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Gross Anatomy--Block 2 CC > Small Intestine, Pancreas, Large Intestine and Mesenteric Arteries > Flashcards

Small Intestine, Pancreas, Large Intestine and Mesenteric Arteries Flashcards

1
Q

Internal Appearance of the Duodenum of the Small Intestine

A

1st part: mucosa is smooth

2nd-4th part(s): mucosa and submucosa form numerous folds

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2
Q

In the Duodenum of the small intestine, we have the MAJOR duodenal papilla, which

A

contains the opening of the hepatopancreatic ampulla and the longitudinal fold of the duodenum.

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3
Q

In the Duodenum of the small intestine, we have the MINOR duodenal papilla, which

A

contains the opening of accessory pancreatic duct

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4
Q

The Jejunum and ileum of the small intestine both

A

are freely mobile and attach to the posterior abdominal wll by the mesentary of the small intestine

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5
Q

How many arcades (of the Mesentary) does the Jejunum contain?

A

1-2

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6
Q

How many arcades (of the Mesentary) does the Ileum contain?

A

3+

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7
Q

Is the vasa recta (of the mesentary) for the Jejunum long or short?

A

Long

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8
Q

Is the vasa recta (of the mesentary) for the Ileum long or short?

A

Short

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9
Q

Describe the circular folds for the Jejunum and Ileum.

A

Jejunum: Large and many
Ileum: Few and small

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10
Q

How many lymphatic nodules can be in the Peyer’s patches of the mucosa & submusoca of the ileum?

A

10-200

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11
Q

The _______ makes up 99% of the pancreatic cells.

A

exocrine portion

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12
Q

The islets of Langerhans (insulin) makes up only ___ of the pancreatic cells.

A

1%

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13
Q

What glands are associated with the Duodenum? What do they secrete?

A

Brunner’s glands (of the submucosa) secrete mucus

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14
Q

What are pancreatic acini?

A

Clusters of exocrine cels

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15
Q

What do the pancreatic acini produce?

A

Digestive enzymes

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16
Q

What does the Hepatopancreatic Ampulla Sphincter?

A

Muscle that controls the release of digestive juices?

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17
Q

What is the difference between the Hepatopancreatic Ampulla vs the Hepatopancreatic Ampulla Sphincter?

A

HAS–> muscle???

HA– combined duct

18
Q

The _____ exits the pancreas and merges with the common bile duct (from the liver & gall bladder).

A

Main Pancreatic Duct

19
Q

The combined duct, _________, enters the duodenum and is visible (within duodenum) as Major Duodenal Papilla

A

Hepatopancreatic Ampulla

20
Q

A much smaller, second duct, _______, exits the pancreas to empty into the duodenum at the Minor Duodenal papilla.

A

Accessory Pancreatic Duct

21
Q

What is the path of bile flow from the liver into the duodenum?

A

Right & Left Hepatic Ducts –> Common Hepatic Duct –> Common Bile Duct –> Hepatopancreatic Ampulla

22
Q

The Teniae coli, Omental appendices (Epiploic appendencies) and Haustra are all external features of the

A

Large Intestine

23
Q

_____ are abundant within the Large Intestine

A

Goblet Cells

24
Q

Name the internal features of the Cecum.

A

Ileal orifice and the orifice of the appendix

25
Q

This orifice is located within the medial wall, contains superior and inferior lips or ileal papilla.

A

Ileal orifice

26
Q

When are the superior and inferior lips formed on the ileocecal valve?

A

Post-mortem

27
Q

When does the ileal papilla occur?

28
Q

Where is the orifice of the appendix located within the cecum?

A

It is located inferior to the ileal orifice.

29
Q

The Appendix contains large groupings of ____

A

lympathic nodules

30
Q

Where are the lympathic nodules located in the appendix?

A

In the lamina propria of mucosa and a few in the submucosa

31
Q

It is normal to experience ____ with Appendicitis?

A

nausea and vomiting

32
Q

Describe Appendicitis

A

Onset occurs as mild pain near umbilicus
Couple hours later, may experience pain and tenderness within RLQ over McBurney’s Point
May experience Nausea & Vomiting

33
Q

Name the 5 branches of the superior Mesenteric Artery

A 
Inferior Pancreaticodudodenal Artery
Middle Colic Artery
Right Colic Artery
Ileocolic Artery
Intestinal/Jejunal & Ileal Arteries
34
Q

What are the 3 branches of the inferior mesenteric artery?

A

Left Colic Artery, Sigmoid Arteries, Superior Rectal Artery

35
Q

What does the inferior Pancreaticoduodenal Artery Supply?

A

Pancreas and Duodenum

36
Q

What does the Middle Colic Artery Supply?

A

Transverse Colon

37
Q

What does the Right Colic Artery Supply?

A

Ascending colon & Transverse Colon

38
Q

What does the Ileolocolic Artery Supply?

A

Terminal ileum, cecum, appendix, ascending colon

39
Q

What do the Intestinal/Jejunal & Ileal Arteries form?

A

Arterial arcades –> straight arteries supplying intestinal wall

40
Q

What does the Left Colic Artery Supply?

A

Transverse Colon and Descending Colon

41
Q

What do the Sigmoid Arteries Supply?

A

Sigmoid Colon

42
Q

What does the Superior Rectal Artery Supply?

A

Rectum and Anal Canal

Gross Anatomy--Block 2 CC (8 decks)

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