Abdomen

Question 1

What do the spinal nerves T7-T9 supply?

Answer 1

The skin superior to the umbilicus

Question 2

What does T10 innervate?

Answer 2

the skin around the umbilicus

Question 3

Spinal nerve T11, plus the cutaneous branches of the subcostal T12, the iliohyposgastric and the ilio-inguinal (L1) nerves all innervate:

Answer 3

the skin inferior to the umbilicus

Question 4

The anterior abdominal ______ pierce the rectus sheath a short distance from the median plane, after the rectus abdominus muscle has been supplied

Answer 4

cutaneous branches

Question 5

what are the 6 common causes of an abdominal portrusion?

Answer 5

all start with the letter F:

Food, Fetus, Flatus, Feces, Fluid, Fat

Question 6

Eversion of the umbilicus may be a sign of _____, usually resulting from ascites or a large mass.

Answer 6

intra-abdominal pressure

Question 7

What is an “ascites”?

Answer 7

Abdominal Accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity

Question 8

Hepatomegaly refers to an

Answer 8

enlarged liver

Question 9

Where do the thoraco-abdominal (T7-T11) nerves run?

Answer 9

Between the external and internal oblique muscles

Question 10

______ nerve runs along the inferior border of the 12th rib to supply the skin over the anterior superior iliac spine and hip.

Answer 10

Subcostal nerve (T12)

Question 11

What does the iliohypogastric nerve (L1) innervate?

Answer 11

The skin over the iliac crest and lower pubic region

Question 12

What does the ilioinguinal nerve (L1) innervate?

Answer 12

skin of the medial aspect of the thigh, the scrotum or labium majus, and the mons pubis.

Question 13

The nerves innervating the abdominal region are susceptible to injury (surgery, trauma, etc), which may result in _______.

Answer 13

weakening of the muscles.

Question 14

In the inguinal region, muscle weakness (due to trauma to the nerves) may predispose an individual to the development of

Answer 14

an inguinal hernia

Question 15

The muscular portion of the external oblique muscle _______ with slips of the serratus anterior muscle

Answer 15

interdigitates

Question 16

The aponeurotic portion of the external oblique muscle and the serratus anterior muscle contributes to _______

Answer 16

the anterior wall of the rectus sheath

Question 17

The three superficial inguinal branches of the femoral artery ____, ______, _____ and the great saphenous vein lie in the fatty layer of the subcutaneous tissue.

Answer 17

superficial circumflex iliac artery

Question 18

The cutaneous branches of the iliohypogastric and the ilio-inguinal nerves (L1) course between the _____

Answer 18

internal and external oblique muscles

Question 19

When an appendectomy (gridiron) incision is made, you must avoid the _____ and _____.

Answer 19

ilihypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves (L1)

Question 20

What do the iliohypogastric and the ilio-inguinal nerves (L1) supply?

Answer 20

The internal oblique and the transversus abdominus

Question 21

The ____ is located superior to the inguinal ligament at the midpoint between the anterior superior iliac spine and the pubic tubercle.

Answer 21

deep inguinal ring

Question 22

What are the two branches of the external iliac artery?

Answer 22

The deep circumflex iliac and the inferior epigastric arteries

Question 23

The inguinal canals in females are _____ than those in males

Answer 23

narrower