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Hygiene Flashcards

1
Q

Why is skin so important?

A

it is essential to the health of the body

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2
Q

What are the functions of the skin?

A

protection
secretion
excretion
temp reg
sensation

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3
Q

What are other essential structures that we need to keep clean?

A

feet, hands, & nails

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4
Q

What should the normal nail look like?

A

transparent. smooth, convex
have a pink nail bed
translucent white tip

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5
Q

What can the condition of a pt’s hands & feet affect?

A

affects the ability to perform hygiene care

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6
Q

Why do we need to pay attention to the hands feet & nails?

A

so we can prevent infection, injury, and odor

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7
Q

What lines the mouth ?

A

mucous membranes

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8
Q

Is mucous in the mouth a sign of health

A

yes

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9
Q

What makes up normal mucosa?

A

light pink
soft
moist
smooth
no lesions

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10
Q

What abnormalities should we evaluate in the mouth?

A

xerostomia
gingivitis
dental caries

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11
Q

What is xerostomia?

A

dry mouth

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12
Q

What is gingivitis?

A

inflammation of the gums

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13
Q

What is dental caries?

A

tooth decay

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14
Q

What can impair salivary secretion?

A

meds
exposure to radiation
mouth breathing

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15
Q

How can hair reflect the general health status of a pt

A

via growth
distribution
pattern

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16
Q

how do good hygiene practices support the skin and other structures

A

support the function & stability

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17
Q

what else do good hygiene practices promote?

A

a positive self image
provide comfort

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18
Q

what do communication skills promote?

A

a therapeutic relationship

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19
Q

What can we assess when providing hygiene care

A

physical condition
emotional status
health promotion
health care edu

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20
Q

Can socioeconomic status affect the person’s ability to maintain good hygiene?

A

yes

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21
Q

what should we consider through the pt’s developmental stage?

A

changes through their progression of life
also special needs pt’s

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22
Q

How can the physical condition effect hygiene?

A

various illness & injuries can effect the pt’s ability to do self-care

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23
Q

What actions should we take as a nurse about to perform hygiene?

A

utilize knowledge
consider the pt’s cultural & developmental stages
be nonjudgmental
think outside the box
implement professional standards
maintain confidence

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24
Q

What are two big things we should do when preparing to do hygiene care for a pt

A

communicate and verify the pt is okay with the hygiene
determine how to provide hygiene & adapt to the pt’s wants or needs

