SMALL ANIMALS DRUGS TREATING RESPIRATORY DISEASE

Question 1

diuretics: furosemide

Answer 1

acute treatment of CHF

Question 2

bronchodilators:

Answer 2

-beta 2 adrenoreceptor agonists
-methylxanthine derivatives
-anticholinergic drugs

Question 3

beta 2 adrenoreceptor agonists relaxation of

Answer 3

airway smooth muscle
>terbutaline IV: acute bronchospasm in sus feline asthma > adverse effects: tachycardia, hypotension
>salbutamol:inhaled with mask

Question 4

bronchodilators: methylxanthine derivative

Answer 4

-theophylline
-phosphodiesterase inhibitor> alters intracellular calcium levels
> bronchodilator, enhance mucociliary clearance, stimulates respirator centre, incr, sensitivity to PaCO2, incr. diaphragmatic contractility
>adverse effect: GI signs

Question 5

bronchodilators: anticholinergic drugs

Answer 5

-atropine, glycopyrrulate
>compete Ach at muscarinic receptor sites
>respiratory actions: antagonize vaguely mediated bronchoconstriction and decrease secretion
>indication acute respiratory distress due to bronchial disease

Question 6

anti-inflammatory drugs: glucocorticosteroids GCS

Answer 6

-dexamethasone, prednisolone
>more powerfull than NSAID
inhibit metabolism of inflammatory mediators, decrease migration of inflammatory cells into airway
>indication: acute management of upper airway obstruction and feline asthma
-long term control of chronic resp.disease

Question 7

anti-inflammatory drugs glucocorticosteroids negative impact on any

Answer 7

infectious process-should be avoided with pneumonia/viral disease
>side-effects clinical signs of hyperadrenocorticism

Question 8

anti-inflammatory drugs NSAIDs = non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

Answer 8

no clinically significant anti-inflammatory effect
-not indicated to treat most resp.distress

Question 9

antibiotics

Answer 9

-infectious respiratory disease
-bacteriology and antibiogram
-with bronchiectasis, ciliary dyskinesia

Question 10

mucolytics: indication to excessive production of

Answer 10

airway secretions associated with chronic inflammatory disease (chronic bronchitis, bronhiextasis, ciliary dyskinesia)
- N-acetylcysteine=decr.viscosity of both purulent and non-purulent airway secretions to facilitate clearance from respiratory tract >indication: which airway secretions that nor readily cleared and risk airway obstruction
-Bromhexine: increases production of serous mucus with respiratory tract> thinning secretions and facilitating clearance by cilia

Question 11

analgesic and sedatives

Answer 11

-acute treatment
-pain can affect respiration
-light sedation to minimize anxiety
> BUTORPHANOL

Question 12

antitussive agents: cough suppressant: indications dogs with

Answer 12

resolving chronic bronchitis / airway collapse
> should not be used before resolution of inflammation and infection
-DEXTROMETHORPHAN NMDA receptor antagonism, efficacious in some animals
-narcotic agents (hydrocodone, butorphanol) if more potent suppression of dry cough is required