SLS20 Chapter 8

Question 1

valence

Answer 1

How positive or negative the experience is

Question 2

arousal

Answer 2

How active or passive the experience is

Question 3

emotion

Answer 3

A positive or negative experience that is associated with a particular pattern of physiological activity

Question 4

James-Lange theory

Answer 4

A theory which asserts that stimuli trigger activity in the autonomic nervous system, which in turn produces an emotional experience in the brain

Question 5

Cannon-Bard theory

Answer 5

A theory which asserts that a stimulus simultaneously triggers activity in the autonomic nervous system and emotional experience in the brain

Question 6

two-factor theory

Answer 6

A theory which asserts that emotions are inferences about the causes of physiological arousal

Question 7

appraisal

Answer 7

An evaluation of the emotion-relevant aspects of a stimulus

Question 8

emotion regulation

Answer 8

The use of cognitive and behavioral strategies to influence one’s emotional experience

Question 9

reappraisal

Answer 9

Changing one’s emotional experience by changing the meaning of the emotion-eliciting stimulus

Question 10

emotional expression

Answer 10

Any observable sign of an emotional state

Question 11

hedonic principle

Answer 11

The notion that all people are motivated to experience pleasure and avoid pain

Question 12

homeostasis

Answer 12

The tendency for a system to take action to keep itself in a particular state

Question 13

drive

Answer 13

An internal state generated by departures from physiological optimality

Question 14

bulimia nervosa

Answer 14

An eating disorder characterized by binge eating followed by purging

Question 15

anorexia nervosa

Answer 15

An eating disorder characterized by an intense fear of being fat and severe restriction of food intake

Question 16

metabolism

Answer 16

The rate at which energy is used by the body

Question 17

human sexual response cycle

Answer 17

The states of physiological arousal during sexual activity (excitement, plateau, orgasm, resolution)

Question 18

mortality-salience hypothesis

Answer 18

The prediction that people who are reminded of their own mortality will work to reinforce their cultural worldviews

Question 19

intrinsic motivation

Answer 19

A motivation to take actions that are themselves rewarding (ex. eating a french fry)

Question 20

extrinsic motivation

Answer 20

A motivation to take actions that are not themselves rewarding but that lead to reward

Question 21

conscious motivation

Answer 21

A motivation of which one is aware

Question 22

unconscious motivation

Answer 22

A motivation of which one is not aware (ex. need for achievement)

Question 23

need for achievement

Answer 23

The motivation to solve worthwhile problems (unconscious)

Question 24

approach motivation

Answer 24

A motivation to experience positive outcomes

Question 25

avoidance motivation

Answer 25

A motivation not to experience negative outcomes