Regional Introduction muscles

Question 1

In relation to origin and insertion how does a muscle contract

Answer 1

the insertion (part that moves) is pulled to the origin (part that does not move)

Question 2

Describe the parallel pattern of fascicles

Answer 2

fascicles are parallel to the longitudinal axis of the muscle and terminate at each end in a flat tendon

Question 3

Describe the fusiform pattern of fascicles

Answer 3

fascicles are nearly parallel to the longitudinal axis of the muscle but the muscle has bellies in the middle and tapers toward flat tendons at each end

Question 4

Describe the circular pattern of fascicles

Answer 4

aka a sphincter

-fascicles are in a concentric circular arrangement

Question 5

Describe the triangular pattern of fascicles

Answer 5

aka convergent

-fascicles spread over a broad area and converge to a central thick tendon (looks like triangle)

Question 6

Describe the unipennate pattern of fascicles

Answer 6

short fascicles in relation to total muscle (aka long tendon) length and are arranged on one side of the tendon

Question 7

Describe the bipennate pattern of fascicles

Answer 7

has a centrally positioned tendon that runs nearly the entire length of the muscle, fascicles are arranged on both sides of a centrally positioned tendon

Question 8

Describe the multipennate pattern of fascicles

Answer 8

fascicles attach obliquely from many directions to several tendons, which in turn extend nearly the length of the entire length of the muscle

Question 9

How do rectus muscles orientate relative to the body’s midline

Answer 9

parallel

Question 10

How do transverse muscles orientate relative to the body’s midline

Answer 10

perpendicular

Question 11

How do oblique muscles orientate relative to the body’s midline

Answer 11

diagonal

Question 12

Define magnus in terms of muscle size naming

Answer 12

large

Question 13

Define major in terms of muscle size naming

Answer 13

larger

Question 14

Define maximus in terms of muscle size naming

Answer 14

largest

Question 15

Define vastus in terms of muscle size naming

Answer 15

huge

Question 16

Define medius in terms of muscle size naming

Answer 16

intermediate

Question 17

Define minor in terms of muscle size naming

Answer 17

smaller

Question 18

Define minimus in terms of muscle size naming

Answer 18

smallest

Question 19

Define longus in terms of muscle size naming

Answer 19

long

Question 20

Define brevis in terms of muscle size naming

Answer 20

short

Question 21

Define latissimus in terms of muscle size naming

Answer 21

widest

Question 22

Define longissimus in terms of muscle size naming

Answer 22

longest

Question 23

Define deltoid in terms of muscle shape naming

Answer 23

Triangular

Question 24

Define trapezius in terms of muscle shape naming

Answer 24

Trapezoid

Question 25

Define serratus in terms of muscle shape naming

Answer 25

saw tooth

Question 26

Define rhomboid in terms of muscle shape naming

Answer 26

diamond shape

Question 27

Define orbicularis in terms of muscle shape naming

Answer 27

circular

Question 28

Define pectinate in terms of muscle shape naming

Answer 28

Comblike

Question 29

Define piriformis in terms of muscle shape naming

Answer 29

pear shaped

Question 30

Define platys in terms of muscle shape naming

Answer 30

Flat

Question 31

Define quadratus in terms of muscle shape

Answer 31

Square

Question 32

Define gracilla in terms of muscle shape naming

Answer 32

slender

Question 33

Define prime mover

Answer 33

aka agonist

the muscle that contracts and causes the desired action

Question 34

Define antagonist

Answer 34

muscle that stretches and yields to prime move

Question 35

Define synergist

Answer 35

contracts with prime mover to stabilize nearby joints

Question 36

Define stabilizers

Answer 36

muscles that stabilize the origin of the prime mover