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Health Assessment > Neuro > Flashcards

Neuro Flashcards

1
Q

What is the frontal lobe of the brain responsible for?

A

Personality, behavior, decision making, emotional, intellectual functions

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2
Q

What is the parietal lobe responsible for?

A

Sensation

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3
Q

What is the temporal lobe responsible for?

A

Hearing, taste, and smell

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4
Q

What is the occipital lobe responsible for?

A

Visual perception

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5
Q

What is Broca’s area responsible for?

A

Motor and speech

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6
Q

What is Wernick’s area responsible for?

A

Speech comprehension

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7
Q

What is the cerebellum responsible for?

A

Motor coordination, equilibrium, and balance

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8
Q

What do the afferent fibers do?

A

Send sensory signals to the CNS

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9
Q

What do efferent fibers do?

A

Motor messages exiting the CNS to their respective tissues and organs

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10
Q

What are the 2 parts of the peripheral nervous system?

A

Somatic and autonomic

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11
Q

What is the somatic system?

A

Our voluntary movement made up of skeletal muscles

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12
Q

What is the autonomic system?

A

Our involuntary movements performed by our smooth muscles. Fight or flight vs rest and digest.

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13
Q

What is the vasovagal response?

A

When the ANS reacts causing bradycardia AND allows vasodilation in the lower extremity vessels. Decrease blood leads to decrease oxygen to the brain so the patient passes out.

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14
Q

What is expressive aphasia ?

A

They can understand what you are saying but they are having difficulty getting words out.

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15
Q

What area of the brain is damaged when a patient has expressive aphasia?

A

Broca’s area

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16
Q

What is receptive aphasia?

A

When the patient has little or no comprehension of words. Spoken words are fluent and nonsensical. They have no idea the words and language are wrong.

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17
Q

What area of the brain is damaged when a patient has receptive aphasia?

A

Wernicke’s area

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18
Q

What is dysarthria?

A

Dysfunction of the muscles needed to produce speech like lips, tongue, vocal cords, and diaphragm etc

I.e slurred speech

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19
Q

Which nerve in the ANS controls the HR?

A

Vagus

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20
Q

What part of the ANS controls respiratory?

A

Medulla and pons

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21
Q

What part of the ANS controls the BP?

A

Medulla

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22
Q

What part of the ANS controls the temp?

A

Hypothalamus

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23
Q

When someone walks with a widened gait for balance what could that indicate?

A

Vestibular (ear) or cerebral disease (MS), or drunk

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24
Q

What is a + Rombergs test?

A

Loss of balance and altered proprioception

25
Q

What can a (+) pronator drift indicate?

A

Motor neuron disorder or metabolic disease

26
Q

What is proprioception?

A

Perception or awareness of the position and movement of the body

27
Q

What are 2 ways to test cerebellar function?

A
  1. Coordination of hands and legs via rapid rhythmic alternating movements or FNF.
  2. Gait and posture via heal to toe in straight line, walking on toes and heels, or watching their casual walking
28
Q

What are fasciculations?

A

Twitching

29
Q

What is the stereognosis test?

A

Placing familiar item in hand and with eyes closed ask them to identify it. One hand at a time with different object.

30
Q

What is the graphesthesia test?

A

Write a number on their palm and ask them to identify

31
Q

Failure to succeed either stereognosis or graphesthesia test can indicate a problem with what brain function?

A

Sensory. We are concerned about a sensory cortex lesion.

32
Q

What are the 5 components needed for DTR response?

A 
Intact sensory nerve (afferent) 
Functional synapse in the cord
Intact motor nerve (efferent) 
Functional joint 
Competent muscle
33
Q

How do we document a normal DTR reflex?

A

2+

34
Q

How do we document a very brisk DTR indicating that synapse is still firing?

A

4+

35
Q

What cutaneous reflexes may suggest a diffuse brain disease if found in adults?

A

Babinski, grasp, and sucking reflex

36
Q

When we see blown pupils what changes in the brain structure is causing this?

A

There is pressure on the brain stem from herniation. CN III is affected.

37
Q

What GCS value is considered coma?

A

3-8

38
Q

What is CN I ?

A

Olfactory - responsible for smell

39
Q

What is CN II?

A

Optic

40
Q

What is CN III?

A

Oculomotor- all other me mood the eye and pupil dilation.

41
Q

What is CN IV?

A

Trochlear- moving eyes down and in

42
Q

What is CN V?

A

Trigeminal- sensory

43
Q

What is CN VI?

A

Abducens- gazing laterally towards ear

44
Q

CN VII?

A

Facial

45
Q

CN VIII?

A

Acoustic - hearing

46
Q

CN IX?

A

Glossopharyngeal- pharyngeal musculature. Posterior part of tongue, tonsils, and pharynx.

47
Q

What is CN X?

A

Vagus- heart

48
Q

What is CN XI?

A

Spinal accessory- sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles

49
Q

What is CN XII?

A

Hypoglossal- muscles of the tongue

50
Q

Which lobe is Brocha’s area on?

A

Frontal lobe

51
Q

Which lobe is Wernick’s area on?

A

Temporal

52
Q

What is agnosia?

A

Inability to recognize familiar objects

53
Q

What are possible causes of ataxia?

A

cerebellar disease, lack of proprioception, and alcohol intoxication.

54
Q

What is a coup contrecoup injury?

A

injury to the frontal and occipital lobe with whiplash

55
Q

What region of the brain are we testing when assessing mental status?

A

cerebral cortex (cerebrum)

56
Q

What region of the brain are CN attached to?

A

Brain stem

57
Q

When assessing sensory what parts of the brain are we testing?

A

cerebral cortex, spinal cord, and posterior colums

58
Q

When assessing motor and coordination what areas of the brain are responsible for that?

A

cerebellum, cerebral cortex, corticospinal, and extrapyramidal tracts

59
Q

what is ataxia?

A

lack of motor coordination

Health Assessment (11 decks)

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