small intestine

Question 1

three subdivisions

Answer 1

duodenum, jejunum, ileum

Question 2

segmentation

Answer 2

mixes food back and forth

Question 3

peristalsis

Answer 3

series of wave-like rhythmic contractions, propels food forward

Question 4

enterocytes

Answer 4

take nutrient in -> transport to small intestine -> release into blood
if don’t cross entereocyte, then no absorption (can still be digested)

Question 5

glycocalyx

Answer 5

carb rich zone located at the periphery of enterocytes, involved in cell recog, adhesion, protection
oligosaccharide side chains = distinctive id tags (antennae) as a receptor for hormones, som nutrients
used as an identifer by the immune system

Question 6

loss of glycocalyx

Answer 6

athereosclerosis in blood vessels
IBD
septic shock
increased leukocyte adhesion after enzyme degradation of the glycocalyx (loss of capillaries)