic and renal disease. The parasite directly infects the lenses of rabbits and causes phacoclastic cataracts and uveitis. Lens removal is the treatment required and steroids for the uveitis.
Ferret adrenal gland tumor treatment
Surgical removal
normal cortisol levels
Francisella tularensis
Causative agent of Tularemia, rabbit natural host and most commonly associated with zoonotic spread to humans.
Hamster lifespan
approximately 2 years
Insulinoma treatment in ferret
Medical management: prednisone and diazoxide alone or in combination. Dietary management with a high protein and low carbohydrate diet. Surgical removal of the tumor is also an option in otherwise healthy ferrets.
Lymphocytic choriomeningitis in mice
euthanize entire coloney
Murine respiratory mycoplasmosis – small rodents
nasal discharge and ataxia
Mycoplasma pulmonis in rat
found along with CAR bacillus
Myomavirus
virus that causes myxomatosis in rabbits and was used as a pest control in Australia. Contents
often fatal disease that affects domestic and wild rabbit populations. This disease is caused by the myxoma virus, a species of the poxvirus family
Proliferative bowl disease in ferret
Lawsonians, and intracellular bacteria. Treat with antibiotics, very susceptible to chloramphenicol
Psoroptes cuniculi
rabbit ear mite; causes severe crusting and inflammation of the external ear canals. Treatment is Ivermectin or selamectin.
Required to Chinchilla health
dust baths: every 1-2 days in order to maintain coat health. The dust bath should not be left in the enclosure at all time since frequent bathing may cause conjunctivitis. Chinchillas are heat-intolerant, keep enclosure above 80 F. Avoid cedar bedding as it can cause respiratory irritation.
Rotaviral infection in mice
Clinical signs: diarrhea with obstipation, affects young mice 1-3 weeks of age. Soft yellow feces that stain and dry around the anus, causing obstipation and death. Diagnosis based on clinical signs. Electron microscopy can be used for virus identification. Only treatment is to clean and remove impacted feces.
Sendai virus in mice
a negative sense, single-stranded RNA virus of the family Paramyxoviridae
highly transmissible respiratory tract infection in mice, hamsters, guinea pigs, rats, and occasionally pigs, and marmosets[3]with infection passing through both air and direct contact routes. The virus can be detected in mouse colonies worldwide, generally in suckling to young adult mice. Epizootic infections of mice are usually associated with a high mortality rate, while enzootic disease patterns suggest that the virus is latent and can be cleared over the course of a year
Transmissible Murine Colonic Hyperplasia in mice
mice 2-4 weeks of age, Citrobacter freundii stain 4280 gram negative enteric bacterium. Clinical signs: anorexia, dehydration, and diarrhea. Histopath shows thickening and inflammation of colonic mucosa. Adults show no signs. The disease is highly contagious but self-limiting. Treatment includes neomycin or tetracyclines
Treponema paraluis cuniculi
causative agent of rabbit syphilis
Trichobezoar
“wool block” a sort of hairball as a result of GI stasis (not a cuase)
Trichophyton mentagorphytes
ringworm in mice and rats
Tyzzers in hamster/rabbit
caused by Clostridium piliforme
Uterine Adenocarcinoma
a gland-like, malignant type of tumorthat arises from the secretory tissue that lines the inner cavity of the uterus, is one of the most common forms of cancer in rabbits, occurring in up to 60 percent of female rabbits over three years old
