Skin Lesions: Dairy Cattle Flashcards
Ringworm is the most __ skin lesion of dairy cattle and is __ forming fungus , ___ and typically in younger animals or __ animals. What do lesions typically look like and how would you treat it?
Ringworm is the most common skin lesion of dairy cattle and is spore forming fungus , ZOONOTIC and is typically in younger animals or immunocompromised animals. Lesions are typically greyisch scabby areas with no hair and are typically self limiting but can be treated with gentle soap, 2-4% iodine solution or clotrimazole (careful with other cows licking it off)
You’ve been treating a dairy cow for ringworm for the past couple weeks, how do you know if its healing?
Hair will start to grow back in the middle of the lesion
Primary Photosensitization happens by __ or __ through the skin of photodynamic agents which are typically __ or __ plants. Lesions will appear on the non pigmented skin, nose and udder. It most commonly happens when cattle have been eating __ and then switch to __ which introduces too much chlorophyll to the body making ___that ends up in the skin leading to photosensitization.
Primary Photosensitization happens by ingestion or absorption through the skin of photodynamic agents which are typically Buckwheat or St. John’s wort plants. Lesions will appear on the non pigmented skin, nose and udder. It most commonly happens when cattle have been eating dry hay and then switch to lush pasture which introduces too much chlorophyll to the body making phylloerythrin that ends up in the skin leading to photosensitization.
Treatment for primary photosensitization
Stop intake, provide shade, and prevent secondary infections and provide pain relief necessary
Type II photosensitization
This is a genetic/inherited aberrant pigment metabolism and is RARE. It requires a homozygous recessive gene for congenital erythropoietic porphyria. These animals will not live very long.
Secondary photosensitization happens in cattle with impaired __ secretion caused by ingestion of toxins in __ typically or infection. It’s typically on non-pigmented skin with icterus and prognosis is __.
Secondary photosensitization happens in cattle with impaired hepatobiliary secretion caused by ingestion of toxins(pyrolizidine alkaloids) in weeds typically or infection. It’s typically on non-pigmented skin with icterus and prognosis is poor.
How can you prevent secondary photosensitization?
Provide appropriate quantity and quality feed/forage so they don’t start eating weeds
Bovine Ulcerative Mammilitis causes decreased __ and increased __ . What lesions will you see on the teats and how would you treat?
Bovine Ulcerative Mammilitis causes decreased milk production and increased mastitis. The teats will have mild small edematous lesions with vesicles the rupture and scab. Treatment is typically supportive care with iodophore teat dips with emollients and isolating affected cows and milk last.
Pseudocowpox is a __ that will present as small red papules/vesicles with __ around the perimeter of the __ tissue. It is __ and lesions can persist for ___.
Pseudocowpox is a Parapoxvirus that will present as small red papules/vesicles with scabs around the perimeter of the granulation tissue. It is ZOONOTIC and lesions can persist for several months.
Bovine Warts is a __ that causes small, __ like , __ lesions that can be on the teat end and interfere with milking. They can be removed and are transmissible through direct or indirect contact.
Bovine Warts is a papillomavirus that causes small, frond-like , non-painful lesions that can be on the teat end and interfere with milking. They can be removed and are transmissible through direct or indirect contact.
Pseudocowpox looks like __. Mammilitis looks like __, and bovine warts look like__. All can be found on teats
Pseudocowpox looks like scabs around granulation tissue, Mammilitis looks like ulcerated vesicles, and bovine warts look like fronds. All can be found on teats.
Hyperkeratosis can be graded from normal to very rough and is more common in _ cows later in __. The lesions cause __ to get stuck up in the teat and predisposes to infections like mastitis. To prevent this from happening, farmers should ensure proper __ and __ teats along with __ dipping.
Hyperkeratosis can be graded from normal to very rough and is more common in older cows later in lactation. The lesions cause bacteria to get stuck up in the teat and predisposes to infections like mastitis. To prevent this from happening, farmers should ensure proper milk letdown and cleansing of teats along with post dipping.
Udder Edema results from impaired __ and __circulation from __ pressure and/or a decrease in protein on optic pressure as IgG’s put into the udder. It’s more common in __ and is multifactorial.
Udder Edema results from impaired blood and lymph circulation from fetal pressure and/or a decrease in protein on optic pressure as IgG’s put into the udder. It’s more common in heifers and is multifactorial.
Udder Cleft dermatitis happens when swollen skin of the udder pushes against the leg or other udder causing __ and is associated with __ mange. It can be treated with antibacterial, drying and a mild __ application.
Udder Cleft dermatitis happens when swollen skin of the udder pushes against the leg or other udder causing necrosis and is associated with sarcoptic mange. It can be treated with antibacterial, drying and a mild astringent application.
