SKELETAL SYSTEM: Vocab

Question 1

appendicular skeleton

Answer 1

• comprised of the upper and lower extremities, which include the shoulder girdle + pelvis

Question 2

aponeurosis

Answer 2

a thin sheath of connective tissue that helps connect muscles to bone

Question 3

axial skeleton

Answer 3

the bones in your skull, ossicles (small bones) of your middle ear, hyoid bones of your neck, vertebra (bones of your spine) and thoracic cage (ribcage).

Question 4

articulation

Answer 4

where two or more bones meet, usually associated with movement

Question 5

canaliculi

Answer 5

a small channel in bone

Question 6

collagen

Answer 6

the most abundant, fibrous protein of the fibrils of connective tissue and of bones

Question 7

compact bone

Answer 7

dense bone in which the bony matrix is solidly filled with organic ground substance and inorganic salts

Question 8

diaphysis

Answer 8

the portion of a long bone between the ends, which doesn’t articulate with any bones

Question 9

distal epiphysis

Answer 9

rounded part of the bone found at the end of the diaphysis that is furthest away from the center of the body

Question 10

endochondral bone

Answer 10

any bone that develops in and replaces cartilage

Question 11

endosteum

Answer 11

a membrane lining the inner surface of a bone marrow cavity

Question 12

epiphyseal plate (plate growth)

Answer 12

the site where the bone grows in length

Question 13

foramen

Answer 13

a passageway through which a nerve or blood vessel runs

Question 14

Haversian canal (central canal)

Answer 14

a series of tubes around narrow channels formed by lamellae

Question 15

hematopoiesis

Answer 15

the formation of new blood cells

Question 16

intramenbranous

Answer 16

forms directly as sheets and does not replace other tissues

Question 17

joints

Answer 17

the place where two or more bones are connected

Question 18

joints

Answer 18

the place where two or more bones are connected

Question 19

lacunae

Answer 19

the space occupied by cells of bony tissue

Question 20

lamellae

Answer 20

layers of bone that go all the way around the bone

Question 21

medullary cavity

Answer 21

the central cavity of a bone shaft where yellow tone marrow is stored

Question 22

osteoclast

Answer 22

a specialized cell that absorbs and removes bone

Question 23

osteoblast

Answer 23

a cell that develops bone

Question 24

osteocyte

Answer 24

mature bone cells

Question 25

osteon

Answer 25

cylinders of bone containing vascular tunnels

Question 26

periosteum

Answer 26

a fibrous sheath that covers bones

Question 27

process

Answer 27

a projection from a structure off a bone

Question 28

proximal epiphysis

Answer 28

the portion of a long bone at the ends, which usually articulates with another bone

Question 29

red marrow

Answer 29

the region of a long bone where red/white blood cells or platelets are created

Question 30

sinuses

Answer 30

a cavity, space, or cannel in the body

Question 31

spongy bone

Answer 31

the bony tissue that fills the interior or cavity of bones usually at the ends of long bones, where blood cells are formed

Question 32

volkmann’s canal (perforating canal)

Answer 32

the minute channels found in the bone that run perpendicular to an osteon

Question 33

yellow marrow

Answer 33

is made mostly of fat