Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Y2 DERM > Non-Inflammatory Skin Diseases > Flashcards

Non-Inflammatory Skin Diseases Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

what is the pathology of vitiligo

A

autoimmune, loss of melanocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are the types of epidermolysis bullosa

A

simplex, junctional, dystrophic, aquista

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what layer of the skin is affected for epidermolysis bullosa to scar

A

dermis (dystrophic type)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is a haploinsufficiency mutation

A

1 working copy, 1 inactivated from mutation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the presentation of epidermolysis bullosa

A

skin falls off, tight mitten hands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is a comedone

A

clogged pilosebaceous unit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the difference between a blackhead and a whitehead

A

whitehead: closed comedone
blackhead: open comedone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what type of bacteria colonise the duct in acne vulgaris

A

anaerobic diphtheriods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what occludes in the duct in acne vulgaris

A

keratin and sebum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what areas of the body are affected by acne vulgaris

A

sebaceous gland site; face, chest, back

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what age some risk factors for acne vulgaris

A

FH, contraceptive pill, teenager, CCS, drugs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the first line management of acne vulgaris

A

PO doxycycline + TOP retinoid + benzyl peroxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what kind of drug is benzyl peroxide

A

keratolytic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what kind of drug is a retinoid

A

vit A derivative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is the 2nd line management of acne vulgaris

A

PO isotrenitoin + PO contraceptive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what type of drug is isotrenitoin

A

systemic retinoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what has to been considered when prescribing isotrenitoin

A

only hospital can prescribe and teratogen, also many side effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is the management of acne vulgaris in a patient that can’t tolerate isotrenitoin

A

PO steroids and dapsone cream

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what condition is linked to acne rosacea

A

rhinophyma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what ages are affected by acne rosacea

A

30-60 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what gender is more commonly affected by acne rosacea

A

females

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what infecting organism is found in acne rosacea

A

demodex mites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what areas are affected by acne rosacea

A

central face, chin, forehead

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what are the triggers of acne rosacea

A

alcohol, spine, temp, UV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

are there comedones in rosacea

A

no

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

what is the pathology of rosacea

A

vascular ectasia, perifollicular granulomas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

what is the 1st line management of rosacea

A

PO tetracycline or TOP metronidazole, suncream

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what managements can be considered 2nd line for rosacea

A

isotrenitoin, telangiectasia vascular laser

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

what is the inheritance pattern of tuberous sclerosis

A

autosomal dominant but new mutations common

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

what is mutated in tuberous sclerosis

A

tuberin / hamartin tumour regulating genes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

what areas of the body are affected by tuberous sclerosis

A

nails, teeth, skin, heart, lung kidney

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

what is seen on the nails in tuberous sclerosis

A

periungual fibromata and longitudinal nail ridging

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

what is seen on the teeth in tuberous sclerosis

A

tooth enamel pitting

34
Q

what is seen on the skin in tuberous sclerosis

A

shagreen patches, ash-leaf depigmented macules, facial angiofibroma

35
Q

what type of tumour can affect internal organs in tuberous sclerosis

A

hamartoma

36
Q

what is seen on x-ray in tuberous sclerosis

A

bone cysts

37
Q

what is the management of tuberous sclerosis

A

rapamycin

38
Q

what type of drug is rapamycin

A

m-TOR signalling inhibitor

39
Q

what is acrochordons

A

skin tag

40
Q

what is striae distensae

A

stretch marks

41
Q

what is hidradenitis suppurativa

A

boils in apocrine areas

42
Q

what effect does obesity have on collagen

A

deceases collagen deposition decreasing mechanical strength

43
Q

what endocrine pathology occurs in the skin in obesity

A

increased androgens in peripheral fat, increased apocrine/eccrine activity

44
Q

is microvascular or macrovascular dysfunction occurring in the skin in obesity

A

microvascular

45
Q

how can obesity affect hair

A

hirsutism or androgenic alopecia

46
Q

what is the name of the pigmented rash in the axillae seen in obesity

A

acanthosis nigricans

47
Q

what is itertrigo

A

red plaque in skin fold

48
Q

what is the pathology of porphyria

A

metabolic disorder where porphyrins e.g. heme accumulate in skin

49
Q

what is the commonest type of porphyria

A

PCT porphyria cutanea tarda

50
Q

what is the presentation of porphyria cutanea tarda

A

blister, fragile skin, sunburn easily, hyperpigmented, hypertrichosis

51
Q

what is hypertrichosis

A

excess hair growth

52
Q

what is the pathology of erythropoetic protoporphyria

A

ferrochelatase deficiency

53
Q

what organ other than the skin is affected by erythropoetic protoporphyria

A

liver

54
Q

what is the presentation of erythropoetic protoporphyria

A

sunburn easy, itch, red, swelling

55
Q

what is the presentation of acute intermittent porphyria

A

rare attacks of severe pain, nausea, vomiting, BP, (doesn’t affect skin)

56
Q

what is the pathology of nelson’s disease

A

benign pituitary tumour causing excess melanin stimulating hormone

57
Q

what is the presentation of lymphoedema

A

champagne flute shape legs, thick skin, scaling

58
Q

what type of ulcer is lymphoedema a risk factor for

A

venous ulcers

59
Q

what is the definition of a chronic leg ulcer

A

open lesion between knee and ankle joint unhealed for >4 weeks

60
Q

what is the most common type of chronic leg ulcer

A

venous

61
Q

what causes hyperpigmentation in chronic leg ulcers

A

haemosiderin deposits in venous dermatitis

62
Q

where are venous leg ulcers found

A

gaiter area / above medial malleolus

63
Q

where are arterial leg ulcers found

A

proximal or foot

64
Q

what conditions are linked to venous leg ulcers

A

varicosity, lipodermatosclerosis, obesity

65
Q

what kind of leg ulcer causes patients to swing their leg out of the bed

A

arterial

66
Q

what is the presentation of arterial leg ulcers

A

punched out, deep, cold, +- absent pulse

67
Q

what condition linked to crohn’s disease can cause leg ulcers

A

pyoderma gangrenosum

68
Q

what condition linked to diabetes mellitus can can leg ulcers

A

necrobiosis lipoidica

69
Q

what test determines where a chronic leg ulcer is arterial or venous

A

ABPI ankle brachial pressure index

70
Q

what is a normal ABPI

A

1

71
Q

what is an arterial ulcer ABPI

A

less than <0.6

72
Q

what is a venous ulcer ABPI

A

0.8-1.3

73
Q

what causes a ABPI > 1.5

A

calcification in diabetes or renal failure

74
Q

when is a swab required for an ulcer

A

if pain, exudate, malodour

75
Q

what is the management of necrotic tissue in an ulcer

A

debride, hydrogrel, honey

76
Q

what organisms in an ulcer require antibiotic treatment

A

s. aureus or a. pyogenes

77
Q

what is the basic pathology of neurofibromatosis

A

nerve ending overgrowth

78
Q

what is the inheritance pattern of neurofibromatosis

A

autosomal dominant

79
Q

what is seen on the skin in both types neurofibromatosis

A

coast of maine macules and cafe au lait

80
Q

which type of neurofibromatosis affects the eyes and what does it cause

A

type 1, causes optic gliomas and lisch nodule

81
Q

which tumours are very suspicious of neurofibromatosis type 2

A

bilateral vestibular schwannoma and meningiomas

82
Q

which type of neurofibromatosis causes axillary freckling and learning difficulties

A

type 1

Y2 DERM (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions