Avian Pathogens Flashcards

1
Q

Avian encephalomyelitis prevention

A

vaccinate breeding animals at 10-15 weeks

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2
Q

Bartonella

A

bird, respiratory infection causing head shaking, sneezing, and rhinitis

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3
Q

Budgerigar feathers blue to brown

A

sertoli cell tumour

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4
Q

Cervical air sac rupture

A

rupture usually from a traumatic incident, air escapes from the air sacs and fill the subcutaneous space resulting in swelling of the neck.

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5
Q

Chlamydiosis in bird

A

respiratory infection causing head shaking, sneezing, and rhinitis

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6
Q

Chronic egg laying in cockatiel

A

Treat with Leuprolide acetate (Lupron) - gonadotropin releasing hormone (GNRH) analog and will shut down the production of reproductive hormones in birds, thus, will often stop ovulation in the layer hen. Female bird are capable of producing eggs (infertile) without the presence of a male, just as chickens do.

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7
Q

cutaneous xanthomatosis

A

discrete masses or diffuse, thickened areas of skin that are yellow-orange and dimpled in appearance. They are accumulations of fat and cholesterol and are most commonly found in cockatiels and budgies (and they are more often found in females)

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8
Q

Diabetes mellitus in Amazon parrot

A

Birds with diabetes mellitus have clinical signs and blood results similar to other animals including hyperglycemia, glucosuria and increased thirst and urine production. This is not an uncommon disease in captive birds and is likely due to poor diet, lack of exercise, poor condition and obesity. Treatment options include insulin injections and oral medication such as glipizide.

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9
Q

Hemochromatosis in tucans and mynals birds

A

poor feathering, overgrown beak, elevated liver enzymes and bile acids

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10
Q

Hemoproteus

A

intracellular (intraerythrocytic) parasite of birds

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11
Q

Intraosseous catheter

A

ulna

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12
Q

Iodine deficiency in Budgerigar

A

Results in goiter. Clinical signs of voice change and regurgitation, and a gross enlargement in the neck region that palpates like a soft tissue.

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13
Q

Leukocytozoon

A

intracellular parasite of birds, found in white blood cells

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14
Q

Liver-specific blood tests in psittacine and other birds

A

Bile acids and aspartate aminotransferase (AST)

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15
Q

Mycoplasmas in birds

A

respiratory infection causing head shaking, sneezing, and rhinitis

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16
Q

Normal cytology of feces from an adult psittacine bird

A

75% gram positive cocci

17
Q

Oral Candidiasis in bird treatment

A

treat with fluconazole

18
Q

Plasmodium

A

intracellular (intraerythrocytic) parasite of birds

19
Q

Polyoma virus infection

A

delayed feathering, diarrhea, gastrointestinal stasis, ascites, and death.

20
Q

Proventricular Dilation Disease

A

In Macaw

21
Q

Psittacine Beak and Feather Disease diagnosis

A

PCR probe of whole blood for circovirus DNA

22
Q

Psittacosis treatment

A

Doxycylin

23
Q

Staph dermatitis in Cockatoo treatment

A

Amoxicillin

24
Q

Sternostoma tracheacolun

A

air sac mites - diagnosis via tracheal tranillumination

25
Q

Xanthoma in cockatoo

A

benign growth composed of lipids and cholesterol accumulation

26
Q

Synsacrum

A

the fused lumbosacral region in birds

27
Q

Calcium deficiency

A

In Afric Grey Parrot fed an all seed diet develops seizures. Hypocalcemia syndrome is common in African Greys: clinical signs are tremors and seizures.

28
Q

West Nile Virus

A

Should be vaccinated (off-label) for WNV and should be kept in a mosquito free area