Sleep Flashcards
1
Q
rest
A
decreased state of decreased activity and result is feeling refreshed
2
Q
sleep
A
state of rest accompanied by altered level of consciousness
3
Q
decrease sleep affects what health
A
physical and psychlogic health
4
Q
you need un___________ sleep
A
fragmented
5
Q
unfragmented sleep leads to
A
increased energy, immune system, concentration, removed brain toxins
6
Q
NREM
A
non rapid eye movement
7
Q
how many stages of NREM
A
1-4
8
Q
stage 1 of NREM
A
transition stage between wakefulness and sleep, very light and easy to arouse
9
Q
stage 2 of NREM
A
light sleep, easily aroused
10
Q
how much time is spent in stage 2 of NREM
A
50%
11
Q
stage 3 of NREM
A
deeper sleep
12
Q
stage 4 of NREM
A
deep sleep state (data sleep)
13
Q
rapid eye movement
A
REM
14
Q
how much of sleep is NREM
A
75%
15
Q
how much of sleep is REM
A
20-25%
16
Q
what happens to pulse in REM
A
increases
17
Q
what happens to respiratory rate in REM
A
increases
18
Q
what happens to blood pressure in REM
A
increase
19
Q
what happens to metabolic rate in REM
A
increase
20
Q
what happens to temp in REM
A
increase
21
Q
what happens to skeletal muscle tone in REM
A
decrease
22
Q
what happens to deep tendon reflexes in REM
A
decrease
23
Q
what do you do in REM
A
dream
24
Q
how long are we in REM for
A
5-45 mins
25
deep sleep and REM are important
restorative functions
26
deep sleep restorative functions
growth, physical renewal, hormonal regulation
27
REM restorative functions
brain
- storing memories
- learning
- mood
28
need how long of deep sleep to feel rested
hour to hour and a half
29
we go in and out of REM through what stage
2
30
adults need how much sleep
7-9
31
older adult needs how much sleep
6-7
32
what stage in older adults is absent or decreased
4
33
older adults have ____________ rem sleep
decreased
34
older adults have
difficulty falling asleep
difficulty staying asleep
increase meds/diagnosis can affect sleep
wake up more often because decrease time in deep sleep
35
5 illnesses associated with sleep disturbances
gastroesophageal reflux
coronary artery disease
epilepsy
liver failure and encephalitis
end stage renal disease
36
why do gastroesophageal reflux have sleep disturbances
increase gastric secretions during REM sleep
37
why do coronary artery disease have sleep disturbances
angina increased in REM sleep
38
why do epilepsy have sleep disturbances
increase seizures in NREM
39
why do liver failure and encephalitis have sleep disturbances
total disruption of sleep wake cycle
40
why do end stage renal disease have sleep disturbances
disturbed sleep, increased day time sleep
41
what are some environmental factors that affect sleep in acute care settings
noises, lights,
sleep best in own home
trouble sleeping in new environment which leads to decreased REM and NREM
42
what are some psychological stressors that can affect sleep
hospital and illness can decrease sleep and increase anxiety
43
what are some meds that can impact sleep
diuretics, asthma meds
44
caffeine is a
CNS stimulant
45
alcohol toxicity affects
REM sleep
46
smoking substances with nicotine
stimulant affect
47
why do obese people have difficulty sleeping
hormonal regulation, related to appetite feeling of satiated
48
DM2, CVA, Breast cancer
hormonal imbalance
49
DYSSOMNIAS
anything causing difficulty falling asleep/staying asleep/ excessive daytime sleep
50
what are some sleep disorders/DYSSOMNIAS
insomnia, sleep related breathing disorder, narcolepsy, circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders
51
insomnia definition
difficulty falling asleep, intermittent sleep, early wakefulness
52
what is the most common sleep disorder
insomnia
53
who might be at risk for insomnia
older than 60, women after menopause, depression
54
acute insomnia
brief and due to life circumstance
55
what is insomnia often due to
disruptions in circadian rhythms or medications
56
what are some medications that lead to insomnia
antihypertensive, ADD, over counter cold and allergy
57
how do we treat insomina
behavior modification, medications, education
58
what is behavior modification
sleep rituals
59
what are some medications that can treat insomnia
muscle relaxants
60
what are some education we can tell our patient with insomnia
no napping, no exercise within 3 hours of sleep, only sleep when tired
61
who could be at risk for insomnia
shift workers, night shift
62
acute insomina
one time`
63
chronic insomina
3 times a week for 3 months
64
OSA
obstructive sleep apnea
65
OSA can be caused by
obesity and/or anatomical causes
66
signs and symptoms of OSA
excess daytime sleepiness, snoring, abnormal sleep study
67
OSA stay in what stage of sleep
1 and 2
68
what is an abnormal sleep study
polysonagram
69
treatment for OSA
weight reduction, CPAP, BiPAP
70
CPAP
continous positive airway pressure
- deliver pressure to keep airway open, difficulty exhale
71
BiPAP
biphasic positive airway pressure
- set with inspiratory pressure and cycle with exhalation
72
how does apnea affect sleep
increase CO2, so they wake up to catch breath and never get to REM
73
what is narcolepsy
uncontrolled desire to sleep
74
signs and symptoms of narcolepsy
sleep attacks, cataplexy, nightmares and hallucinations, sleep onset REM
75
what are sleep attacks related to
strong emotions
76
what is cataplexy
sudden loss of muscle tone, full body paralysis
77
narcolepsy always go to what type of sleep
REM
78
what is the treatment for narcolepsy
ritalin
79
who might have a misalignment between circadian rhythm and sleep wake cycle
shift work
jet lag
80
parasomnias
pattern of wakeful behavior that appears during REM/NREM
81
somnambulism
sleep walking
82
sleep terrors
deep stages of sleep and wake up screaming
83
nightmares
frightening dream
84
bruxism
grinding of teeth when asleep, indicator of stress
85
enuresis
nocturnal bed wetting deep sleep
86
what is a sleep related movement disorders
restless leg syndrome
87
what is restless leg syndrome
unpleasant creeping, crawling or tingling sensations in the legs while sleeping
88
treatment for restless leg syndrome
walking, massage to area, strethcing
89
restless leg syndrome can be related to
over the counter antihystamines
90
caffeine, nicotine, alcohol increase or decrease restless leg syndrome
increase
91
what to ask during interview of obtaining a sleep history
description of disturbance
sleep wake patterns
sleep wake habits
sleep aides
enegery level
92
how do we promote a restful environment
room dark
wrinkle free linens
temp is comftorable
close door
93
how do we promote bedtime ritual
stimulate at day, warm shower, tv read, pray and music at night
94
what should we offer before bedtime as a snack
carbs and protein, decrease fluid before bed
95
how do we promote relaxation and comfort
back rub and clean gown at night
96
we want to respect what as much as possible
normal sleep wake patterns
97
use meds to produce sleep
only useful first 1-2 weeks
98
hour of sleep is
10PM
99
teach about rest and sleep
avoid alcohol, caffeine, nicotine, no exercise 3 hours before bed, no daytime naps, avoid high fluid in evening, avoid disruptions in circadian rhythms
