Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Human Anatomy > Nervous System > Flashcards

Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Functions

A 
Sensory input
Integration 
Homeostasis 
Mental activity 
Control of muscles and glands
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Sensory input - function

A

Sensory receptors monster numerous external and internal stimuli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Integration - function

A

Brain and spinal cord are major organs for processing sensory input and initiating responses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Homeostasis - function

A

Nervous system regulates, coordinates and activates in order to maintain homeostasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Mental activity - function

A

Brian is the centre of mental activities, including consciousness, thinking ect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Control of muscles and glands - functions

A

Nervous system controls the major movements of the body through the control of skeletal muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Peripheral nervous system

A

Cranial nerves
Spinal nerves
Ganglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Ganglia

A

Neuron cell body collections outside CNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The brain is protected by

A

skull, the meninges and cerebrospinal fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

4 divisions of the brain

A

Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Diencephalon
Brainstem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Spinal cord functions

A

Acts as a conduit for impulse conduction to and from the brain
Integrates incoming information and produces response through reflex mechanisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Spinal cord reflexes

A

No input from the brain
Stretch reflex
Golgi tendon reflex
Withdrawal reflex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Peripheral nervous system subcategories

A

Sensory (afferent) division

Motor (efferent) division

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Sensory (afferent) division

A

Transmit electrical signals (action potentials) from sensory receptors to CNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Motor (efferent) division

A

Transmit action potentials from CNS to effector organs
Divided into the somatic NS and autonomic NS
Somatic system - transmit action potentials from CNS to skeletal muscle
ANS - transmits action potentials from the CNS to smooth and cardiac muscle and certain glands
ANS - subdivided into sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Autonomic nervous system

A

Parasympathetic

Sympathetic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Parasympathetic

A

Conservation of energy (rest and digest, feed and breed)
Selective regulation of visceral effectors
Visceral effects (slow HR)

18
Q

Sympathetic

A

Mobilisation of energy
Total activation of visceral effects
Visceral effects

19
Q

Cells of nervous system

A

Neurons

Supporting cells

20
Q

Neurons (nerve cells)

A

Basic structural and functional unit of the nervous system
Capable of generating and conducting an action potential
Communicate with other cells by means of a chemical or electrical synapse

21
Q

Supporting cells

A

Support, insulate and maintain neurons
Neuroglia in CNS
Schwann cells and satellite cells in PNS

22
Q

Neuron structure

A

Cell body
Axon
Dendrites

23
Q

Cell body

A

Houses the control centre

Contains a single relatively large nucleus

24
Q

Axon

A

A single axon conducts action potentials away from the neutron cell body
End of axon terminals which communicate with other cells by means of a chemical or electrical synapse
A nerve is a bundle of axons

25
Q

Dendrites

A

Conduct action potentials towards the neutron cell body

26
Q

Types of neurons

A

Multipolar
Bipolar
Unipolar

27
Q

Multipolar neurones

A

Many dendrites and single axon

Most of neurons within CNS and motor neurons

28
Q

Bipolar Neurons

A

One dendrite and 1 axon from cell body
Specialised cells
Located in some sensory organs

29
Q

Unipolar neurones

A

One process emerges from cell body
Most sensory neurons
Single process extending from body

30
Q

Sensory receptors

A 
Chemoreceptors 
Photoreceptors 
Thermoreceptors 
Mechanoreceptors 
Nocireceptors
31
Q

Chemoreceptors

A

Generate action potential in repose to specific chemical stimuli

32
Q

Photoreceptors

A

Generate action potentials in response to visible light

33
Q

Thermoreceptors

A

Generate action potentials in response to temperature

34
Q

Mechanoreceptors

A

Generate action potentials in response to physical force

35
Q

Nocireceptors

A

Generate action potentials in response to tissue/cell damage

36
Q

Reflex arc components

A 
Sensory receptor 
Afferent/sensory neuron
Association/inter neuron
Efferent/motor neuron
Effector organ
37
Q

Spinal cord reflexes

A

Stretch
Golgi tendon reflex
Withdrawal reflex

38
Q

Stretch reflex

A

Simplest
Maintains posture
Knee-jerk reflex

39
Q

Golgi tendon reflex

A

Prevents excessive pressure to tendons
Reflex not always adequate for athletes
Weight lifters suddenly dropping heavy weight

40
Q

Withdrawal reflex

A

Remove limb from pain

Human Anatomy (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions