Small Animal Musculoskeletal Part 2 Flashcards
how should OFA positioning be?
limbs parallel to body
stifles at same level
look at obturator foramen, ischiatic tuberosity, patella
what can be seen with hip degenerative joint disease on a radiograph?
periarticular new bone formation
remodeling
thickening
poor coverage of femoral head
what is the hip dysplasia scoring system for excellent?
> 75% coverage
what is the hip dysplasia scoring system for good?
60-75% coverage
what is the hip dysplasia scoring system for fair?
no laxity
minor osteophytes
what is mild dysplasia?
40%
degenerative joint disease
what is moderate dysplasia?
25-40%
degenerative joint disease
what is severe dysplasia?
<25%
degenerative joint disease
what dysplastic changes can be seen with hip dysplasia with mild degenerative joint disease?
abnormal C shape of acetabulum (too open)
poor coverage of femoral head
divergent joint space articular surfaces should be parallel to each other
what degenerative joint disease changes can be seen with hip dysplasia with mild degenerative joint disease?
mild new bone formation at femoral neck
what are findings of hip dysplasia with no degenerative joint disease?
incongruity of femoral head and acetabulum
subluxation of femoral head
flattened head
shallow acetabulum
who is panosteitis most common in?
rapidly growing large dogs
3-18 months old
what are the clinical signs of panosteitis?
shifting leg lameness
fever
anorexia
pain on palpation
what are the radiographic findings of panosteitis?
patchy medullary opacities of long bones
periosteal reaction also seen
who is hypertrophic osteodystrophy most common in?
2-4 month old large breed dogs
maybe nutritional etiology
maybe infectious etiology
what are the early findings of hypertrophic osteodystrophy?
radiolucent band in the affected metaphysis of a long bone
represents demineralization
what are the late findings of hypertrophic osteodystrophy?
new bone formation surrounding affected metaphysis
growth arrest
who does avascular (aseptic) necrosis of the femoral head occur in?
miniature breeds
usually unilateral
3-11 month old dogs
what are the early findings of avascular/aseptic necrosis of the femoral head?
apple core appearance of femoral neck
increased or decreased head opacity
what are the late findings of avascular/aseptic necrosis of the femoral head?
irregular, flattened, collapsed femoral head
acetabular remodeling
lucencies in femoral neck
who does retained cartilaginous core occur in?
giant breeds
what can retained cartilaginous cores cause?
angular limb deformities
what are the findings for retained cartilaginous cores?
triangular lucent cores in the distal ulnar growth plates
