Skill Aqq

Question 1

What are the characteristics of an open skill?

Answer 1

• Affected by the environment
• May require the performer to adapt
• Mostly externally paced
• Perceptual(decision made)

Question 2

What are the characteristics of a closed skill?

Answer 2

• Unaffected by the environment
• Involve a set movement
• Habitual
• Tend to be self paced

Question 3

What are the characteristics of a gross skill?

Answer 3

• Involves mostly large muscle groups

* Little concern for precision

Question 4

What are the characteristics of a fine skill?

Answer 4

• Incricate movement using small muscle groups

* Usually involve accuracy and an emphasis on hand/eye co-ordination

Question 5

What are the characteristics of a discrete skill?

Answer 5

• Clear beginning and end
• Repeatable but the performer must stop and start again
• Single specific skills

Question 6

What are serial skills?

Answer 6

Movement skills that have a number of discrete elements put together in a definite order to make a movement or sequence

Question 7

What are the characteristics of a continuous skill?

Answer 7

• Movement skills with no clear beginning or end
• End of one cycle of the movement is the beginning of the next cycle
• Involves repetition of the same movement to make sense

Question 8

What are the characteristics of a self paced skill?

Answer 8

• Performer controls the rate at which the skill is executed
• Normally proactive
• Usually closed skills

Question 9

What are the characteristics of a externally paced skill?

Answer 9

• The environment controls the rate at which the skill is performed
• Normally reactive
• Usually an open skill

Question 10

What are the characteristics of a simple skill?

Answer 10

• Few decisions to be made
• Usually taught/learned as a whole
• May be repetitive in nature

Question 11

What are the characteristics of a complex skill?

Answer 11

• Many decisions to be made
• Taught/learned in stages
• A lot of information to process
• Focussing on irrelevant information may cause additional wastage

Question 12

What are the characteristics of a low organisation skill?

Answer 12

• Made up of sub - routines that can be easily separated and practiced by themselves
• Having been practises separately, the sub routines can be put back together into the whole skill quite easily

Question 13

What are the characteristics of a high organisation skill?

Answer 13

• Not easily broken down
• Difficult to separate into sub routines without disrupting the skill
• Usually practised as a whole

Question 14

Name the three learning theories

Answer 14

1. Operant conditioning
2. Cognitive learning theory
3. Observational learning theory

Question 15

What are Thorndike’s Laws?

Answer 15

law of effect, law of exercise, law of readiness

Question 16

What is the Law of Effect?

Answer 16

If behaviour is reinforced then the learning bond is strengthened. This can be done through positive reinforcement or the presentation of a satisfier

Question 17

What is the law of exercise?

Answer 17

The S-R learning bond will be strengthened by practice and repeated reinforcement

Question 18

What is the Law of Readiness?

Answer 18

If reinforcement is to strengthen the S-R learning bond the performer must be physically and mentally capable of performing the skill