Skin and Soft Tissue Infection Flashcards
Impetigo is what type of skin infection?
Superficial Skin Infection
What is highly suggestive of Impetigo diagnosis
golden crust
Impetigo is most common due to what bacteria
Staph Aureus
impetigo is least common due to
strep pyogenes
Treatment of Impetigo small areas
Topical Antibiotics
Treatment of Impetigo large areas
Topical Treatment and Oral Antibiotics
What is Erysipelas
Infection of Upper Dermis
How does Ersipelas present (5)
Painful Red Area Fever Lymphadenopathy Lymphangitis
Erysieplas borders presents as
Elevated
Erysieplas most common due to what bacteria
Strep Pyogenes
70-79% of Erysieplas presents where
Lower Limbs
Ersipelas tends to occur where? (5)
- Pre Existing Lymphaoedema
- Venous Stasis
- Obesity
- Paraparesis
- Diabetes Mellitus
Erysipelas what recurrence rate
30%
Cellulitis involves which layers of skin (2)
Deep Dermis
Subcut Fat
How does Cellulitis present (2)
Spreading erythematous area
No distinct borders
Most likely organisms of Cellulitis (2)
Strep Pyogenes and Staph Aureus
Common signs in Cellulitis (3)
Fever
Regional Lymphadenopathy
Lymphangitis
Predisposing Factors to Cellulitis (3)
Diabetes Mellitus
Tinea Pedis
Lymphadenoedema
Treatment of erysipelas and cellulitis
Anti Staph and Anti Strep Antibiotics
What does Folliculitis look like (5)
Circumscribed Pustular Up to 5mm in Diameter Small Red Papules Central area of Purulence that may rupture/drain
Where is folliculitis typically found (4)
Head
Back
Bum
Extremities
Most common organism in Folliculitis
Staph Aureus
Furuncles are commonly referred as
Boils
Furunculosis is known as
Single Hair follicle associated inflammatory nodule
Furunculosis extends into (2)
Dermis
Subcutaneous Tissue
Furunculosis usually affects (4)
Face
Axilla
Neck
Bum
Most common organism in Furunculosis
Staph Aureus
Risk Factors for Furunculosis (5)
Obesity Diabetes Atopic Dermatitis Chronic Kidney Disease Corticosteroids
What are Carbuncles?
When infection extends to involve multiple furuncles
Where are carbuncles often located (3)
Back of Neck
Posterior Trunk
Thigh
Treatment for Folliculitis
No Treatment
Treatment for Furunculosis
No Treatment
Carbuncles Treatment
Admission to Hospital
Where does necrotising fascitis affect
any site
Risks for developing necrotising fascitis (5)
Diabetes Surgery Trauma Peripheral Vascular Disease Skin Popping
Diabetic Foot Infection or Fournier Gangrene come under what type of Necrotising Fascitis
Type I
Typical organisms in Necrotising Fascitis (5)
Streptoccci Staphylocci Enterococci Gram Neg Bacii Clostridium
Type 2 Necrotising Fascitis known as
Monomicrobial
Type 2 Necrotising Fascitis normally associated with
Strep Pyogenes
Necrotising Fascitis Symptoms (3)
Erythema
Oedema
Severe Unremiting Pain
Necrotising Fascitis Signs (3)
Haemorrhagic Bullae
Skin Necrosis
CCrepitus
Necrotising Fascitis Systemic Features (5)
Fever Hypotension Tachycardia Delerium Multi organ Failure
What is common at site of infection in Necrotising Fascitis
Anesthesia
Management of Necrotising Fascitis (4)
- Surgical Review
- Antibiotics: Flucloxacillin, Gentamicin, Clindamycin
Pyomyositis infection located where
striated muscle
Common sites of Pyomyositis (6)
Thigh Calf Arms Glutes Chest Wall Psoas Muscle
If Pyomyositis is untreated it can lead to
Septic Shock and Death
Predisposing Factors to Pymoyositis (6)
- Diabetes
- HIV
- IV Drugs
- Rheumatological Disease
- Malignancy
- Liver Cirrhosis
Commonest cause of Pyomyositis
Staph Aureus
Investigation of Pyomysotis
CT/MRI
Treatment of Pyomyositis
Drain with Antibiotics
Septic Bursitis commonly affects (2)
Patellar
Olecranon
Predisposing Factors of Septic Bursitis (6)
Rheumatoid Arthritis Alcohol Diabetes IV Drugs Immunosuppression Renal Insufficiency
Features of Septic Bursitis (5)
Peribursal Cellulitis Swelling Warmth Fever Pain
Diagnosis of Septic Arthritis
Aspiration of Fluid
Most common cause of Septic Bursitis
Staph Aureus
Most common tendons involved in Infectious Tenosynovitis
Flexor Muscle Associated Tendons and Tendon Sheaths of Hand
Most common inciting event of Infectious Tenosynovitis
Penetrating Trauma
Most common bacteria causing Infectious Tenosynovitis (2)
Staph Aureus
Streptocci
Chronic Infectious Tenosynovitis due to
Mycobacteria
How does Infectious Tenosynovitis presents with (4)
- Erythematous Fusiform swelling of Finger
- Held in Semiflexed Position
- Tender over length of tendon
- Pain with extension
How to Manage Infectious Tenosynovitis (2)
Empiric Antibiotics
Hand Surgeon
Toxin Mediated Syndromes are a group of
pyrogenic exotoxins
Diagnostic Criteria for Staphyloccal Toxic Shock syndrome (5)
- Fever
- Hypotension
- Diffuse Macular Rash
- Organs involved: Liver, Blood, Renal, GI, CNS, Muscular
- Production of TSST1 by Isolate
Staphloccal Scaled Skin Syndrome due to what bacteria
Staph Aureus
Staphloccal Scaled Skin Syndrome characterised by (2)
Widespread Bullae
Skin Exfoliation
Staphloccal Scaled Skin Syndrome usually occurs in
children
Staphloccal Scaled Skin Syndrome treatment (2)
IV Fluids
Antimicrobials
IV Catheter associated infections are what type of infection
Nosocomial
Risk Factors for IV Catheter Associated infections 93)
Infusion >24 Hours
Cannala >72 Hours
Cannula in Lower Limb
Most common organism in IV Catheter Associated Infection
staph Aureus
How long antibiotics for IV Catheter Associated infection
14 Days Antibiotics then Echo
How often should you change cannula
72 hours
Classification of Surgical wound: Class I
Clean Wound
Classification of Surgical wound: Class II
Clean but Contaminated
Classification of Surgical wound: Class III
Contaminated
Classification of Surgical wound: Class IV
Infected
Causes of Surgical site Infection most common
-Staph Aureus inc MSSA and MRSA most common
