Skin Flashcards
macule
flat lesion
papule
raised lesion
vesicle
a blister
acantholysis
loss of intercellular cohesion bt keratinocytes
acanthosis
diffuse epidermal hyperplasia
hyperkeratosis
thickening of stratum corneum often associate with a qualitative abnormality of the karatin
papillomatosis
surface elevation cause by hyperplasia and enlargement of contiguous dermal papillae
impetigo
infectious
staph aureus, strep pyogenes
children
crusty pustules on face
erysipelas
infectious
strep a
any
sharpy circumscribed erythematous plaque on face/scalp
necrotizing fasciitis
infectious
many potential organisms
children
redness, pain evolving into gangrene
acne
infectious
proprionibacterium acnes
variable
sebaceous glands get plugges and inflamed, resulting in comedones (blackheads) and pustules
ringworm
infectious fungi children red, inflamed, scaly round lesions (tenea pedis - athletes foot; tinea corporis - ringworm)
sporotrichosis
infectious
sporotrichum schenckii (gardeners disease)
any
painless papule, then open sore
verruca vulgaris
infectious
HPV
any
small, rough growth resembling a cauliflower or blister
herpes simplex
infectious HSV any HSVI - cold sores HSVII - genital reside in ganglia
erythema multiforme
infectious
HSV, drug induced
any
target lesions or vessicles on skin and mucous membranes
molluscum contagiosum
infectious
poxvirus (mcv)
any - very contagious
centrally umbilicated (indentation) red papules
scabies
infectious
sarcoptes scabei
any, more common in children
itchy rash on hands/wrist/abs/goin
urticaria
inflammatory
mast cell degranulation
any
erythematous, edematous, pruritic plaques
psoriasis
inflammatory
inherited disease
any
itchy red lesions with silvery scales/ may also have arthritis
lichen planus
inflammatory immune-mediated disease any skin - purple polygonal papules mucus membranes - lacy lesions (wickams straie), erosions, leukoplakia
atopic eczema
inflammatory
usually inherited
any
itchy rash
pemphigus vulgaris
bullous
antibodies against intercellular junctions
adults
superficial bullae that easily rupture; mouth first, then skin
(acantholysis is a common feature)
bullous pemphigoid
bullous
antibodies agaisnt basement membrane of epidermis
elderly
big, subepidermal bullae of groin, axilla, arms, and mouth
nevus
what - benign proliferation of melanocytes
manifestation - depends on location
junctional nevus
mole at dermal-epidermal junction
compound nevus
mole into dermis
intradermal nevus
mole in the dermis only
hemangioma
what - common benign tumor of blood vessels
manifestation - strawberry
keratoacanthoma
what - common benign tumor, possible from hair follicle
manifestation - rapidly growing crater-like nodule
seborrheic keratosis
what - common benign epidermal tumor
manifestation - flat, brown, velvety plaque
actinic keratosis
what = benign neoplasm of epidermis
manifesation - rough spots with erythematous base on sun exposed skin
basal cell carcinoma
what - malignant tumor of basal layer
mani - pearly nodule
squamous cell carcinoma
what - malignant tumr of squamous epithelium
mani - red nodule
melanoma
what - malignent tumor of melanocytes can arise from benign nevus sun exposure increases risks can metastasize prognosis a function of depth invasion
4 types of melanoma
superficial spreading
nodular
lentigo maligna
acral lentiginous (found on non hair bearing surfaces)
melanoma depth vs survival
less than 1mm = 80-95% 5 year survival
1-2mm = 30-60% 5 year survival
2-4mm = 35% 5 year survival
kaposi sarcoma
vascular tumor
malignant tumor of lymph epithelium that intersect blood vessels
mani - red bumps
(high incidence - ashk. jews, aids patients)
angiosarcoma
vascular tumor
malignant tumor of endothelial-type cells in blood vessels
mani - bruise-like patterns progressing to lesions
puetz-jeghers syndrome
genetic mutation causing GI polyps and mucosal hyperpigmentation
mani - various
