Cranial bones Flashcards
What are the 4 layers of the scalp
S skin C connective tissue (subcutaneous) A aponeurosis L loose connective tissue P pericranium
Why is the loose connective tissue a “danger space”
because of its sponge like structure, infection can easily spread
Are the skin, connective tissue and aponeurosis of the scalp separate or connected
intimately connected, move as a unit
How many bones compose the skull
22 bones
- 8 cranial
- 14 facial
Define neurocranium and what bones compose it
series of bones that compose the cranial vault 1-frontal bone 2- parietal bones 2- temporal bones 1-occipital 1- ethmoid 1-sphenoid
Define calvaria
skullcap/dome like roof of the cranium, made up of superior portions of: frontal bone, parietal bones, temporal bones, and occipital
Define basicranium
cranial base, floor of the cranium composed of occipital, temporal, vomer, palatines, and a portion of the maxillae
What is another name for the frontal suture and when does it close
metopic suture
~ age 6 it closes
External auditory meatus location
temporal bone
mastoid process location
temporal bone
styloid process location
temporal bone
Where is the stylomastoid foramen and what cranial nerve passes through it
temporal bone
CN 7 (facial) passes through it
Where is the petrous portion and what cranial nerve passes through it
temporal bone
CN8 (vestibular cochlear)
Where are the carotid and jugular foramen located
temporal bone
Where is foramen magnum located
occipital bone
True or false the sphenoid bone articulates with all other cranial bones
True, that is why it is called the keystone bone
What are the pterygoid processes of the sphenoid bone
attachment sites for jaw muscles
What are the 3 portions of the sphenoid bone
- lesser wings
- greater wings
- body
What is the mnemonic for remembering what foramina the branches of trigeminal nerve pass through the sphenoid bone
Standing = superior orbital fissure, V1 Room= foramen rotundum, V2 Only= foramen ovale, V3
What nerves pass through the superior orbital fissure
All the ones that deal with the orbits or area around the orbits
CN 3 (oculomotor), CN4 (trochlear), CN6 (Abducens)
and V1 of CN5 (Trigeminal)
What is the area of the sphenoid bone that holds the pituitary gland
Sella turcica which contains the hypophyseal fossa
What area of the face does the ethmoid bone support
nasal areas, forms part of the anterior portion of the cranial floor, medial wall of the orbits, the superior portion of the nasal septum and superior walls of the nasal cavity
What does the crista galli of the ethmoid bone do
attaches to the falx cerebi
Where does the CN1 (olfactory) pass through the ethmoid bone
the olfactory foramina
What is the function of the superior and middle nasal conchae (aka turbinates)
- Contain olfactory receptors
- Increase surface area to warm air
- Aids in filtering : causes swirling of air which impacts mucus membranes
What part of the ethmoid bone makes up the upper part of the nasal septum
the perpendicular plate
Where are the ethmoid sinuses
hallow areas of the ethmoid bone
What 4 sutures do we care about and what bones do they connect
- Coronal= frontal and parietal bones
- Sagittal= unites 2 parietal bones
- Squamous= parietal and temporal
- Lambdoidal= parietal and occipital
What are the 2 major functions of the fontanels
- enable infant skull to pass through birth canal
2. permits rapid growth of the brain during infancy
What are the 4 major fontanels
- Anterior =top of the head
- Posterior = between occipital and parietal
- Anterolateral= between the frontal, temporal and parietal
- Posterolateral =between the temporal, parietal and occipital