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25
How do we maintain warmth during hygiene?
warm room temp (if able) keep all parts covered that are not being washed
26
How do we keep the pt safe during a bed bath?
keep side rails up on the side the pt will turn and be on the side where the rails are down
27
What should we do before placing a washcloth that is wet on the pt
have them test the temp of the water before placing it on their skin
28
how do we keep ourselves safe while performing bathing tasks
good body mechanics
29
What are the benefits of bathing
removes perspiration, dirt, & bacteria helps prevent skin problems refreshes pt - comfort stimulates circulation/provides passive exercise opportunity for communication & physical assessment
30
What are bathing options for the pt's
shower partial/assisted bath sponge bath @ the sink completed bed bath tub bath bag bath Sitz bath
31
What is the importance of perineal care?
prevents skin breakdown
32
What are risks for skin breakdown in the perineal area?
urinary or fecal incontinence rectal or perineal surgical dressings indwelling urinary catheters morbid obesity
33
When giving pt's perineal care, should we do gender-congruent care?
yes
34
Why are CHG baths more common in hospitals than basin bathing?
Basins are reservoirs for bacteria and is a possible source of hospital-acquired infections
35
What do CHG baths do?
get rid of more bacteria and help clean the pt
36
What are the first prep steps before bathing a pt?
verify orders gather equipment intro to pt & family id pt explain the procedure
37
What should we assess the pt for before starting a bath?
activity tolerance sob comfort level cognitive ability musculoskeletal function skin condition
38
What should we encourage the pt to do before bathing?
void
39
What are the next steps before performing a bath?
hand hygiene apply clean gloves arrange all supplies on bedside table raise bed to comfy working height lower bed rail on nurses side help pt comfortable supine position assist pt to move toward nurse place bath towel/bath blanket over the pt
40
How should we remove the top sheet & gown?
have pt hold the towel/blanket while you remove top sheet from beneath towel w/out exposing the pt untie/unsnap gown & keep pt covered while pulling gown off pt
41
Where do we put dirty linens?
in a blue bag/hamper and NOT on the floor
42
Why do we not place dirty linens on the floor?
this causes a fall risk for us & other providers who come into the room
43
Should we remove the pt's pillow?
yes, if we are able to
44
What should we replace the pillow with?
a towel and raid the HOB 30-40 degrees
45
What should we first start with when bathing?
eyes, face, nose, neck, ears
46
What should we do first before washing the eyes?
check for contacts or remove glasses
47
How do we wash & dry pt's eyes?
wash using clean area with wash cloth & bathe from inner to outer conner dry gently & thoroughly around the eyes
48
What should we ask before washing a pt's face & neck?
ask if they want to have their face washed with soap or w/out soap
49
After asking what do we do next?
wash, rinse, dry face & neck
50
Should we provide skin care around the ears & nose?
yes!
51
How do we clean the ears?
clean w/ the end of a moistened washcloth rotated gently into the ear canal. gentle & downward transaction
52
Are we allowed to irrigate a pt's ears?
not without a dr order
53
What can we do if a pt is unable to blow their nose?
Wet a washcloth or a cotton-tipped applicator moistened in water or saline. never insert applicator beyond the length of the cotton tip
54
What do we place under the arm before washing the upper extrems
place bath towel lengthwise under the closest arm
55
How do we bathe the arms?
using long firm strokes & going proximal to distal (fingers to axilla)
56
How do we rinse arm & dry?
do this and dry fingers individually
57
How do we wash the armpit
raise & support arm wash, rinse, dry apply deodorant
58
How do we wash the chest?
cover chest w/ towel fold down to umbilicus bathe chest rinse & dry
59
How do we wash a women's chest?
move each breast w/ back of the hand & wash rinse & dry
60
How do we wash the abdomen?
place towels on chest fold to reveal abdomen bathe, rinse, dry abdomen well pay attention to belly button & surrounding folds
61
What do we do before going to wash the lower extrems?
change water
62
What do we do before starting to wash the lower extems
cover chest abdomen & legs w/ bath towel
63
What do we do when we wash lower extrems?
expose closest legs by folding towel closest to midline keep perineum & other leg covered place towel under leg
64
How do we wash lower extrems?
wash w/ long firm strokes move from ankle to knee move from knee to thigh then wash toes rinse & dry cover clean leg
65
What do we do before cleaning peri area?
change water & clean tub
66
Female peri care: how do we clean?
outer (labia majora) front to back cleanse labia minora front to back wipe center meatus from front to back wash inner thighs rinse & dry cover
67
How do we clean female peri area w/ a cath?
separate folds to expose cath use two fingers to hold cath clean around cath in circular motion pat dry
68
How do we clean a male peri area
retract foreskin (if applicable) wash around head wash down shaft toward thighs was scrotum front to back wash inner thighs rinse & dry return foreskin (if applicable) cover
69
how do we do male peri care w/ a cath
retract foreskin (if needed) hold cath w/ 2 fingers clean around cath in circular motion pat dry replace foreskin
70
What do we do before bathing back?
change water & gloves
71
How do we wash back, buttocks, anus
keep pt covered slide bath towel over shoulders to thighs wash rinse dry from neck to buttocks buttocks & anus remove fecal matter if applicable cleanse rinse dry
72
What do we do after finishing back?
if ordered apply skin cream give back rub if wanted put on new gown/pj's apply anti-embolism stockings as ordered
73
How do we do nail care?
soak hands/feet to soften cuticles clean & dry verify if order required before trimming nails
74
Who is the exception for nail care
pt's w/ diabetes mellitus & peripheral vascular disease
75
How do we clean dentures?
should be removed & brushed throughly utilizing appropriate brush & cleanser
76
What should we do w/ dentures when a pt is not wearing them?
keep them in a cup covered above the water cup should have an ID on it
77
How do we provide oral care to a decreased consciousness pt?
make sure suction is provided use green dental sticks w/ soultion
78
How do we assess the scalp?
use gloves & feel around
79
what benefits do brushing & combing have for the hair?
distributes oil prevents tangling, as does braiding obtain permission
80
How do we help with lice?
comb hair can order special shampoo (pediculicidal)
81
How do we help a pt shampoo?
if they are able to shampoo provide assistive devices to help shampoo for bedridden pt's shampoo board or no residue shampoo
82
How do we shave pt's
after bath shampoo use a razor shave in direction of hair growth longer strokes on larger area of face short strokes around chin & lips
83
how do we care for mustache & beards?
comb out them ask for permission before trimming

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