adolescent Flashcards
hodgkin’s lymphoma
most common cancer in teens
cervical and suprcalvicur lymphadenopathy
severe pain on malignant areas after drinking alcohol
testicular cancer
scrotal mass, tender
“heaviness” to testiticle
- risk factor is cryptoorchidism
testicular torsion
PAINFUL testicle
90% have n/v
scrotal edema, induration,
** Ipsilateral ( same side) ABSENT CREMASTERIC REFLEX
doppler, emergency!
stage 3 for boys/girls
boys: penis elongates
girls: one mound (breast/areola)
delayed puberty girl/boy
girl: (stage 2) no breast bud development (stage 2) by 12 yo
boy: (stage 2) no testicular/scrotal growth by 14 yo
all college freshmen should receive which vaccine?
MCV4 ( meniogoccal)
which labs increase in adolescents
alp (alkaline phosphatase) due to growing bones ( same for pregnant women)
emancipated minor criteria ( can give full consent as an adult)
married
active duty
what stage does puberty start
tanner 2 (breast bud/scrotal rugation/color darker)
female athlete triad
anorexia, amenorrhea, osteoporosis
educate about increasing calories
calcium 1200-1500mg
with vitamin D 400 IU
primary amenorrhea
no period by 15 yo (50% due chromosomal disorder)
secondary amenorrhea
no menses for 3 cycles or 6 months if previously had menses
due to pregnancy, stress, pcos
check hog, bone density
anorexia s/s
lanugo, peripheral edema!, weight loss >10%
avoid Depo provera (progesterone only) since it can cause bone loss
gynecomastia vs pseudogynecomastia
gynecomastia- disc like mobile MOUND, round, rubbery.
pseudo- due to adipose ( obese), soft and not tender. no breast bud
if mass irregular, fixed, rapid growth refer
scoliosis
“rapid” worsening- r/o marfan or ehlers danlos syndome
check forward bend (cobbs angle)
20, brace (milwaukee)
>40, surgery (harrington rod)
x ray to measure cobb
refer ALL scoliosis to orthopedic specialist
