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Fundamentals of Nursing > Hygiene > Flashcards

Hygiene Flashcards

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1
Q

personal hygiene
cleanliness and grooming that promotes ____________ and ______________ well being and enhances the ____________ process

A

physical, psychological, helaing

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2
Q

who is responsible of the patients hygiene

A

the nurse

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3
Q

4 principles of skin function

A

intact skin is the bodys first line of defense
resistance to skin injury varies among people
adequate nutrition and hydration of cells helps to prevent skin injury
adequate circulation is needed to maintain skin cell life

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4
Q

what is the bodys first line of defense

A

intact skin

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5
Q

what is needed to help prevent skin injury and maintain skin cell life

A

nutrition
hydration
circulation

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6
Q

what are the 3 failures that decrease patient outcome

A

failure to recognize, failure to rescue, failure to plan

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7
Q

braden score is for

A

pressure injuries

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8
Q

what are the 6 scores for braden scale

A

sensory preception
moisture
activity
mobility
nutrition
friction and shear

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9
Q

in the braden scale, the lower the score

A

higher the risk

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10
Q

what are some changes in elderly skin

A

thinning on subq and dermal layer
decrease activity of glands (sebaceous)
longer time window for cell renewal;
nail changes (nails get thicker and grow up)
decrease collagen fiber

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11
Q

are elderly at high or low risk for a pressure injury

A

high

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12
Q

what is consisted of in morning care

A

toileting
oral care
bathing and ROM (passive)
back massage (helps assess, relax and circulation)
hair care
denture care
anti embolism stockings
shaving
nail and foot care
eye, ear, nose
perineal care
linens
position for comfort
organize and clean up bedside

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13
Q

how do you shave face

A

down (with hair grain)

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14
Q

when we do perineal care what do we not want to use

A

powder

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15
Q

why do we not want to use powder on perineal care

A

powder can act as a medium for bacterial and fungal growth in an area that is dark and moist

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16
Q

when we do oral care where are we assessing

A

lips
color and surface of gums
teeth
tongue
hard and soft palates
dentures

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17
Q

what is the gold standard of care

A

brushing patients teeth

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18
Q

what might cause you to increase the amount of oral care

A

mouth breathing
on oxygen

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19
Q

why can we not take oral temp on someone receiving oxygen via a mask

A

because the O2 levels might drop during that time to get a temp
oxygen DOES NOT affect the actual temp number

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20
Q

when might we use a mouth swab

A

if the patient has no teeth

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21
Q

CPAP is what type of pressure

A

continue positive air pressure

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22
Q

what does CPAP help with

A

sleep apnea

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23
Q

how does a CPAP and sleep apnea work

A

the patient with sleep apnea never gets into deep sleep because the airway is obstructed a little bit after they sleep and are awoken due to increase CO2 levels

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24
Q

what is another name for standard precaution

A

blood borne precautions

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25
Q

why would we put a wash cloth underneath where we are washing dentures

A

dentures are porcelain so they could break/chip easily

26
Q

do we wear gloves when brushing teeth

A

yes
we are in contact with bodily fluids

27
Q

when we brush an unconscious patients teeth how would we position their head

A

on the side so water can flow out

28
Q

what are some medical treatments and/or diseases that create dry oral cavity

A

oxygen therapy
nasogastric tubes
medications
mouth breathing (occurs with infection)
mechanical ventilation

29
Q

asphyxia can be caused by

A

inspissated oral and nasopharyngeal secretions

30
Q

lack of oral care leads to

A

VAP

31
Q

lack of oral care can also cause issues with what other body system

A

renal

32
Q

what are the purposes of bathing

A

cleansing and conditioning of skin
relaxation
promotes circulation
improvement of self image and emotional well being
movement and exercise
assessment opportunities
strengthens nurse/patient relationship

33
Q

what are the types of baths

A

showers
bathing
- complete
-partial assist
CHG
bag

34
Q

what does a CHG bath do

A

reduces the pathogens on skin
doesn’t replace a bath and is normally used after the normal bath

35
Q

why are bag baths good for elderly

A

because they are no rinse and not actual soap so it will not dry out the skin

36
Q

we want to wash the face with a

A

wash cloth

37
Q

when giving a bed bath we only want what exposed

A

the working extremity exposed

38
Q

studies show that daily baths with CHG reduce the risk of

A

MDRO and HAI

39
Q

MDRO

A

multi drug resistant organisms

40
Q

what are some medial/surgical sites that we make sure to use CHG wipes on

A

Central IV lines
PICC lines
Mid lines
hemodialysis

41
Q

how do we go through bathing protocol when we have a patient who needs CHG wipes

A

bathe the patient first (bed bath/shower/bath) and then wipe down with CHG wipes and then use CHG compatible lotions

42
Q

how many packs of CHG wipes will you need for one patient

A

3 packs
6 wipes

43
Q

what does the yellow light mean on the wipe warmer

A

cloth is warming, not ready yet

44
Q

what does a solid green light mean on the wipe warmer

A

cloth is ready to use

45
Q

what does a blinking light green light mean on the wipe warmer

A

cloth is aging out, use this one first

46
Q

what does a red light mean on the wipe warmer

A

cloth is expired, do not use, dispose of it

47
Q

what areas do we use one CHG wipe

A
  1. neck, chest, abdomen, groin
  2. back and butt
  3. left arm
  4. right arm
  5. left leg
  6. right leg
48
Q

where do we not use CHG wipes

A

face
perineal area
mucous membranes
severly abraded skin

49
Q

how long does a external female catheter last

A

8-12 hours

50
Q

when we have a female patient with a external female catheter what do we not want to use

A

barrier cream
may impede suction

51
Q

when we clean the penis where do we start

A

LEAST CONTAMINATED (head)
TO
MOST CONTAMINATED (shaft)

52
Q

when we apply a condom catheter to a patient that is uncircumcised how do we apply it

A

clean (retract foreskin to clean)
replace foreskin!!
place condom catheter

53
Q

foley care

A

cleaning perineal area
cleaning 6 inches down tube
tube must be secured to thigh
green clip is clamped
tubing is off floor and no dependent loops

54
Q

when might we apply a patch/thick bandaid on a patients sacral area

A

if braden scale is less than 18
history of ulcers
any redness
CVA (cannot reposition)
ICU patient

55
Q

how do we clean eyes

A

inner to outer

56
Q

what is important to check if our patient is getting O2 via nasal cannula

A

check behind the ears to make sure the skin is not breaking down due to rubbing of the tubing on the skin

57
Q

what types of ointments do we use for nares

A

WATER SOLUBLE

58
Q

where do we put vaseline at

A

lips only

59
Q

benefits of a back massage

A

acts as a general body conditioner
relieves muscle tension and promotes relaxation
provides opportunity for nurse to observe skin for signs of breakdown
improves circulation
may decrease pain, distress, anxiety
may improve sleep quality

60
Q

how do we care for diabetics feet

A

wash with lukewarm water (why? cannot feel bc of neuropathy)
dry really good especially in between toes
apply lotion but not in-between toes
check for cuts/blisters/redness
trim toenails across and file edge (file overall is best)
change socks daily (preferable cotton socks)
never walk barefoot
examine shoes daily

61
Q

what do we do for comfort and safety before we leave the room

A

Position for comfort
lighting
noise of TV
call light in reach
bed in low position
side rails as appropriate
label everything
remove trash
bedside bag
curtains open
room stocked
check sharps

Fundamentals of Nursing (23 decks)

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