Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Health Assessment > HEENT > Flashcards

HEENT Flashcards

1
Q

When assessing HAs what should we rule out first?

A

Life threatening causes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is presbycusis?

A

Loss of hearing with age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the function of the auditory ossicles?

A

Transmit vibration from TM to inner ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the function of the Eustachian tube?

A

Equalize air pressure from middle ear to nasopharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How does the anatomical position of the Eustachian tube differ in children and adults?

A

More horizontal in children, more angled in adults

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

T/F. The labyrinth is the structure of the inner ear responsible for balance and transmission of sound.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the structures of the middle ear?

A

Auditory ossicles and Eustachian tube

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the function of the labyrinth?

A

Responsible for balance and transmission of sound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the function of the cochlea?

A

Converts vibrations and sends them through the cochlear nerve to the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What makes up the labyrinth?

A

Semicircular canals, vestibule, and cochlea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What immunizations are we considering that could be related to the head and face?

A

Meningitis, mumps, shingles, and HPV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are some HA red flags?

A

Sudden or recent onset, > 50, thunderclap, elevated BP, rash or signs of infection, presence of cancer, HIV, or pregnancy, vomiting, recent head trauma.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Oral cancer poses a much higher risk in which ethnic group?

A

African American men

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Parkinson’s is a disease of what structure of the brain?

A

Disorder of the cerebellum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

MS can be classified as what type of disorder?

A

Motor neuron disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How do we grade tonsil size if the tonsils are crossing the midline and “kissing”?

A

4+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What does a 3+ tonsil grade mean?

A

tonsils can touch the uvula, but they don’t go pass the midline pushing the uvula.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is a 2+ tonsil grade?

A

tonsils are halfway in between the anterior arch and uvula.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How do we grade tonsils if they are behind posterior pillar?

A

1+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What kind of tissue are tonsils made of?

A

Lymph tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Which Snellen test do we use if the patient is not literate?

A

Use the “E” or “C” chart and ask the patient what way is the letter pointing.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What Snellen test option do you have for pediatric patients?

A

shapes chart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is strabismus?

A

“Lazy eye”, eye misalignment.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

In what kind of patient are you most likely to see scleral edema?

A

fluid overload

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is ptosis?

A

Drooping of the eyelid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is exophaltmos?

A

bulging of the eyes usually seen in Grave’s disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What is miosis?

A

pinpoint pupils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

How do we test for strabismus?

A

Cover-uncover test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What is mydriasis?

A

Blown pupils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What is anisocoria?

A

difference in pupil size which can be normal as long as both still react to light

31
Q

What is dyscoria?

A

Irregular pupil shape which can come from trauma or infection

32
Q

What are we looking for with the convergence test?

A

eyes moving symmetrically as an object comes closer

33
Q

What does accommodation refer to?

A

Constriction of the pupils

34
Q

What can unequal corneal light reflex indicate?

A

strabismus or amblyopia

35
Q

what are the 2 muscles of the eye?

A

Rectus and oblique

36
Q

What is hyperopia?

A

Farsightedness

37
Q

What is myopia?

A

near sighted

38
Q

What is presbyopia?

A

Far sighted caused by loss of elasticity in the lens usually caused by age

39
Q

What should be considered if the patient has sudden onset of blurry vision?

A

retinal detachment, occluded veins or arteries, ulcer, or macular degeneration.

40
Q

What is conductive hearing loss?

A

Think obstruction

41
Q

What is sensorineural hearing loss?

A

Think inner ear disease

42
Q

What are some potential problems causing sensorineural hearing loss?

A

Meniere’s disease, loud noise exposure, presbycusis, ototoxicity.

-cochlear, auditory nerve damage or auditory area of cerebral cortex is damaged.

43
Q

What are some of the potential problems causing middle ear conductive hearing loss?

A

OM, serous otitis, otosclerosis

44
Q

What are possible causes of pre-syncope events?

A

orthostatic hypotension caused by certain drugs, dysrhythmias, and vasovagal response

45
Q

What are the characteristics of Meniere’s disease?

A

sudden onset, lasting several hours to 1 day or more, recurrent; sensorineural hearing loss; tinnitus is present and fluctuating; sensation of pressure or fullness in the ear, N/V, nystagmus.

46
Q

What type of hearing loss is seen with Meniere’s disease?

A

sensorineural

47
Q

What is conductive hearing loss?

A

external or middle ear disorder that impairs sound conduction to inner ear.

48
Q

What are possible causes of conductive hearing loss?

A

cerumen impaction, FB, otitis externa, perforated eardrum, and otosclerosis of ossicles

49
Q

What is sensorineural hearing loss?

A

Inner ear disorder that involves cochlear nerve and neuronal impulse transmission to the brain.

50
Q

What are the 2 most common types of angioedema?

A

Allergic rxns and NSAID rxns

51
Q

What associated symptoms usually accompany angioedema?

A

urticaria and pruritis

52
Q

Vertigo is a spinning sensation accompanied by what 2 other symptoms?

A

Nystagmus and ataxia

53
Q

A lesion on what part of the CNS can cause vertigo?

A

lesion on cerebral brainstem

54
Q

What is an autoimmune disease that causes ptosis of the eyes?

A

Myasthenia gravis

55
Q

In what disease can exophthalmos be seen?

A

Graves

56
Q

What are possible causes of conjunctivitis?

A

Bacterial, viral, and other infections; allergy; irritation

57
Q

What are the 4 categories of primary headaches?

A

Tension, cluster, chronic, and migraine

58
Q

What is a Rinne’s test?

A

vibrating tuning fork is placed behind the ear on the mastoid process .

59
Q

If patient does not pass the whisper test what is the next step?

A

Assess hearing loss by doing the Rinne’s or Weber test

60
Q

What is the Weber test?

A

vibrating tuning fork is placed on top of the head or forehead

61
Q

What are the findings of sensorineural hearing loss using the Weber test?

A

sound is heard louder in unaffected ear

62
Q

Which hearing test do we use to test for air vs bone conduction?

A

The Rinne’s test

63
Q

When doing the Rinne’s test what are the findings of conductive hearing loss?

A

Sound is heard longer in bone than in air

64
Q

When doing the Rinne’s test what are the findings of sensorineural hearing loss?

A

sound is heard longer through air

65
Q

Where is the location of a meningitis and hemorrhagic (subarachnoid) HA?

A

Generalized

66
Q

What is the quality and severity of a subarachnoid (thunderclap) HA?

A

very severe, “worst HA of my life”

67
Q

What is the time of onset for a subarachnoid HA?

A

Sudden, less than a minute

68
Q

What is the duration of a subarachnoid HA?

A

Variable, usually days

69
Q

What are associated sx of subarachnoid HA?

A

Nausea, vomiting, loss of consciousness, neck pain. Possible prior neck symptoms from “sentinel leaks”

70
Q

What are the associated sx of meningitis?

A

Fever, stiff neck, photophobia, change in mental status

71
Q

What is the quality and severity of a meningitis HA?

A

Steady or throbbing, very severe

72
Q

What is the time of onset of a meningitis?

A

Fairly rapid, usually <24 hours; may be sudden onset

73
Q

What is the duration of meningitis?

A

Variable, usually days

Health Assessment (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions