Skin

Question 1

macule

Answer 1

flat lesion

Question 2

papule

Answer 2

raised lesion

Question 3

vesicle

Answer 3

a blister

Question 4

acantholysis

Answer 4

loss of intercellular cohesion bt keratinocytes

Question 5

acanthosis

Answer 5

diffuse epidermal hyperplasia

Question 6

hyperkeratosis

Answer 6

thickening of stratum corneum often associate with a qualitative abnormality of the karatin

Question 7

papillomatosis

Answer 7

surface elevation cause by hyperplasia and enlargement of contiguous dermal papillae

Question 8

impetigo

Answer 8

infectious
staph aureus, strep pyogenes
children
crusty pustules on face

Question 9

erysipelas

Answer 9

infectious
strep a
any
sharpy circumscribed erythematous plaque on face/scalp

Question 10

necrotizing fasciitis

Answer 10

infectious
many potential organisms
children
redness, pain evolving into gangrene

Question 11

acne

Answer 11

infectious
proprionibacterium acnes
variable
sebaceous glands get plugges and inflamed, resulting in comedones (blackheads) and pustules

Question 12

ringworm

Answer 12

infectious
fungi
children
red, inflamed, scaly round lesions
(tenea pedis - athletes foot; tinea corporis - ringworm)

Question 13

sporotrichosis

Answer 13

infectious
sporotrichum schenckii (gardeners disease)
any
painless papule, then open sore

Question 14

verruca vulgaris

Answer 14

infectious
HPV
any
small, rough growth resembling a cauliflower or blister

Question 15

herpes simplex

Answer 15

infectious
HSV
any
HSVI - cold sores
HSVII - genital
reside in ganglia

Question 16

erythema multiforme

Answer 16

infectious
HSV, drug induced
any
target lesions or vessicles on skin and mucous membranes

Question 17

molluscum contagiosum

Answer 17

infectious
poxvirus (mcv)
any - very contagious
centrally umbilicated (indentation) red papules

Question 18

scabies

Answer 18

infectious
sarcoptes scabei
any, more common in children
itchy rash on hands/wrist/abs/goin

Question 19

urticaria

Answer 19

inflammatory
mast cell degranulation
any
erythematous, edematous, pruritic plaques

Question 20

psoriasis

Answer 20

inflammatory
inherited disease
any
itchy red lesions with silvery scales/ may also have arthritis

Question 21

lichen planus

Answer 21

inflammatory
immune-mediated disease
any
skin - purple polygonal papules
mucus membranes - lacy lesions (wickams straie), erosions, leukoplakia

Question 22

atopic eczema

Answer 22

inflammatory
usually inherited
any
itchy rash

Question 23

pemphigus vulgaris

Answer 23

bullous
antibodies against intercellular junctions
adults
superficial bullae that easily rupture; mouth first, then skin
(acantholysis is a common feature)

Question 24

bullous pemphigoid

Answer 24

bullous
antibodies agaisnt basement membrane of epidermis
elderly
big, subepidermal bullae of groin, axilla, arms, and mouth

Question 25

nevus

Answer 25

what - benign proliferation of melanocytes | manifestation - depends on location

Question 26

junctional nevus

Answer 26

mole at dermal-epidermal junction

Question 27

compound nevus

Answer 27

mole into dermis

Question 28

intradermal nevus

Answer 28

mole in the dermis only

Question 29

hemangioma

Answer 29

what - common benign tumor of blood vessels | manifestation - strawberry

Question 30

keratoacanthoma

Answer 30

what - common benign tumor, possible from hair follicle | manifestation - rapidly growing crater-like nodule

Question 31

seborrheic keratosis

Answer 31

what - common benign epidermal tumor | manifestation - flat, brown, velvety plaque

Question 32

actinic keratosis

Answer 32

what = benign neoplasm of epidermis | manifesation - rough spots with erythematous base on sun exposed skin

Question 33

basal cell carcinoma

Answer 33

what - malignant tumor of basal layer | mani - pearly nodule

Question 34

squamous cell carcinoma

Answer 34

what - malignant tumr of squamous epithelium | mani - red nodule

Question 35

melanoma

Answer 35

``` what - malignent tumor of melanocytes can arise from benign nevus sun exposure increases risks can metastasize prognosis a function of depth invasion ```

Question 36

4 types of melanoma

Answer 36

superficial spreading nodular lentigo maligna acral lentiginous (found on non hair bearing surfaces)

Question 37

melanoma depth vs survival

Answer 37

less than 1mm = 80-95% 5 year survival 1-2mm = 30-60% 5 year survival 2-4mm = 35% 5 year survival

Question 38

kaposi sarcoma

Answer 38

vascular tumor malignant tumor of lymph epithelium that intersect blood vessels mani - red bumps (high incidence - ashk. jews, aids patients)

Question 39

angiosarcoma

Answer 39

vascular tumor malignant tumor of endothelial-type cells in blood vessels mani - bruise-like patterns progressing to lesions

Question 40

puetz-jeghers syndrome

Answer 40

genetic mutation causing GI polyps and mucosal hyperpigmentation mani - various