Esophagus Flashcards
TE fistula presentation
emesis
polyhydramnios
abdominal distention
aspiration –> pneumonia
Esophageal web
what is it
protrusion of mucosa into esophagus
Esophageal web association
Plummer-Vinson syndrome
esophageal web + severe iron-deficiency anemia + atrophic glossitis (beefy red tongue)
Zenker diverticulum
etiology
acquired false diverticulum
at pharyngeal-esophageal junction
abnormal swallowing puts high pressure on this region
Mallory-Weiss syndrome etiology
servere vomiting: bulimia or alcoholism
Mallory-Weiss syndrome
complication
Boerhaave syndrome
pneumomediastinum and sub-Q emphysema (from air entering cavity)
Mallory-Weiss
hematemesis type
painful hematemesis
tearing tissue hurts
Esophageal varices
hematemesis type
painless
rupturing veins doesn’t hurt compared to ripping tissue apart
Blood backs up into the esophageal varices from
left gastric vein
Painful vs painless hematemesis
painful: Mallory-Weiss (tearing tissue hurts)
painless: esophageal varices (veins don’t hurt)
Achalasia etiology
loss of myenteric ganglia
between circular and longitudinal layer of muscularis mucosa
Achalasia
infection associations
T. cruzi ie Chagas disease
Adult-onset asthma is associated with this GI condition
GERD
reflux can irritate airways (may also cause cough)
Barrett esophagus metaplasia type
non-keratinizing ss –> non-ciliated columnar with goblet cells
Barrett esophagus can progress to
dysplasia –> adenocarcinoma of lower 1/3 of esophagus
