SKELETAL SYSTEM: Vocab Flashcards
appendicular skeleton
- comprised of the upper and lower extremities, which include the shoulder girdle + pelvis
aponeurosis
a thin sheath of connective tissue that helps connect muscles to bone
axial skeleton
the bones in your skull, ossicles (small bones) of your middle ear, hyoid bones of your neck, vertebra (bones of your spine) and thoracic cage (ribcage).
articulation
where two or more bones meet, usually associated with movement
canaliculi
a small channel in bone
collagen
the most abundant, fibrous protein of the fibrils of connective tissue and of bones
compact bone
dense bone in which the bony matrix is solidly filled with organic ground substance and inorganic salts
diaphysis
the portion of a long bone between the ends, which doesn’t articulate with any bones
distal epiphysis
rounded part of the bone found at the end of the diaphysis that is furthest away from the center of the body
endochondral bone
any bone that develops in and replaces cartilage
endosteum
a membrane lining the inner surface of a bone marrow cavity
epiphyseal plate (plate growth)
the site where the bone grows in length
foramen
a passageway through which a nerve or blood vessel runs
Haversian canal (central canal)
a series of tubes around narrow channels formed by lamellae
hematopoiesis
the formation of new blood cells
intramenbranous
forms directly as sheets and does not replace other tissues
joints
the place where two or more bones are connected
joints
the place where two or more bones are connected
lacunae
the space occupied by cells of bony tissue
lamellae
layers of bone that go all the way around the bone
medullary cavity
the central cavity of a bone shaft where yellow tone marrow is stored
osteoclast
a specialized cell that absorbs and removes bone
osteoblast
a cell that develops bone
osteocyte
mature bone cells
osteon
cylinders of bone containing vascular tunnels
periosteum
a fibrous sheath that covers bones
process
a projection from a structure off a bone
proximal epiphysis
the portion of a long bone at the ends, which usually articulates with another bone
red marrow
the region of a long bone where red/white blood cells or platelets are created
sinuses
a cavity, space, or cannel in the body
spongy bone
the bony tissue that fills the interior or cavity of bones usually at the ends of long bones, where blood cells are formed
volkmann’s canal (perforating canal)
the minute channels found in the bone that run perpendicular to an osteon
yellow marrow
is made mostly of fat
