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IM1 > Infection Prevention & Control > Flashcards

Infection Prevention & Control Flashcards

1
Q

terms: Infection

A

when a pathogen invades tissues & begins multiplying w/in a host

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2
Q

terms: colonozation

A

Presence & multiplication of microorganism w/in a host but w/out tissue invasion or damage

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3
Q

terms: Communicable disease

A

that which can be transmitted from one individual to another

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4
Q

terms: Symptomatic infection

A

when pathogens multiply & cause signs & symptoms of disease

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5
Q

terms: Asymptomatic infection

A

when pathogens multiply but no clinical signs & symptoms are present

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6
Q

terms: virulence

A

ability to produce disease

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7
Q

What makes up prevention & control?

A

Hand hygiene
Barrier techniques
Antiseptics/Disinfectants
Immunizations/meds
Conscientious pt care

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8
Q

What is the most important action for preventing infection?

A

hand hygiene

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9
Q

Why is hand hygiene so important?

A

The longer the duration of care - w/out hand hygiene - the higher the degree of contamination (colonization) on the HCW’s hands

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10
Q

Who is our professional responsibility to?

A

pt’s
ourselves
coworkers
organizations
profession

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11
Q

What is a healthcare-associated infection?

A

Increased morbidity & mortality of pt’s
Increased costs to the org
Decreased trust

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12
Q

What are our 5 moments for hand hygiene?

A
  1. before touching a pt
  2. before clean/aseptic procedure
  3. after body fluid exposure risk
  4. after touching a pt
  5. after touching pt surroundings
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13
Q

What are natural defense mechanisms against infection?

A

Skin
Mouth
Eyes
Respiratory tract
Urinary tract
GI tract
Vagina

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14
Q

Chain of infection: What are the infectious agents?

A

Viruses
Bacteria
Fungus
Protozoans
Helminthes
Prions

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15
Q

Chain of infection: What is a reservoir?

A

any natural setting where growth & reproduction of an infectious agent can occur

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16
Q

Chain of infection: What are reservoirs?

A

Humans
Animals
Food
Water
Insects/Arthropods
Inanimate objects
Soiled or wet dressings
Hospital equipment

17
Q

Chain of infection: Where are portals of exit?

A

Respiratory: sputum, cough, sneeze
G-U: reproductive secretions, urine
G-I: saliva, emesis, blood & feces
Venous system: blood
MM & Non-Intact Skin: draining wounds
Eyes/ears

18
Q

Means of transmission: What is direct contact?

A

person to person

19
Q

Modes of transmission: what is indirect contact:

A

fomite (objects)

20
Q

Means of transmission: what is respiratory transmission?

A

through the air

21
Q

Means of transmission: what is vector transmission?

A

insect transmission

22
Q

Where are high touch areas for indirect contact transmission?

A

Gowns, linen, objects in immediate environment
Handles
IV poles
VS machines, stethoscopes
Accudata machines
Many others

23
Q

Disinfecting wipes: What are the uses for Bleach wipes

A

In cases where C-diff is suspected or confirmed & used in the case of loose or incontinent stool on equipment pr surfaces

24
Q

Disinfecting wipes: how long are bleach wipes required to be on the surface to kill pathogens?

A

3 mins of wet to dry on surfaces to kill pathogens

25
Q

Disinfecting wipes: When are Hydrogen Peroxide (H-P) wipes used?

A

used for most routine equipment & surface disinfection

26
Q

Disinfecting wipes: how long do hydrogen peroxide need to be on the surface to kill pathogens?

A

HP wipes require 1 min of wet to dry surfaces to kill pathogens

27
Q

Where are portal of entry sites?

A

GI-GU tract
Mucous membranes
Skin integrity tract
eyes

28
Q

Who are susceptible hosts?

A

Immunocompromised
Aged or the very young
Trauma/Surgery
Indwelling devices
Skin, mucous membrane breaks
Poor oxygenation
Impaired circulation
Chronic or acute disease
Antibiotic resistant (MDRO)
Poor aseptic measures
Stress
Crowded environments
Poor sanitation
Travel exposure

IM1 (18 decks)

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