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Y2 DERM > Skin Infections > Flashcards

Skin Infections Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

what toxins produced by s. aureus can affect the skin

A

PVL, SSST

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2
Q

what is the commonest infecting organism in cellulitis

A

s. aureus

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3
Q

which skin layer is infected in cellulitis

A

dermis

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4
Q

what infecting organisms are found in impetigo

A

s. aureus or s. pyogenes

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5
Q

what are the infecting organisms in boils and carbuncles

A

s. aureus

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6
Q

what skin layer is erysipelas

A

epidermis, more superficial than cellulitis

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7
Q

what is the infecting organism in erysipelas

A

s. pyogenes

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8
Q

what is the management of s. aureus skin infections

A

fluclox

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9
Q

what is the management of impetigo

A

topical fluclox

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10
Q

what is the common infecting organisms in necrotising fasciitis

A

s. aureus PVL or s. pyogenes

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11
Q

what clue in the history is suggestive of necrotising fascitis

A

disproportionate pain

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12
Q

what is the management of s. pyogenes skin infections

A

PO penicillin

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13
Q

what is management options of candidiasis / thrush

A

TOP clotrimazole
PO fluconazole
nystatin

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14
Q

what is the management of the fungal infection pityriasis versicolor

A

ketoconazole

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15
Q

what is a dermatophyte

A

a fungi requiring keratin

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16
Q

how is ringworm diagnosed

A

clipping/scraping for microscopy/culture

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17
Q

what type of infection is ringworm

A

dermatophyte fungus

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18
Q

what is the management of ringworm on the skin

A

TOP clotrimazole

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19
Q

what is the management of ringworm on the nail

A

PO terbinafine

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20
Q

what is the management of ringworm on the scalp

A

PO terbinafine or itraconazole

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21
Q

what type of pathogen is rubella

A

virus

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22
Q

how is rubella diagnosed

A

rubella IgM antibody

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23
Q

what is the major risk in rubella

A

fetus damage

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24
Q

what is the presentation of rubella

A

fever, arthralgia, erythema, cervical lymphadenopathy, sof palate petechial haemorrhages

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25
Q

what is the likely cause of a fleshy firm 1-2mm pearly nodule on a child

A

molluscum contagiosum

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26
Q

what is the infecting organism in molluscum contagiosum

A

pox virus

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27
Q

what is the management of molluscum contagiosum

A

self limiting over a few months

28
Q

what is the presentation of herpangina

A

blisters on the back of mouth and feever

29
Q

what is the infecting organism in herpangina

A

enterovirus coxsackie/echo

30
Q

how is herpangina diagnosed

A

PCR swab

31
Q

what is the management of herpangina

A

self limiting

32
Q

what is the diagnosis for a middle age sheep farmer but a firm fleshy nodule on his hands

A

orf

33
Q

are any investigations required for orf

A

no

34
Q

what is the management of orf

A

self limiting

35
Q

describe the evolution of the rash in chickenpox varicella

A

macular > papular > vesicular

36
Q

describe the pattern of the location of chickenpox varicella

A

centripedal: denser on torso

37
Q

what is the pattern on transmission for chickenpox varicella

A

droplet spread

38
Q

what factors increase the likeliness of chickenpox varicella having severe infection

A

neonate or old

39
Q

what is the presentation of chickenpox varicella

A

fever, itchy rash

40
Q

what is the management of chickenpox varicella

A

self limiting

41
Q

what are the complications of chickenpox varicella

A

bacterial pneumonitis, scar, encephalitis

42
Q

what is the other name for slap cheek

A

erythema infectiosum

43
Q

what is the infecting agent in slap cheek aka erythema infectiosum

A

parvovirus B19

44
Q

how does slap cheek aka erythema infectiosum affect adults

A

small joint arthritis + rash

45
Q

how is slap cheek aka erythema infectiosum diagnosed

A

IgM antibody

46
Q

why does shingles zoster infections recur

A

virus remains latent in dorsal root sensory ganglia

47
Q

what is the presentation of shingles zoster

A

dermatomal erythematous vesicles + neuralgia

48
Q

what is a red flag in shingles zoster and why

A

CNV1 ophthalmic division affected since sight threatening (urgent ophtho referral)

49
Q

what is ramsay hunt syndrome

A

a complication of shingles zoster causing CNVII palsy and ear symptoms

50
Q

what is the management of shingles zoster

A

PO acyclovir + tramadol for pain relief

51
Q

what is a complication of shingles zoster and how does it present

A

post-herpetic neuraliga; trigeminal pain for >4wk

52
Q

what is the infecting agent in hand warts

A

human papilloma virus

53
Q

what is the management of hand warts

A

self limiting, TOP salicylic acid or cryotherapy

54
Q

how does human papilloma virus affect the feet

A

verruca

55
Q

what is gingivostomatitis

A

the initial presentation of herpes simplex virus infection

56
Q

what type of herpes simplex virus causes oral lesions

A

HSV1

57
Q

give 2 complications of herpes simplex virus infection

A

erythema multiforme, encephalitis

58
Q

what is the aetiology of erythema multiforme

A

drugs or herpes simplex

59
Q

describe the rash in erythema multiforme

A

target lesions

60
Q

how is herpes simplex virus diagnosed

A

swab for virus PCR

61
Q

what is the management of herpes simplex virus infection

A

acyclovir when actively replicating

62
Q

what is the management of scabies

A

malathoin lotion, benzyl benzoate, isolation

63
Q

what type of scabies can occur in immunocompromised patients

A

crusted scabies

64
Q

what is the medical name for head lice

A

pediculus capitis

65
Q

what rash does lyme disease cause

A

erythema migrans

66
Q

how is lyme disease diagnosed

A

clinical diagnosis

67
Q

what is the management of lyme disease

A

doxycyline

Y2 DERM (11 decks)

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