Colon

Question 1

Hirschsprung disease

association

Answer 1

Down

Question 2

Sx of Hirschsprung in newborn

Answer 2

failure to pass meconium

empty rectal vault on exam

Question 3

Dx of Hirschsprung

Answer 3

full-thickness rectal Bx

ie rectal suction Bx

Question 4

Colonic diverticula appear in this location

Answer 4

where vasa recta traverse muscularis propria

–> wall weakness at that point

Question 5

Angiodysplasia

Answer 5

acquired, due to wall stress

Question 6

Wall stress in right vs left colon

Answer 6

right: angiodysplasia
left: diverticula

Question 7

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia

inheritance

Answer 7

dominant

Question 8

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia
Sx
inheritance

Answer 8

hematochezia and telangiectasias of lips

dominant

Question 9

IBS Sx

Answer 9

usually either predominantly constipation or diarrhea

Sx improve w/ defecation

Question 10

How to improve Sx in IBS

Answer 10

fiber (for both diarrhea- and constipation-predominant)

Question 11

Most common colonic polyp type

Answer 11

hyperplastic polyps

non-neoplastic, not risky at all

Question 12

Adenoma –> carcinoma sequence

Answer 12

APC mutation first
K-ras mutation then allows polyps to form
p53 mutation makes it carcinoma

Question 13

FAP inheritance pattern

Answer 13

dominant

Question 14

FAP + fibromatosis osteomas

Answer 14

Gardner syndrome

Question 15

FAP + CNS tumors

Answer 15

Turcot syndrome

Question 16

Juvenile polyp type

Answer 16

hamatromatous benign polyp

Question 17

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome

inheritance type

Answer 17

dominant

Question 18

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome

Answer 18

hamatomtous polyps +

increased risk of colorectal, breast, and GYN cancers

Question 19

Mutation in FAP

Answer 19

APC mutation