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Health Assessment > Skin > Flashcards

Skin Flashcards

1
Q

What is a geographic pattern?

A

Areas of one color, with variably scalloped borders of additional color

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2
Q

What is a serpiginous pattern?

A

Appear to creep from one part to another, margins are wavy

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3
Q

What is a confluent pattern?

A

Lesions that run together

i.e hives or urticaria

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4
Q

What is a zosteriform pattern?

A

Lesions that follow a nerve dermatome

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5
Q

Which lesions are <1cm.

A

Macule, papule, vesicles

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6
Q

What are the ABCDs of skin cancer?

A 
A=asymmetry
B= border
C=changes in color
D=diameter is >6cm
E=evolution
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7
Q

What is purpura?

A

Excessive or spontaneous bruising

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8
Q

What is an annular rash?

A

Circular

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9
Q

Lichenification?

A

Thickening of the skin from scratching

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10
Q

What does pallor skin look like on a light pigment person, dark pigment, and yellow undertones?

A

Light: Pale
Darker pigment: gray, grayish brown, “dusky”, “ashen”
Yellow undertones: pale gray, light greenish-gray

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11
Q

What does cyanosis look like on light, dark, and yellow undertone skin?

A

Light: blue undertones
Dark: gray, white-ish skin with gray/blue conjunctiva
Yellow undertones: greenish gray

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12
Q

What does jaundice look like on light, yellow undertone, and dark skin?

A

Light and yellow undertones: yellow

Dark: golden to dark olive

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13
Q

On a person with dark pigment where do we look for signs of jaundice?

A

Hard palate and conjunctiva. Note that the sclera will look yellow as they age.

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14
Q

On a person with light pigment or yellow undertone skin where do we look for signs of jaundice?

A

Skin, sclera, conjunctiva, underneath tongue

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15
Q

On a person with dark pigment where do we look for signs of central cyanosis?

A

Under the tongue. Note that individuals will have a natural purple red tone to the lips which is not cyanosis.

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16
Q

On a light pigment or yellow undertone skin where do we look for signs of central cyanosis?

A

Around mouth, lips, oral mucosa, tongue

17
Q

What is violaceus erythema?

A

Violet colored rash

18
Q

What is clubbing and what could it indicate?

A

Swelling in the tip of the digit. Can be found in patients with chronic oxygenation issues.

19
Q

When assessing for vascularity what does blanching mean?

A

When the capillary beds turn white when we push on them and then refill back to the pink hue

Note: Darker pigmentation does not allow for blanching

20
Q

Recite the pitting Edema scale

A

1+ = 2mm of depression

2+ = 4mm

3+ = 6mm

4+ = 8mm

21
Q

What is Brawny Edema?

A

Thickening, indurated, non-pitting; brawny color from chronic ischemia and lysed RBC

22
Q

What can non-pitting Edema indicate?

A

Infection, trauma, or chronic venous insufficiency

23
Q

When inspecting skin lesions what are 6 things we should look for?

A
  • Color
  • Elevation or flat; and texture
  • pattern or shape
  • size including depth
  • Location and distribution on body
  • Induration
24
Q

What are patterns and shapes a lesion can take?

A
  • discrete (skin cancer)
  • grouped or clustered ( herpes Simplex or cold sores)
  • linear (contact dermatitis)
  • gyrate or snakelike ( scabies)
  • confluent or run together ( Hives or urticaria)
  • nerve root distribution or dermatomal ( herpes zoster aka zosteriform
  • geographic

Shapes

  • annular or circular ( ringworm or tinnea corporis
  • Target ( Lyme) or iris (erythema multiforme)
25
Q

How is a bulla different than a vesicle?

A

A vesicle is smaller and a bulla is larger in diameter

26
Q

What is an atrophic scar?

A

Stretch marks or striae

27
Q

What are the ABCs of lesion examination?

A 
A-asymmetry
B-border
C-color 
D- diameter 
E-Evolution
28
Q

Describe skin texture in someone who has hypothyroidism

A

Rough and dry

29
Q

Describe the skin texture in someone who has hyper thyroidism

A

Velvety and smooth

30
Q

What should be considered in someone who has a localized decrease in temperature?

A

Peripheral arterial insufficiency

31
Q

Is a crust a primary or secondary lesion?

A

Secondary

32
Q

What anatomic location is eczema and atopic dermatitis located on?

A

Flexor surface

Health Assessment (11 decks)

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