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HLI > Skin disease terminology > Flashcards

Skin disease terminology Flashcards

1
Q

Macule

A

Circumscribed lesion of <10 mm in diameter characterized by flatness and usually discoloured

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2
Q

Patch

A

Circumscribed lesion of >10 mm in diameter characterized by flatness and usually discoloured

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3
Q

Papule

A

Elevated dome-shaped or flat-topped lesion <10 mm across.

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4
Q

Nodule

A

Elevated lesion with spherical contour >10 mm across.

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5
Q

Plaque

A

Elevated flat-topped lesion, usually >5 mm across (may be caused by coalescent papules).

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6
Q

Vesicle

A

Fluid-filled raised lesion <10 mm across.

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7
Q

Bulla

A

Fluid-filled raised lesion >10 mm across.

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8
Q

Pustule

A

Discrete, pus-filled, raised lesion.

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9
Q

Crust

A

dried exudate serum, pus, blood cells, scales adherent to the skin surface

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10
Q

Erythema

A

superficial reddening due to dilation of capillaries

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11
Q

Wheal

A

Itchy, transient, elevated lesion with variable blanching and erythema formed as the result of dermal oedema.

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12
Q

Scale

A

Dry, horny, plate-like excrescence; usually the result of imperfect cornification (i.e., keratinization).

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13
Q

Lichenification

A

Thickened,leathery rough skin characterized by prominent skin markings; usually the result of repeated friction.

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14
Q

Excoriation

A

Traumatic lesion characterized by breakage of the epidermis, causing a raw linear area (i.e., a deep scratch)

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15
Q

Ulcer

A

a break in the continuity of the epidermis with exposure of underlying dermis

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16
Q

Pyoderma

A

skin infection and characterised by formation of pus

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17
Q

Epidermal collarette

A

a type of scale arranged in a circular rim of loose keratin flakes or peeling keratin, usually representing the remnants of a vesicle, bulla, pustule or papule

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18
Q

Comedone

A

A comedo (plural comedones) is a plugged follicular orifice

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19
Q

callus

A

a thickened, rough, hyperkeratotic, alopecic and often lichenified plaque, typically over bony prominences as a result of pressure and chronic low grade friction

20
Q

scar

A

an area of fibrous tissue that has replaced the damaged dermis or subcutaneous tissue

21
Q

Atrophy

A

wasting away of tissue

22
Q

Hyperkeratosis

A

Thickening of the stratum corneum

23
Q

Parakeratosis

A

retention of the nuclei in the stratum corneum.

24
Q

Hyperplasia

A

Increased thickness of non-cornified epidermis due to increased numbers of epidermal cells and involves rete ridge formation –may be regular, irregular, pseudocarcinomatous

25
Q

Acanthosis

A

Increased thickness of stratum spinosum often accompanies epidermal hyperplasia

26
Q

Acantholysis:

A

Loss of intercellular connections resulting in loss of cohesion between keratinocytes

27
Q

Spongiosis:

A

Intercellular oedema of the epidermis.

28
Q

Hydropic swelling (ballooning

A

Intracellular oedema of keratinocytes

29
Q

Erosion:

A

Discontinuity of the skin involving incomplete loss of the epidermis.

30
Q

Ulceration:

A

Discontinuity of the skin exhibiting complete loss of the epidermis and often of portions of the dermis and even subcutaneous fat.

31
Q

Actinic keratosis

A

firm, elevated, circumscribed areas of keratinocyte proliferation and excess keratin production secondary to solar damage

32
Q

Folliculitis:

A

inflammation of hair follicles

33
Q

Furunculosis:

A

rupture of hair follicles

34
Q

Cyst:

A

sac like structures that may contain fluid or gas

35
Q

Granuloma:

A

a circumscribed inflammatory lesion principally associated with histiocytes and macrophages

36
Q

What is this

A

Erythema

37
Q

What are these?

A

Vesicles

38
Q

Describe this histopath

A

Spongiosis (intercellular oedema)

Widening of intercellular spaces by extracellular oedema

Take not of the spines between keratinocytes

39
Q

What are these?

A

Pustules - vesicles filled with pus

40
Q

What are the features of this disease?

A

Pemphigus foliaceus

Immune mediated destruction of desmosomal protein.

Crusting forms as a result of ruptures pustules.

41
Q

What is this?

A

Callus

localised, hyperplastic reaction to trauma caused by friction, pressure

42
Q

What is this?

A

Ichthyosis

43
Q

What is this?

A

Lichenification

thickened and leathery skin (all layers incl s. corneum and epidermis)

44
Q

What is this?

A

Actinic keratosis

45
Q

What lesion is being pointed to?

A

Comedone

hair follicle plugged with keratic and lipid

46
Q

What is this?

A

Crusting

dried surface exudate, sebum or blood mixed with cell debris

HLI (12 decks)

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