Skeleton Flashcards
Axial skeleton
head and trunk of a vertebrate
Appendicular skeleton
Limbs of a vertebrate
Mandible
Lower jaw
Clavicle
Collar bone
Between shoulder bones and sternum
Hyoid Bone
Found at the anterior midline of the neck
Scapula
Shoulder blade
Sternum
Breastbone
Humerus
Upper arm
Ribs
12 pairs of bones
Protect vital organs
Vertebrosternal/True
top 7
attach directly to sternum via costal cartilage
Vertebrochondral/False
middle 3
Joined to sternum by common cartilage
Floating/Vertebral/False
bottom 2
don’t attach to sternum
Vertebral column
Support weight of head and trunk
protect spinal cord
Cervical
Top 7 vertebrae
Axis and Atlas are top 2
Thoracic
middle 12 Vertebrae
Lumbar
Bottom 5 vertebrae
Sacral bone (sacrum)
Bottom of spine between last lumbar vertebrae and coccyx
Coccygeal bone (Coccyx)
Very bottom of spine
Below sacrum
Ulna
Little finger side
distal head articulates with radius and carpals - styloid process
Radius
Thumb side
Proximal head rotates in radial notch of ulna
Distal head articulates with carpals and ulna
Radial tuberosity
site of biceps brachial insertion
Carpal bones
Wrist
8 carpal bones
Metacarpal bones
Hand
5 bones
Phalanges
5 digits - count thumb to little finger
Proximal, medial and distal
Pelvic girdle
coxal bones and sacrum form ring
Pelvis
Pelvis girdle and coccyx
Hipbones
Ilium
Ischium
Pubis
(right and left)
Acetabulum
Articulates with head of femur
Femur
Upper leg/thigh
Proximal head articulates with acetabulum
Patella
Kneecap sesamoid - bone embedded in tendon Apex Base Articular surface
Tibia
Lower leg/Leg
Anterior crest - shin
Tibial tuberosity - attachment of quadricep femoris (muscle)
Medial malleolus
Makes up medial side of ankle
Fibula
Thinner than tibia
Articulates with tibia - doesn’t meet femur
Lateral malleolus
Makes up lateral side of ankle
Tarsal bones
foot
7 bones
Metatarsals
foot
5
Phalanges
14
Count from big toe outwards
