Pharm Quiz 1 Flashcards
Terms: Drug
Any chemical that can affect living process
Terms: Pharmacology
The study of drugs & their interactions w/ living systems
Terms: Clinical Pharm:
The study of drugs in humans
Term: Therapeutics
The use of drugs to diagnose prevent, or treat disease or to prevent pregnancy
What are the Three Most Important Properties of an Ideal Drug
Effectiveness
Selectivity
Safety
What are Additional Ideal Drug Considerations?
Reversible action
Predictability
Ease of administration
Freedom from drug interaction
Low cost
Chemical stability
Simple generic name
What does Reversible action?
Able to be metabolized by the body or chemically nullified
What is predictability?
Knowing how the pt will respond
What is ease of admin?
Convenient route, low number of doses per day
What is freedom from drug interaction?
To not intensify or reduce effects of other drugs
What does low cost mean?
Easily affordable
What does chemical stability mean?
Indefinitely retain effectiveness & potency
What does simple generic name mean?
Easy to recall & pronounce
What is the therapeutic objective of drug therapy?
To provide maximum benefit while doing minimal harm
What are factors that affect response intensity?
Administration
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacodynamics
What are specifics of administration that affect response intensity?
Medication errors
Pt adherence
What are pharmacokinetics?
how the drug moves through the body
What are the specifics of pharmacokinetics that affect response intensity?
Absorption
Distribution
Metabolism
Excretion
What are pharmacodynamics?
how the drug affects the body
What are the specifics of pharmacodynamics that affect response intensity?
drug-receptor interaction
pt’s functional state
placebo effects
Factors that Affect Response Immunity on the side of the slide
Prescribed dose -> Administered dose -> Concentration at sites of action -> Intensity of responses
What is the systematic approach to nursing care?
Methodical
Logical
Orderly
What guides nursing decisions?
Medication
Safety
Regulations & Standards
What is the nursing process in drug therapy: APIE?
(Pre)Assessment & Analysis
Planning
Implementation
Evalution
What are the three goals for Preadministration Assessment?
Collect baseline data
Identify high-risk pt’s
Assess pt’s capacity for self-care
Why collect baseline data?
Safety
Response
Identifying high-risk pt’s
Assessing pt’s self-care ability
What is baseline data?
Pt history
Physical exam
Lab results
BP/VS
BS
Ht/wt
What can cause/be a high risk pt?
Liver & kidney impairment
Genetic factors
Drug allergies
Pregnancy
Elderly
Peds
Analysis: What makes up the nursing diagnosis?
Judge
Identity
Determine
Nursing diagnosis: Judge means
Appropriateness of prescribed regimen
Nursing diagnosis: Identify means
Potential health problems that the drug might cause
Nursing diagnosis: Determine means
Pt’s capacity for self-care
What makes up the Planning stage in the Nursing Diagnosis?
Define goals
Set priorities
Identify specific interventions
What does planning do for evaluation?
Planning establishes objective criteria for evaluation
What makes up the Implementation stage?
Drug administration
Pt edu
Interventions
What do interventions do?
Promote therapeutic effects
Minimize adverse effects
Minimize adverse drug interactions
What is evaluation?
Therapeutic responses
Adverse drug reactions & interactions
Adherence to prescribed regimen
Satisfaction w/ treatment
What are randomized control trials (RCTs)?
Control use
Randomization
Blinding
What are the stages of new drug development?
Preclinical testing
Clinical testing
Limitations
How many phases does clinical testing have?
Four phases
What are limitations to new drug development?
Women, Children
Phase II & III Trials
Discretionary Guideline
What are the three different categories drugs can be named?
Chemical
Generic
Trade
What are the labeling requirements for OTC drugs?
Plain language
Readable type
User-friendly format
What is the labeling format for OTC drugs?
Active ingredients listed first
Uses
Warnings
Directions
Inactive ingredients
