Neuro

Question 1

What is the frontal lobe of the brain responsible for?

Answer 1

Personality, behavior, decision making, emotional, intellectual functions

Question 2

What is the parietal lobe responsible for?

Answer 2

Sensation

Question 3

What is the temporal lobe responsible for?

Answer 3

Hearing, taste, and smell

Question 4

What is the occipital lobe responsible for?

Answer 4

Visual perception

Question 5

What is Broca’s area responsible for?

Answer 5

Motor and speech

Question 6

What is Wernick’s area responsible for?

Answer 6

Speech comprehension

Question 7

What is the cerebellum responsible for?

Answer 7

Motor coordination, equilibrium, and balance

Question 8

What do the afferent fibers do?

Answer 8

Send sensory signals to the CNS

Question 9

What do efferent fibers do?

Answer 9

Motor messages exiting the CNS to their respective tissues and organs

Question 10

What are the 2 parts of the peripheral nervous system?

Answer 10

Somatic and autonomic

Question 11

What is the somatic system?

Answer 11

Our voluntary movement made up of skeletal muscles

Question 12

What is the autonomic system?

Answer 12

Our involuntary movements performed by our smooth muscles. Fight or flight vs rest and digest.

Question 13

What is the vasovagal response?

Answer 13

When the ANS reacts causing bradycardia AND allows vasodilation in the lower extremity vessels. Decrease blood leads to decrease oxygen to the brain so the patient passes out.

Question 14

What is expressive aphasia ?

Answer 14

They can understand what you are saying but they are having difficulty getting words out.

Question 15

What area of the brain is damaged when a patient has expressive aphasia?

Answer 15

Broca’s area

Question 16

What is receptive aphasia?

Answer 16

When the patient has little or no comprehension of words. Spoken words are fluent and nonsensical. They have no idea the words and language are wrong.

Question 17

What area of the brain is damaged when a patient has receptive aphasia?

Answer 17

Wernicke’s area

Question 18

What is dysarthria?

Answer 18

Dysfunction of the muscles needed to produce speech like lips, tongue, vocal cords, and diaphragm etc

I.e slurred speech

Question 19

Which nerve in the ANS controls the HR?

Answer 19

Vagus

Question 20

What part of the ANS controls respiratory?

Answer 20

Medulla and pons

Question 21

What part of the ANS controls the BP?

Answer 21

Medulla

Question 22

What part of the ANS controls the temp?

Answer 22

Hypothalamus

Question 23

When someone walks with a widened gait for balance what could that indicate?

Answer 23

Vestibular (ear) or cerebral disease (MS), or drunk

Question 24

What is a + Rombergs test?

Answer 24

Loss of balance and altered proprioception

Question 25

What can a (+) pronator drift indicate?

Answer 25

Motor neuron disorder or metabolic disease

Question 26

What is proprioception?

Answer 26

Perception or awareness of the position and movement of the body

Question 27

What are 2 ways to test cerebellar function?

Answer 27

1. Coordination of hands and legs via rapid rhythmic alternating movements or FNF. 2. Gait and posture via heal to toe in straight line, walking on toes and heels, or watching their casual walking

Question 28

What are fasciculations?

Answer 28

Twitching

Question 29

What is the stereognosis test?

Answer 29

Placing familiar item in hand and with eyes closed ask them to identify it. One hand at a time with different object.

Question 30

What is the graphesthesia test?

Answer 30

Write a number on their palm and ask them to identify

Question 31

Failure to succeed either stereognosis or graphesthesia test can indicate a problem with what brain function?

Answer 31

Sensory. We are concerned about a sensory cortex lesion.

Question 32

What are the 5 components needed for DTR response?

Answer 32

``` Intact sensory nerve (afferent) Functional synapse in the cord Intact motor nerve (efferent) Functional joint Competent muscle ```

Question 33

How do we document a normal DTR reflex?

Answer 33

2+

Question 34

How do we document a very brisk DTR indicating that synapse is still firing?

Answer 34

4+

Question 35

What cutaneous reflexes may suggest a diffuse brain disease if found in adults?

Answer 35

Babinski, grasp, and sucking reflex

Question 36

When we see blown pupils what changes in the brain structure is causing this?

Answer 36

There is pressure on the brain stem from herniation. CN III is affected.

Question 37

What GCS value is considered coma?

Answer 37

3-8

Question 38

What is CN I ?

Answer 38

Olfactory - responsible for smell

Question 39

What is CN II?

Answer 39

Optic

Question 40

What is CN III?

Answer 40

Oculomotor- all other me mood the eye and pupil dilation.

Question 41

What is CN IV?

Answer 41

Trochlear- moving eyes down and in

Question 42

What is CN V?

Answer 42

Trigeminal- sensory

Question 43

What is CN VI?

Answer 43

Abducens- gazing laterally towards ear

Question 44

CN VII?

Answer 44

Facial

Question 45

CN VIII?

Answer 45

Acoustic - hearing

Question 46

CN IX?

Answer 46

Glossopharyngeal- pharyngeal musculature. Posterior part of tongue, tonsils, and pharynx.

Question 47

What is CN X?

Answer 47

Vagus- heart

Question 48

What is CN XI?

Answer 48

Spinal accessory- sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles

Question 49

What is CN XII?

Answer 49

Hypoglossal- muscles of the tongue

Question 50

Which lobe is Brocha’s area on?

Answer 50

Frontal lobe

Question 51

Which lobe is Wernick’s area on?

Answer 51

Temporal

Question 52

What is agnosia?

Answer 52

Inability to recognize familiar objects

Question 53

What are possible causes of ataxia?

Answer 53

cerebellar disease, lack of proprioception, and alcohol intoxication.

Question 54

What is a coup contrecoup injury?

Answer 54

injury to the frontal and occipital lobe with whiplash

Question 55

What region of the brain are we testing when assessing mental status?

Answer 55

cerebral cortex (cerebrum)

Question 56

What region of the brain are CN attached to?

Answer 56

Brain stem

Question 57

When assessing sensory what parts of the brain are we testing?

Answer 57

cerebral cortex, spinal cord, and posterior colums

Question 58

When assessing motor and coordination what areas of the brain are responsible for that?

Answer 58

cerebellum, cerebral cortex, corticospinal, and extrapyramidal tracts

Question 59

what is ataxia?

Answer 59

lack of motor coordination