Small Animal Pevlic Limb Blood Vessels And Nerves Flashcards
Where is the vascular lacuna located?
Between the inguinal ligament and the pelvis
What direction does the External Iliac artery run?
Caudoventrally
What is the first branch off of the external iliac artery? What is the continuation of this artery called?
Deep femoral
Femoral
What trunk branches off of the deep femoral artery?
Pudendoepigastric trunk
- > external pudendal artery
- > caudal epigastric artery
What is the continuation of the deep femoral artery after the pudendoepigrastic trunk?
Medial circumflex artery
What does the medial circumflex artery supply?
Adductor m
What are the borders of the femoral triangle?
Cranial - sartorius m. (Caudal part)
Caudal - pectineus m.
Proximal - inguinal ligament
What arteries pass through the vascular lacuna?
Femoral artery
Medial circumflex artery
What vessels and nerves run through the femoral triangle??
Femoral artery and vein.
Saphenous nerve
The _________________ artery is the first branch off the femoral artery and runs cranial to supply the quadriceps femoris and tensor fascia lata
Superficial circumflex iliac artery
The _______________ artery branches off the femoral artery to supply quadriceps femoris mm., tensor fasciae latae m., superficial gluteal m., middle gluteal m., and coxofemoral joint
Lateral circumflex femoral artery
What artery branches off the femoral artery, distal to the superficial circumflex iliac artery and the lateral circumflex femoral artery?
Proximal caudal femoral artery
What is supplied by the proximal caudal femoral artery?
Pectineus m, adductor m, and gracilis m.
Adductors of the limb
What artery branches off the femoral artery to supply the dorsal and plantar aspects of the paw?
Saphenous artery
Cranial - dorsal paw
Caudal - plantar paw
Runs superficial along with vein and nerve
The _________ artery supplies the stifle joint medially.
Descending genicular
What are the last two branches off the femoral artery?
Middle caudal femoral
Distal caudal femoral
The femoral artery continues into the ___________ artery after the branching of the middle and distal caudal femoral arteries.
Popliteal artery
The poplietal artery can been seen between what muscles?
Between the two heads of the gastrocnemius m.
What does the popliteal artery supply?
Stifle joint, gastrocnemius m, and popliteus m.
The popliteal artery terminates as what two arteries?
Cranial and caudal tibial arteries.
The ____________ artery supplies the peroneus longus m, long digital extensor m, and cranial tibial m.
Cranial tibial artery
What is the continuation of the cranial tibial artery at the level of the peas/tarsus?
Dorsal pedal artery
What artery supplies blood to the paw and is used for arterial catheter placement
Dorsal pedal artery
What is the main veins draining the lateral side of the pelvic limb?
Lateral saphenous vein
-splits cranial and caudal branches
What is the main vein draining the pelvic limb on the medial side
Medial saphenous vein
What vein is most often used for veinipuncture in dogs??
Cranial branch of the lateral saphenous vein
What vein is most often used for venipuncture in cats?
Medial saphenous vein.
The ventral spinal nerves from L4-S3 form the _______________ plexus
Lumbrosacral plexus
The ____________ nerve supplies the adductor muscles of the pelvic limb. What does this nerve pass through?
Obturator nerve
Obturator foramen
Supplying muscles
- > external obturator
- > pectineus
- > gracilis
- > adductor
Where does the femoral nerve exit to supply the pelvic limb?
Iliospoas muscle
What action does innervation of the femoral nerve induce?
What are the muscle innervated?
Hip flexion, stifle extension, supporting limb
Iliopsoas
Quadriceps
Sartorius
What nerve branches off the femoral nerve as it exits the iliopsoas m.?
Saphenous nerve
What are 4 terminal branches off the pudendal nerve?
Perineal nerve
Caudal rectal nerve
Dorsal nerve of the penis
Caudal cutaneous femoral nerve
Where is the pudendal nerve located?
In the ischiorectal fossa running along side the internal pudendal artery
What nerve travels caudal to the femur, on the lateralside of the adductor muscle?
Sciatic AKA ischiatic nerve
What bony prominence does the sciatic nerve pass over?
Greater trochanter of the femur
The sciatic nerve supplies what muscles to generate what action?
Biceps femoris
Semitendinosus
Semimembranous
Flex the stifle and extend the hip
What does the sciatic nerve terminate in?
Common peroneal nerve and tibial nerve
What nerve supplies the skin on the medial side of the thigh, stifle, leg, tarsus, and paw?
Saphenous nerve
How many ventral sacral nerves are there?
3
The ___________ nerve arises from from all three of the sacral nerve branches and lies between levator ani and coccygeus, and the superficial gluteal muscles
Pudendal nerve
What nerve innervates the external anal spinchter after branching off the pudendal nerve?
Caudal rectal nerve
What nerve branches dorsally off the pudendal nerve and supply’s the skin of anus, perineum (scrotum or labia)
Perineal nerve
The dorsal nerve of the penis is a branch off of the ___________ nerve and supplies what?
Pudendal nerve
Sensory nerves to skin of the glans
(Dorsal nerve of the clitoris in female- running to the vulva)
The ___________________ nerve follows the caudal gluteal artery to level of ischiatic tuberosity where it becomes superficial to supply skin of the thigh
Caudal cutaneous femoral nerve
What nerves arise from the lumbrosacral trunk?
Caudal gluteal, cranial gluteal, and sciatic
What nerve passes over the ischiatic notch medial to middle gluteal and is the sole innervation of the to the superficial gluteal muscle?
Caudal gluteal nerve
What nerve passes over the ischiatic notch, the lateral ilium and innervates both the middle and deep gluteal?
Cranial gluteal nerve
What is the origin of the sciatic nerve?
Last two lumbar nerves and first two sacral nerves (lumbrosacral trunk)
The lateral cutaneous sural nerve arises from what nerve?
Fibulae (peroneal nerve)
The caudal cutaneous sural nerve arises from what nerve?
Tibial nerve
What do the lateral and caudal cutaneous sural nerves supply?
Skin on the lateral and caudal surfaces of the crus
The sciatic nerve terminates as what two nerves?
Tibial and common fibular(peroneal)
The common fibular nerve passes cranially and divides into what nerves?
Superficial fibular nerve
Deep fibular nerve
What nerves innervate the flexor muscles of the tarsus and extensor muscles of the digits?
Superficial and deep fibular nerves (from the common fibular )
What nerve passes between he two heads of the gastrocnemius and supplies muscles caudal to tibia and fibula?
Tibial nerve
The tibial nerve divides into what to branches above the tarsocural joint?
Medial and lateral plantar nerves
