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joy's deck for FNP > pharmacology > Flashcards

pharmacology Flashcards

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Family Nurse Practitioner (FNP) flashcards
1
Q

warfarin interacts with which drug

A

sulfa drugs ( i.e. Bacrim (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole) by increases warfin=>INR=>bleeding

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2
Q

First pass metabolism

A

lowers the amt of active drug. ex: to bypass first pass metabolism, insulin must be given as in injection

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3
Q

half life

A

time it takes for drug concentration to decrease by 50%

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4
Q

area under the curve (AUC)

A

avg Amt of drug in the blood after dose is given

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5
Q

cyp450 drugs

A

inhibitors= increase amy of drug= risk for toxicity

macrolids
antifungals (ketoconazole, fluconazole)
cimedtidine (Tagamet)
citaprolam (celexa)

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6
Q

cimedtidine (Tagamet)

A

histamine H2-blocker
cyp450 inhibitor
Treats duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and other disorders of the stomach. Also treats or prevents heartburn.

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7
Q

black box TZD (thiazolidinediones)

black box

A

ie
rosiglitazone (Avandia)
pioglitazone (actos)
exacerbate HEART FAILURE

stop if c/o dypnea, weight gain, cough (heart failure)

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8
Q

atypical antipsychotics black box

A

Risperidone ( Risperadal)
Olanzapine (Zyprexa)
Quietipine ( Seroquel)

higher mortality in elderly

monitor BMI (weight gain), TSH, lipids

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9
Q

biphosphonates warning

A

alendronate ( Foxamax)
Risedronate (Actonel)

jaw pain (jaw necrosis)
take first thing in the morning before breakfast, no juice
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10
Q

statins warning

A

check CK (hepatitis)

hepatitis risk and rhabo if mixed with antifungals

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11
Q

lincosamides risk

clindamycin (cleocin)

A

high risk c-did

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12
Q

digoxin therapeuric range

A

.5-2.0
dig overdose s/s: visual change (green/yellow), GI, confusion Sever toxicity tx with Digibind.

Check dig level, K, Mag, Ca, creatinine, ekg

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13
Q

warfarin INR

A

2-3

INR

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14
Q

HCTZ adverse effects

A 
hyperglycemia ( watch out with DM)!
sulfa allergy- dont' give
elevates triglcerids, LDL
elevates uric acid
hypokalemia

G: glucose, Hyperglycemia
Uric acid ( gout)
Muscle weakness (HyPOkalemia)
S: sulfa allergy

first line for HN, heart failture

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15
Q

benefit of hctz

A

Good for osteoporosis

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16
Q

potassium sparing diuretics

black box

A

alternative to sulfa allergy

triamterene (Dyrenium)
Amiloride ( Midamor)

blackbox: hyPERkalemia
don’t give salt substitutes, ace/arbs

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17
Q

aldosterone antagonist adverse

A

glactorrhea and hyPERkalmia

black box: risk for cancer

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18
Q

Beta blocker warning

A

depression, fatigue
NO use in pulmonary pts
blunts hypoglycemic response

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19
Q

ace contraindications

A

avoid K+ sparing diuretics

avoid K+ supplements

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20
Q

arbs first line for ..

A

1st line for DM

1st line for Renal disease

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21
Q

ace-I black box

A

death/injury to fetus during 2nd and 3rd tri

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22
Q

Ca blocker warning

A

tx for HTN;

amlodipine ( norvasc)
dilt (cardezem)
nifedipine ( procardia)
verapamil ( Calan)- do not mix with erythromycin, clarithromycin

contraindicatiosn:
NO with HEART FAILURE
brady, CHF. avoid grapefruit

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23
Q

mono, don’t give which drug

A

amoxcillin due to druh rash

24
Q

COPD medications

A

1st line: anticholinergic (ipratropium bromide or atrovent)
1nd: short acting B2 agonist (albuteral)

all get pneumovax-p

25
Q

tetracyline warning

A

teeth stain

skeletal defects during pregnancy and children

26
Q

1st line for chlymadial infection (i.e. cervicitis, PID, atypical pneumonia)

A

doxy

27
Q

macrolides interactions

A

erythromycin and clarithromycin are potent cyp450 inhibitors
erythromycin- careful with myasthenia gravis
azithromycin- warfarin
clarithryo- qt prolongation

28
Q

ketolide telithromycin (ketek) contraindication

A

type of macrolide

don’t give with myasthenia gravis- liver failure

29
Q

tetracyclines contraindication

A

minocycline- don’t use with antacids, oral contraceptives

30
Q

don’t use Warfarin with which drugs

A

erythromycin, clarithromycin dt inR risk and bleeding

31
Q

beta lactam family drugs

A

cephalosporings
PCN
bactericiadal

32
Q

1st generation cephalosporin

A

keflex
gram positive
tx for UTI during pregnancy

33
Q

2nd generation cephalosporin

A

gram negative
cefuroxime (ceftin)
cefproxil (cefzil)
cefalclor (ceclor)

tx for sinuisitis, otitis media,

34
Q

3rd generation cephalosporin

A

ceftrixone (rocephin)
Cefixime (suprax)
cefdinir (omnicef)

tx for gonorrhea

35
Q

syphillis first line

A

PCN G

36
Q

strep throat first line

A

PCN V

37
Q

otitis media first line

A

amoxcillin (2nd line augmenten)

38
Q

gonorrhea first line

A

rocephin (ceftriaxone) IM

39
Q

mrsa first line

A

bactrim DS or clindaymycin

40
Q

amoxicillin in women reaction

A

may cause yeast infection. recommend probiotic

41
Q

fluroquinolones black box warning

A

achilles tendon rubpture. avoid strenuous exercise while on the drug.
don’t use if

42
Q

qt prolongation drugs

A

amiodarone, macrolids, tca, antipsychotics, fluoroquinolonoes

FATAM

43
Q

sulfa risk

A 
increases INR (warfarin)
patients with UTI and wafarin don't give septa
pregnant women treat UTI with amoxcillin or cephalosporin

ie
trimethoprim-siulfa (TMP

44
Q

rx for pregnant women with UTI

A

amoxicillin or cephalosporin

45
Q

avoid nsaid in what type of patient

A

heart failure

46
Q

s.s aspirin toxicity

A

ears ringing

47
Q

side effects of glucocorticoids (steroids)

A 
cushings disease (round face, dorsal hump)
osteoporosis (advice exercise, vit D, calcium 1200mg, bisphosphonates)
48
Q

schedule 1

A

illegal to prescribe (MDMA, ecstasy)

49
Q

schedule 2

A

ie norco, demerol, cocaine, oxycontin

original prescription needed with dr.’s signature

50
Q

schedule 3

A

tylenol with codeine, anabolic steroids, testosterone

51
Q

schedule 4

A

benzodiazepine, ambien. can be mailed to the patient

52
Q

schedule 5

A

cough medicine (less than 200mg codeine). can be mailed to the pt

53
Q

category x drugs

A

proscar, propecia- finasteride, accutane, warfarin, cytotic (misoprostol), bcp, hrt, testosterone,

LIVE VIRUS; MMR, varicella, rotavirus, flumist

54
Q

live virus

A

MMR, varicella, rotavirus, flumist

55
Q

accutane protocol

A

2 reliable forms of bcp, negative pregnancy test 1 month before, during, and 1 month after accutane

joy's deck for FNP (24 decks)

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