Small Bowel Flashcards
Double bubble sign
duodenal atresia
air builds up on either side of the pyloric sphincter
–> double bubble sign
Complications of Meckel
intussusception hemorrhage (from ectopic gastric tissue) obstruction
Intussusception causes in
children
adults
children: lympoid hyperplasia 2˚ to viral illness
adults: tumor
Currant jelly stools
intussusception
due to infarction of affected area
Two types of small bowel infarction
transmural: clots
mucosal: hypotension
Congenital lactose intolerance
inheritance pattern
recessive
Diarrhea in lactose intolerance
osmotic
Celiac
immune reaction against
gliadin
HLA subtypes associated with celiac
DQ2 and 8
Celiac
what is actually damaged
duodenal villi
flattening of duodenal villi
Dermatitis herpetiformis
IgA deposition on tips of dermal papillae
vesicle formation
celiac association
Lab tests in celiac
IgA against gliadin, tTG, or endomysium
of IgG if pt is IgA deficient
Duodenal Bx in celiac
flattening of villi in duodenum
intraepithelial lymphocytes
Complications of celiac
even if well controlled
small bowel carcinoma
T-cell lymphoma
Tropical sprue
etiology
damage
unknown organism
damages jejunum and ileum after diarrhea
Presentation of Whipple disease
+
pathophys
steatorrhea, fat malabsorption
macrophages full of organism T. whippelii
macrophages compress lacteals
chylomicrons cannot be absorbed
Abetalipoproteinemia
inheritance
problem
recessive
cannot produce ApoB48 and ApoB100
absent plasma VLDL and LDL
Carcinoid tumors Sx
bronchospasm
diarrhea
flushing of skin
w/ emotional distress or alcohol
Main NT in carcinoid tumors
5-HT
only active if mets to liver so can get to systemic circulation
MOA also in lungs so damage only occurs through right side of heart
–> tricuspid fibrosis and pulmonary valve fibrosis
Carcinoid tumor
metabolites
5-HIAA
metabolite of 5-HT
Carcinoid tumors
stain
chromogranin +
