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joy's deck for FNP > skin > Flashcards

skin Flashcards

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Family Nurse Practitioner (FNP) flashcards
1
Q

rocky mountain spotted fever

A

small red spots on hands/feet that progress toward the trunk
fever, n/v
rash day #3
south central common

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2
Q

actinic keratosis

A

dry, red round lesions with rough texture

sun exposed areas

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3
Q

meningococcemia

A

meningitis rash
“sudden” stiff neck, fever, changes in LOC
hemorrhagic rash in the axillae, flanks, wrist, and ankles
rifampin prophylaxis

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4
Q

erythema migraines

A 
early lyme disease 
bulls eye rash 7-14 days after deer tick bite 
flu like s/s
most common northeast region
use DEET
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5
Q

herpes zoster opthalmicus

A

herpes soter on the trigemnal ( V) nerve. sudden vesicular lesions on the ONE side of the scalp, forehead, and tip of the nose. blurry vision. ED

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6
Q

melanoma

A

> 6mm, irregular borders. can appear in the nail pads or retina

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7
Q

basal cell carcinoma

A

pearly or waxy lesion with ulcerated center.

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8
Q

acral lentiginous melanoma

A

most common type of melanoma in AA and asians. located on the nailbes, palmar, and plantar surface. longitudinal brown to black bands on the nail beds

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9
Q

subungual hematoma

A

draining

use heated paperclip or 18 g neede press down to create 3-4mm hold. blood may drain for 24-36 hrs

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10
Q

steven johnson syndrome (erythema multiform major)

A

bulls eye lesions
bulla
painful
involves eyes nose, mouth, esophagus
fever before rashes appear
hypersensitivity caused by medicines, infections,a nd malignancies
PNS, sulfas, barbiturates, and phenytoid ( dilantin)
HIV have 40 fold risk of SJS dt to trimethoprim/sulfa

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11
Q

lyme disease s/s

A

erythema migraines ( rash that can span 12 inches bulls eye), facial palsy, swollen knee

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12
Q

what skin lesions show bulla (superficial blister >1cm)

A

impetigo, 2nd degree burn, SJS lesion

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13
Q

vesicle

A

herpatic lesions

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14
Q

seborrheic keratoses

A

soft wart like growths, esp on the back

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15
Q

xanthelasma

A

yellow colored plaques under the brow or upper.lower lids of the eyes. hyperlipidemia if

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16
Q

lipoma

A

soft fatty cystic tumors, painless, located on trunk, legs/arms, neck

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17
Q

xerosis

A

extremely dry skin and may involve mucosal or eyes (xerostomia, xeropthalmia)

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18
Q

acanthosis nigrans

A

thickening of the skin behind the neck/axilla. DM, metabolic syndrome, obesity, cancer of the GI tract

19
Q

psoriasis

A

skin cells undergo rapid mitotic division=plaques
koebner phenomenon= new plaques over area of skin trauma
auspitz sign- pinpoint areas of bleeding when plaque is removed

black box warning for topical tacrolimus: skin malignancy. use spf . biologics/anti TNF agents
tx: steroids, retinoids, tar prep (psoralen)
humira, enbrel, ad remicade are associated with malignancy, TB, sepsis. Take baseline PPD

20
Q

actinic keratosis

A

precurser to squamous sell.

cryotherapy of 5fu

21
Q

tinea versicolor

A

yeast. hypo pigmented maculates that “appear” after skin becomes tan.
labs- koh (potassium hydorxide) slide shoes hphae and spores.
topical selenium sulfide or ketoconazaole

22
Q

atopic dermatitis (eczema)

A

pruritic rash on the hands, neck, folds. worse with stress, winter, related to allergies

topical steroids hydrocortisone
traimcinolone

23
Q

oral thrush

A

nystatin (mycostatin) oral suspension

severe- lidocaine, diphenhydramine, and maalox mouth wash.

24
Q

hidradenitis supprativa

A

bacterial infection of the sebaceous glands of the axilla
augmentin
mupirocin ointment to nares/fingernails

25
Q

impetigo

A

skin infection by gram +, s. progenies or s. auras. contagious and pruritic. honey colored

tx: keflex qid x 10 days
if pcn allergy, azithroymycin

26
Q

meningococcemia

A

life threatening infection by N. meningitides spread by droplets

The skin rash may advance from a few ill-defined lesions to a widespread petechial eruption within a few hours. Meningococcemia’s potential rapidity of progression cannot be stressed enough.

ie: college students
labs: lumbar CSF, blood culture, throat culture, mdi brain
tx: cefriaxone (rocephin) 2g IV q 12 hours plus vancomycin IV q 8-12 hours

27
Q

lyme disease tx

A

erythema migraines by tick B. burgdorferi.

labs: antiboy igM and igG.
tx doxy

28
Q

rocky mountain tx

A

dog tick or wood reck infected with rickettsia rickets.
small papules on hands/feet and spread to trunk
fever

doxy or tetracycline x 21 days. refer STAT
biospy lesion 3mm punch

29
Q

varicella tx

A

chickenpox- contagious 1-2 days before onset and unit chicken pox crusts over (1-2 wks)
shingles: contagious with onset of rash until crusts over

medications: acyclovir (zovirax) or valtrex

30
Q

herpatic whitlow

A

viral infection of the fingers (herpes)
painful red bumps on fingers.
self limited, or tx with acyclovir.

31
Q

paronychia

A

vacterial infection of the cuticle . painful smollen area of the nail that becomes abscessed.

soak in warm water for 20 minutes tie, topical antibiotic, incision and drainage prn

32
Q

pityriasis rosea

A

christmas tree rash on trunk
self limiting, 4-8 wks
“herald patch”
if high risk std, check PRP to r/o syphilis

33
Q

scabies

A

tx: permetherin for 8-14 hrs
rash on webs of hands , breats, buttocks, scrotum. rash appears snakelike (serpinginous) or linear burrows
labs- scarpe burrow or scales with glass slide

treat everyone in the house

34
Q

tinea capitus

A

most common in AA children
block dot tines capitis- ring worm
hairs break off and leave block dots on the scalp

medications: antifungal tx Griseofulvin daiy (microsize/ultramicdrosize), 6-12 weeks
avoid hepatotoxic substances (alcohol, statins, acetaminophen)
baseline LFT and repeat 2 weks after initiating

35
Q

Total body surface area (TBSA) burns

A

each arm: 9%
head: 9%
each leg 18%, anterior trunk 18%, posterior trunk 18%

36
Q

anthrax

A

3 types: cutaneous, GI, and pulmonary

pulmonary- (animals, wool, hides, hair)

post exposure (bioterrorism) cipro

37
Q

ricin toxin (castor beans)

A

oral ricin causes vomit, diarrhea, multi organ failure in 6 hours. no antidote

38
Q

small pox

A

eliminated in 1977. vaccine 3-4 days post exposure. incubation 2 weeks

39
Q

pruritic rashes located in the webs of fingers, penis are scabies until proven otherwise. treat entire family.

A

true

40
Q

preferred antibiotic for human or animal bites

A

augmentin

41
Q

post herpatic neuralgia prophylaxis

A

TCA (antidepressents), amitriptyline (elavil)

42
Q

cellulitis clue

A

walking barefoot

43
Q

if Beta B infection cellulitis treat for 10 days dt risk of developing postglomerular nephritis

A

true

joy's deck for FNP (24 decks)

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