Skin infections and infestations Flashcards
What is the process of HSV?
Primary exposure leads to latent infection and a cycling response of clinical episodes an latent infection
What are the 2 types of HSV?
HSV-1= oral herpes HSV-2= gental herpes
How is HSV transmitted?
Usually by direct contact
What are the signs and symptoms of HSV?
Blistering sores
Itching
Fever, lymphadenopathy, lack of appetite, fatigue, headaces
HSV-2= painful urination
What is the treatment of HSV?
Aciclovir
What is the process of HZV?
Primary exposure leads to chicken pox then latent infection, which can be reactivated causing shingles then returning to latent infection
What are the signs and symptoms of shingles?
Red skin rash that causes pain and burning, typically on one side of the body in small patches
Vesicles or bulla that break easily
What is the treatment of HZV?
Aciclovir in higher doses than in HSV
What is the initial presentation of ORF?
Red, itchy, painful plaque, usually fingers, hands, forearms or fae
What are the signs and symptoms of ORF?
Bulla or pustule/abscess that weeps fluid will develop then crust over
Pyrexia, fatigue, lymphadenopathy
What is the treatment of ORF?
None- self limiting
When is the peak incidence of molluscum contagiosum?
~10 years
What causes molluscum contagiosum?
Viral
What are the signs and symptoms of molluscum contagiosum?
Small red raised papule with characteristic small dimple in the middle, most often in armpit, behind knees or in groin
Itchy
Wat is the treatment of molluscum contagiosum?
Cryotherapy
Expression and antiseptic
When is treatment recommended in molluscum contagiosum?
In older children and adults if spots unsightly or impact quality of life
What causes scabies?
Ectoparasites
What are the signs and symptoms of scabies?
Intense itching, esp at night
Pimple like rash, papule and vesicles
Burrows- if there is 1 burrow this is enough for diagnosis
What is the treatment of scabies?
Cream- lyclear, all over body
Treat close contact also
What are the types of warts?
Plantar Genital Plane Filliform Mosaic
What causes warts?
HPV
What is the appearance of plantar warts?
Flesh coloured or light brown
Flecked with small clotted blood vessels that may appear as black dots
What is the appearance of genital warts?
Flesh coloured, pink or red growth in or around sex organs
What is the treatment of warts?
Cryotherapy Salicylic acid Covering with duct tape Surgical removal Laser surgery
What can fungal infections cause?
Tinea pedis Tinea cruris Tinea corporis Tinea barbae Kerion
What in tinea pedis?
Athlete’s foot
What is tinea cruris?
Fungal infection of crotch
Common in people with athletes foot
What is tinea corporis?
Fingal infection of body- ringworm
What is tinea barbae?
Fungal infection in hair follicles
What is the treatment of tinea barbae?
Systemic antifungals
What is a kerion?
Abscess caused by fungal infection, usually in scalp
What is the treatment of a kerion?
Topica; and systemic treatment
What is impetigo?
Highly contagious bacterial skin infection
What causes impetigo?
Usually staph aureus
What is the appearance of impetigo?
Golden coloured blisters/sores
What s a furuncle?
Boil
What causes a furuncle?
Staph aureus infection of hair follicle
What is the appearance of a furuncle>
Painful swollen area with accumulation of pus and dead tissue
What is a carbuncle?
Collection of builds connected under the skin
Infection of hair follicles with collection of pus under skin
What is erysipelas?
Infection of upper dermis
What is the appearance of erysipelas?
Sharply demarcated raised edge of red, warm rash
Enlarges rapidly
What causes erysipelas?
Streptococcus
What is cellulitis?
Infection deep into dermis, will cause systemic illness
What causes cellulitis?
Staph aureus and streptococcus
What is the appearance of cellulitis?
Diffuse border, red appearance
What is ecthyma?
Crusted scored beneath which ulcers form down into dermis
What is the main cause of ecthyma?
Staph aureus
