Bowel Elimination Flashcards
how does age affect bowl movements
decreased motility
increased meds which can lead to constipation and diarrhea
decreased diet and fluid intake
decreased activity and exercise
increased meds
laxative abuse
sphincter abnormalities
what do we want fiber intake at
25-30g
what do we want fluid intake at
2-3L
how does activity and exercise promote bowel movements
promotes GI motility
gives good muscle tone
helps maintain bowel function
what meds cause constipation
narcotics
what meds cause diarrhea
antibiotics and opiods
stress can casue
constipation and diarrhea
how does surgery and anestihics affect bowel
stops peristalsis which could lead to small bowel obstruction
what is some diagnostic test that can affect bowels
contrast because it hardens
cystic fibrosis
fatty foul stools
diabetes
neuropathies
what does knowing If the patient is passing gas tell us
the bowels are moving
what do we want to asses when inspecting the anus
hemrooids
what do we want to know about the stool
color, consistency, amount
statoid
fatty
black stool could mean
iron
steadorrea
odor
- cystic fibrosis
pancreatic disease
how much do we need for culture and sensitivity
1 inch or 15-30mL
what is guaiac
occult blood
- blood that cannot be seen
before we perform an occult blood test what do we want to limit the patients diet to
no red meet
examples of direct visualization
colonoscopy, sigmoidoscopy, wireless capsulse
indirect visulaization
barium enema, barium swallow, CT, ultrasound
when doing an occult blood what color is positive
blue
what color is an upper GI bleed
black and dark, coffee grounds, tarry
what is a lower GI bleed look like
bright red
when doing a scope of the colon what side do we want them on
left lateral
when we have someone who is going through barium what do we want to give them
fluids and laxatives because barium hardens
constipation
dry hard stool that is hard to pass
impaction
hard immovable object
what is a tell tale sign that the impaction is higher up in GI
fluid water from rectum because only liquid is able to get around impaction
if you go to assess for impaction and you don’t feel anything in the rectum do they still have an impaction
yes it can be higher up
diarrhea
moving too fast through GI, water is not absorbed
incontintence
not aware and has no control
flatulence
gas
hemorrhoids
distended vein in rectum
bright red bleeding
small bowel obstruction can be caused by
surgery and anesthetics
small bowel obstructions stop
peristalsis
3 things we need to do to treat constipation
fluid, fiber, stool softener
is colace a laxitive
no
what does colace do
absorbs water and makes it easier to pass