slide flashcards W1D2
what did leonardo davinci do that was important to the field of neurology
poored hot wax into an oxes brain
cellular components (neuron)
- cell body/soma
- dendrites
- dendritic spines - axon
- axon hillock - synaptic terminal (bouton)
classification of cell types (neurons)
- structure
a. multipolar (most)
b. bipolar (retina)
c. pseudounipolar or unipolar (dorsal root ganglia) - length of axon
a. long (golgi type I)
b. short (golgi type II) - function
a. motor
b. sensory
c. interneuron - spiny vs aspiny
- direction of information
a. afferent (toward CNS) vs efferent (away from CNS)
b. anterograde vs. retrograde
name 4 tools used for neuromorphology
fixatives, stains, tissue sectioners, microscopes
what does the nissl stain dye
rna (purple)
how many distinct layers of cells are there (usually) in the cerebral cortex
six in most of cortex.
which cell layers in the cerebral cortex have many neurons with large cell bodies
five and six (deepest)
4 functions of glial cells
- structural + metabolic support
- provide raw materials for neurons
- modulate neural activity
- communicate (with eachother and neurons)
name 5 types of glial cells
- astrocytes (CNS)
- oligodendrocytes (CNS)
- shwann cells (PNS)
- satellite cells (PNS)
- microglia (CNS)
what do microglia produce when activated
cytokines (cause swelling)
what causes multiple sclerosis
damaged/deteriorating myelin
how long does myelination take
10-15 years
what is astrocytes main function
maintain BBB
what is main function of microglia
immune response
what is main function of oligodendrocytes
myelination (in cns)
