Skill Aqq Flashcards
What are the characteristics of an open skill?
- Affected by the environment
- May require the performer to adapt
- Mostly externally paced
- Perceptual(decision made)
What are the characteristics of a closed skill?
- Unaffected by the environment
- Involve a set movement
- Habitual
- Tend to be self paced
What are the characteristics of a gross skill?
- Involves mostly large muscle groups
* Little concern for precision
What are the characteristics of a fine skill?
- Incricate movement using small muscle groups
* Usually involve accuracy and an emphasis on hand/eye co-ordination
What are the characteristics of a discrete skill?
- Clear beginning and end
- Repeatable but the performer must stop and start again
- Single specific skills
What are serial skills?
Movement skills that have a number of discrete elements put together in a definite order to make a movement or sequence
What are the characteristics of a continuous skill?
- Movement skills with no clear beginning or end
- End of one cycle of the movement is the beginning of the next cycle
- Involves repetition of the same movement to make sense
What are the characteristics of a self paced skill?
- Performer controls the rate at which the skill is executed
- Normally proactive
- Usually closed skills
What are the characteristics of a externally paced skill?
- The environment controls the rate at which the skill is performed
- Normally reactive
- Usually an open skill
What are the characteristics of a simple skill?
- Few decisions to be made
- Usually taught/learned as a whole
- May be repetitive in nature
What are the characteristics of a complex skill?
- Many decisions to be made
- Taught/learned in stages
- A lot of information to process
- Focussing on irrelevant information may cause additional wastage
What are the characteristics of a low organisation skill?
- Made up of sub - routines that can be easily separated and practiced by themselves
- Having been practises separately, the sub routines can be put back together into the whole skill quite easily
What are the characteristics of a high organisation skill?
- Not easily broken down
- Difficult to separate into sub routines without disrupting the skill
- Usually practised as a whole
Name the three learning theories
- Operant conditioning
- Cognitive learning theory
- Observational learning theory
What are Thorndike’s Laws?
law of effect, law of exercise, law of readiness
What is the Law of Effect?
If behaviour is reinforced then the learning bond is strengthened. This can be done through positive reinforcement or the presentation of a satisfier
What is the law of exercise?
The S-R learning bond will be strengthened by practice and repeated reinforcement
What is the Law of Readiness?
If reinforcement is to strengthen the S-R learning bond the performer must be physically and mentally capable of performing the skill
