Sleep/Sleep Disorders

Question 1

What is sleep

Answer 1

a physiological process and the body’s rest cycle

Question 2

What is sleep associated with

Answer 2

recumbency & immobility

Question 3

What do we lack when going to sleep

Answer 3

conscious awareness

Question 4

Are we easily awakened when we go to sleep

Answer 4

yes

Question 5

why is sleep essential

Answer 5

it is to keep us healthy and for survival

Question 6

what 3 types of sleep are there

Answer 6

insufficient
fragmented
nonrestorative

Question 7

what is the definition of sleep disturbance

Answer 7

conditions of poor sleep quality

Question 8

what is the definition of sleep disorders

Answer 8

abnormalities unique to sleep

Question 9

what are two common sleep disorders

Answer 9

insomnia
narcolepsy

Question 10

what controls the sleep wake cycle

Answer 10

the brain

Question 11

what stimulates wake behavior

Answer 11

RAS
various neurotransmitters
orexin (hypocretin)

Question 12

what makes up the RAS

Answer 12

sensory stimuli w/in cerebral cortex

Question 13

what regulates the sleep-wake cycle

Answer 13

RAS

Question 14

what are the four functions of the RAS

Answer 14

motor
sensory
visceral
consciousness

Question 15

what manages the circadian rhythm

Answer 15

the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN)

Question 16

where is the SCN located

Answer 16

in the hypothalamus

Question 17

what synchronizes the circadian rhythm (what makes it work)

Answer 17

synchronized through light receptors in the retina

Question 18

what is the strongest time cue to the brain

Answer 18

light

Question 19

what percent do we spend in wake after sleep onset

Answer 19

5%

Question 20

what percent do we spend in REM sleep

Answer 20

25%

Question 21

what percent do we spend in NREM stage 1

Answer 21

5%

Question 22

what percent do we spend in NREM stage 2

Answer 22

50%

Question 23

what percent do we spend in NREM stage 3

Answer 23

15%

Question 24

what are the three phases of sleep

Answer 24

sleep latency
NREM (non-rapid eye movement)
REM (rapid eye movement)

Question 25

when does sleep latency start

Answer 25

when eyes are closed for sleep

Question 26

when does sleep latency end

Answer 26

ends when non-rem sleep is entered

Question 27

how long are we in the sleep latency stage

Answer 27

time varies but usually 10-40 mins

Question 28

what makes up stage 1 of NREM

Answer 28

slow eye movements

Question 29

what makes up stage 2 of NREM

Answer 29

HR & temp derease

Question 30

what makes up stage 3 of NREM

Answer 30

deep or slow wave sleep (SWS); delta waves, parasomnias

Question 31

what are parasomnias

Answer 31

unusal behaviors while falling asleep, transitioning b/w sleep stages, or during arousal from sleep

Question 32

what activates parasomnias

Answer 32

CNS activation

Question 33

what are different kinds of parasomnias

Answer 33

sleepwalking sleep terrors nightmares sleep paralysis sleep hallucinations

Question 34

how often does REM sleep occur

Answer 34

3-4 times a night

Question 35

what is greatly reduced during REM sleep

Answer 35

skeletal muscle tone

Question 36

what occurs most during REM sleep

Answer 36

vivid dreaming

Question 37

what sleep cycles decrease in middle age

Answer 37

NREM3 & REM

Question 38

are middle aged more resistant to sleep deprivation

Answer 38

yes

Question 39

are awakenings in middle aged adults increased or decreased

Answer 39

increased

Question 40

do older adults go to bed earlier (like 7 to 8pm)

Answer 40

yes

Question 41

do older adults wake earlier (4 to 5am)

Answer 41

yes

Question 42

which statement is true regarding REM sleep? Select all that apply a. Muscle tone is greatly reduced b. It occurs only once in the night c. It is separated by distinct physiological stages d. The most vivd dreaming occurs at this phase

Answer 42

a & d

Question 43

What is the best description for sleep a. quiet state in which there is little brain activity b. loosely organized state similar to coma c. stat in which pain sensitivity decreases d. state in which the individual lacks conscious awareness of the environment

Answer 43

d

Question 44

How is the neurological side affected by sleep deprivation & sleep disorders?

Answer 44

cognitive impairment behavioral changes

Question 45

how is the immune system affected by sleep deprivation & sleep disorders

Answer 45

impaired function

Question 46

how is the respiratory system affected by sleep deprivation & sleep disorders

Answer 46

asthma exacerbated during sleep

Question 47

how is the cardiovascular system affected by sleep deprivation & sleep disorders

Answer 47

heart diseases like HTN & dysrhythmias develop increased BP in people w/ HTN Stroke