SLT approach and Banduras Bobo Doll Study (Paper 2)

Question 1

What is meant by social context

Answer 1

Learning occurs indirectly by watching others in a social context

Question 2

What is meant by vicarious reinforcement

Answer 2

Behaviour that is seen to have positive consequences is more likely to be imitated by the observer.

Question 3

What is meant by mediating cognitive factors

Answer 3

There are important cognitive factors that come between stimulus and response - attention, retention, motor reproduction and motivation.

Question 4

What is meant by identification

Answer 4

Children will imitate role models they identify with, i.e. see themselves as similar and want to be like.

Question 5

What is meant by modelling

Answer 5

Individuals we observe and emulate are referred to as models, live models include parents, friends and family members. Can also learn from symbolic models such as characters from movies and books.

Question 6

What is meant by attention in mediating cognitive factors

Answer 6

In order to learn from a model, individuals must pay attention to the model by focusing on specific behaviours

Question 7

What is meant by retention in mediating cognitive factors

Answer 7

The ability to remember the observed behaviours. This involves encoding the observed behaviour into memory so it can be retrieved later

Question 8

What is meant by reproduction in mediating cognitive factors

Answer 8

The individuals belief in their ability to replicate the behaviour that the model demonstrated. Depends on the individuals physical capabilities as well as the remembered details of the behaviour

Question 9

What is meant by motivation in mediating cognitive factors

Answer 9

The willingness to perform the behaviour, which is influenced by expected outcomes, such as rewards or punishments, based on observing the consequences of behaviours in others.

Question 10

Who were the p’s in Bandura’s Bobo Doll Study

Answer 10

Children aged 3-6

Question 11

When was Bandura’s first Bobo Doll Study

Answer 11

1961

Question 12

How many groups did Bandura have

Answer 12

2 groups

Question 13

What did group 1 observe in the procedure

Answer 13

Group 1 observed an adult demonstrating physical and verbal aggression towards a Bobo doll in a room filled with toys.

Question 14

What did group 2 observe in the procedure

Answer 14

Watched an adult interact non - aggressively with different toys.

Question 15

What happened after both groups had observed an adult

Answer 15

An experimenter observed and recorded the children’s physical and verbal aggression from behind a one-way mirror.

Question 16

What were the findings of Banduras original study

Answer 16

Children exposed to an aggressive model were more likely to be aggressive themselves. Also highlighted identification, boys were more likely to mimic aggression after observing a male model.

Question 17

What was Bandura’s 1965 variation

Answer 17

Children witnessed adults acting aggressively towards a Bobo Doll, followed by the adult receiving a reward , punishment or neither.

Question 18

What were Bandura’s 1965 variation findings

Answer 18

Children who observed the adult being punished displayed significantly less aggression towards the Bobo Doll compared to children in other conditions.