Skin And Mucosa Flashcards
Functions of skin
Protection - pathogens and UV
Thermoregulation
Water regulation - waterproofing/ prevents moisture loss
Sensation - touch
Layers of the skin
Epidermis (rmb epic is like top most)
Dermis
Subcutaneous layer
Describe the structure of epidermis
Epidermis is keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
Has 5 layers
Stratum granulosum is the which layer?
3rd layer
What is the order of the epidermis layers?
Stratum basale
Stratum spinosum
Stratum granulosum
Stratum lucidum
Stratum corneum
BEFORE SIGNING, GET LEGAL COUNSEL
What cells are found in the stratum basale
Stem cells. Only cells in the basale layer can divide
Which layer is not present in thin skin
Stratum lucidum
What are the four cells present in epidermis
Keratinocytes
Melanocytes
Langerhan cells
Merkel cells
Where does epidermis get its nutrients from
Dermis. Since epidermis is an epithelial tissues that is avascular, it has to receive the nutrients from the dermis which is a connective tissue layer
What is the dermis made out of
Papillary layer and reticular layer
What cells are located in the stratum basale
Merkel cells, melanocytes , stem cells
What are the two structures that help the epidermis and dermis adhere better
Rete ridges and dermal papillae
Rete ridges epidermis extends down and dermal papillae dermis extend up
Think pap up
basal cells have a highly indented and folded basal cell membrane with numerous hemi-desmosomes.
Cell with the largest proportion in the epidermis
Keratinocytes (95%)
What is the function of Merkel cells
Tactile/ sensory receptors
What is the function of melanocytes
Produce melanin
What is the function of Langerhans cells
Dendritic
They constantly monitor the environment on the epidermal surface and in the spaces between epidermal cells with their dendritic cytoplasmic processes. When activated, they are potent stimulators of cell-mediated immunological responses.
Antigen presenting
Facilitates skin allergic reactions
What layer is the prickle cell layer
Stratum spinosum
Thick spiny so prickly
Where is the Langerhans cells found in the epidermis
Found in stratum spinosum ie prickle cell layer
What does the papillary layer consist of
Loose connective tissue
Fine collagen and elastic fibres
Location of most of the capillaries and nerve endings
What does the Reticular dermis consist of
Dense irregular connective tissue
Thick collagen and elastic fibres
Collagen vs elastic fibres in the dermis layer
Collagen gives strength
Elastic fibres permit stretching and recoil
Name the network of blood supply between the reticular layer of the dermis and the subcutaneous layer
Cutaneous plexus
What is the primary tissue in the subcutaneous layer?
Adipose tissue ie subcutaneous fat
Layers in the oral mucosa
Epithelium and lamina propria (mucosae)
Epithelium and lamia propria are separated by a basement membrane
