Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Y2 DERM > Physiology > Flashcards

Physiology Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

Layers of the epidermis

A

stratum corneum
granular layer
prickle cell layer
basal layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

cells in the stratum corneum

A

keratinocytes, corneocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is a corneocyte

A

hardened dead keratinocyte

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

soluble factors in stratum corneum

A

filaggrin, odland lamellar bodies, involucrin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

which layer of the epidermis has the highest lipid content

A

granular layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

is the stratum corneum hydrophilic or hydrophobic

A

hydrophilic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

is the granular layer hydrophilic or hydrophobic

A

hydrophobic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

where is a langerhan cell found

A

epidermis, mainly prickle cell layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is a langerhan cell

A

dendritic APC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is a birbeck granule

A

tennis racket shape, unknown function, in langerhan cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

how thick is basal layer

A

1 cell thick

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

which layer of epidermis is most metabolically active

A

basal layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the melanocyte: basal cell ratio

A

1:10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

in which layer of the epidermis are melanocytes found

A

basal layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

function of melanocytes

A

dendritic, convert tyrosine -> melanin, cap protects nuclear DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what do melanocytes look like on histology

A

pale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

DEJ function

A

anchorage, adhesion, basal cell differentiation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

where are meissner’s corpuscles found

A

dermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

where are pacinian corpuscles found

A

subcutis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

meissner’s corpuscles function

A

sense vibration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

pacinian corpuscles function

A

sense pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

contents of dermis

A

collagen, fibroblasts, lymphatics, blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what germ layer is the dermis formed from

A

mesoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

where are sebaceous glands found

A

face/chest/back

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

where are apocrine glands found

A

axillae/perineum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

where are eccrine glands found

A

whole skin surface except soles and palms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

sebaceous gland function

A

produce sebum, adjacent pilosebaceous unit, hormone sensitive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

apocrine gland function

A

produce odor, androgen dependent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

eccrine gland

A

sympathetic cholinergic, sweat

30
Q

skin commensals

A

s. epidermidis, cornebacterium (diptheriod), proprionobacterium in axilla

31
Q

hair growth phases

A

anagen growing, catagen involuting, telogen resting

32
Q

define hyperkeratosis

A

> keratin layer thickness

33
Q

define parakeratosis

A

persistence of nuclei in keratin layer

34
Q

define papillomatosis

A

irregular epithelial thickening

35
Q

define spongiosis

A

oedema between squames, increased prickle cell layer +- fluid vesicles

36
Q

what does spongiosis look like on histology

A

white spaces

37
Q

wound healing stages

A

inflammation, proliferation, remodelling

38
Q

where would you use a lotion

A

hairy area

39
Q

difference between cream and ointment

A

cream has higher water content & contains preservatives compared to ointment

40
Q

where would you used a gel

A

hairy area

41
Q

factors affecting drug absorption across stratrum corneum

A

stratum corneum thickness, vehicle, skin hydration, epidermis integrity

42
Q

fastest rate of drug absorption

A

lipophilic drug in hydrophilic vehicle

43
Q

keratolytic example

A

salicylic acid ointment

44
Q

keratolytic uses

A

viral warts, eczema, psoriasis, callus

45
Q

antiseptic examples

A

povidone iodine, hydrogen peroxide

46
Q

glucocorticoids; vasoconstrict or vasodilate

A

vasoconstrict

47
Q

glucocorticoid mechanism

A

Lipophilic (diffuse across membrane), in cytoplasm combine with GRα, translocate to nucleus, bind to glucocorticoid response elements GRE in promoter region of genes; transcription switched on/off to alter mRNA levels.

48
Q

glucocorticoids lipophilic or hydrophilic

A

lipophilic

49
Q

glucocorticoids use

A

eczema, psoriasis, lichen planus, keloids, hypertrophic scare

50
Q

glucocorticoid SE

A

steroid reboud, skin atrophy, immune suppression, stretch marks, rosacea, depression, purpura, perioral dermatitis, telangiectasia, glaucoma

51
Q

what is an excipient

A

not active ingredient, enhances absorption

52
Q

what is the excipient in glucocorticoids

A

propylene glycol

53
Q

which t cells are in epidermis

A

cd8+

54
Q

which t cells are in dermis

A

cd8+ & cd4+

55
Q

examples of mast cell degranulation stimuli

A

substance P, allergen, codeine, IgE, anti-IgE

56
Q

things released by mast cell degranulation

A

tryptase, heparin, histamine, IL3, IL4, IL5, IL6, IL8, IL13, TNF-a, platelet activating factor, prostaglandin D2, leukotrienes

57
Q

virulence factor definition

A

component of pathogen increasing virulence

58
Q

virulence factor examples

A

toxin, adhesin

59
Q

adhesin definition

A

enables organism binding to host tissue, ECM molecules on epithelial surfaces & in blood clots

60
Q

adhesin examples

A

fibrinogen-binding protein, collagen-binding protein CAN

61
Q

invasin definition

A

enables organism to invade host

62
Q

impedin definition

A

enables organism to avoid host defense mechanisms

63
Q

aggressin definition

A

damage to host directly

64
Q

modulin definition

A

damage to host indirectly

65
Q

what type of epithelium is in the epidermis

A

stratified squamous keratinised epithelium

66
Q

what cell type migrates from the neural crest

A

melanoblasts

67
Q

function of a merkel cell

A

mechanoreceptors for light touch

68
Q

where are merkel cells located

A

basal layer

69
Q

what is the function of a melanocyte

A

convert tyrosine to melanin, cap protects DNA

70
Q

what type of cell produces collagen

A

fibroblasts

Y2 DERM (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions