Skeleton of the rib cage and pectoral girdle

Question 1

What bones forms the thorax and what is it fxn

Answer 1

Formed by 12 pairs of thoracic vertebrae, 12 pairs of ribs with their costal cartilages and the sternum

Fxn

• protects the thoracic organs
• attachment for muscles of respiration
• produces red marrow

Question 2

What ribs are considered true ribs and why

Answer 2

Ribs 1-7, these ribs connect directly to the sternum

Question 3

What is another name for true ribs

Answer 3

vertebrosternal ribs

Question 4

What rib has the sharpest curvature of all the ribs and articulates with the manubrium at a point below the clavicle

Answer 4

1st rib

Question 5

Where does the 2nd rib attach to the sternum

Answer 5

at the sternal angle (where manubrium and sternal body meet)

Question 6

What ribs are considered false ribs and why

Answer 6

8-12, b/c they doe not articulate w/ the sternum

Question 7

What is the costal arch

Answer 7

an arrangement of cartilage that connects ribs 8-10 to the articular cartilage of rib 7

Question 8

What is another name for ribs 8-10

Answer 8

vertebrochondral ribs

Question 9

What is another name for ribs 11-12and why

Answer 9

floating ribs, they have no attachments to the sternum

Question 10

Where does the head of the rib articulate

Answer 10

the facet or demifacets of the body of the corresponding vertebrae

Question 11

What is the sternal extremity

Answer 11

costochondral articulation of the sternum to of the rib to its cartilage

Question 12

What is the tubercle of the rib

Answer 12

small rounded projection where the rib articulates w/ the transverse process of the vertebrae

Question 13

Describe the costal groove

Answer 13

groove on the body of the rib that starts on the tubercle of the rib and provides some protection for the veins, arteries, and nerves of the ribs

Question 14

Define costal angle

Answer 14

abrupt change in the curvature of the shaft of the rib

Question 15

What are the 3 parts of the sternum

Answer 15

1. Manubrium
2. Body
3. Xiphoid process

Question 16

What is the most superior landmark of the sternum

Answer 16

the jugular notch aka suprasternal notch

Question 17

Where is the sternoclavicular notch

Answer 17

point on the manubrium where the clavicle articulates

Question 18

What is the sternal angle and what articulates there

Answer 18

junction of the manubrium and the body of the sternum where the 2nd rib articulates with the sternum

Question 19

Which is more superior the anterior or the posterior articulation of the rib and why is this important

Answer 19

posterior, this is important because it allows the ribs to swing out and up in respiration

Question 20

Describe the xiphisternal joint

Answer 20

synchondrosis articulation between the xiphoid process and the body of the sternum that fuses as one gets older

Question 21

Explain costochondritis

Answer 21

• inflammation of the the junctions where the upper ribs join the cartilage that holds them to the sternum
• localized in the chest and is reproducible by pushing on the front of the rib cage
• harmless and goes away w/o treatment