Skeletal system: Osseous tissue

Question 1

Major Function of Skeletal system

Answer 1

1)Support 2) Storage of Minerals 3) Blood cell Production 4) Protection 5) Leverage

Question 2

Osseous tissue

Answer 2

A strong connective tissue containing specialized cells and a mineralized matrix of crystalline calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate.

Question 3

Periosteum

Answer 3

Layer that surrounds a bone, consisting of an outer fibrous and inner cellular region.

Question 4

Endosteum

Answer 4

An incomplete cellular lining found on inner(medullary ) surface of bones

Question 5

Classification of bone

Answer 5

Long bone, Flat bone, Pneumatized, Irregular , short , sesamoid bones.

Question 6

Long bone

Answer 6

Long and slender. They have a diaohysis, two metaphyses and two epiphyses, and a medullary (marrow ) cavity. ex- Humerus, Radius. Ulna, Femur, tibia, and fibula.

Question 7

Flat bones

Answer 7

Thin, roughly parallel surface of compact bone. In structure a flat bone resembles a sponge bone sandwhich. are strong bu light. Found mostly in the skull, strernum, ribs abd scapulae. Provide protection and surface area for attachment.

Question 8

Pneumatized Bones

Answer 8

Bones that are hollow or contain numerous air pockets, ex- ethmoid bones

Question 9

Irregular bones

Answer 9

Complex shapes w/ short, flat, notched, or ridged surfaces. ex- Vertebrae and some skull bones.

Question 10

Short bones

Answer 10

Boxlike in appearance. External surface are covered by compact bone, Interior contains spongy bone. ex Carpal and tarsal bones.

Question 11

Sesamoid bones

Answer 11

usually small, round flat. Develop inside tendons and are most often encountered near joints at knee, hands and feet. ex- patellae.

Question 12

Process

Answer 12

Any projection or bumb

Question 13

Ramus

Answer 13

An extension of a bone making an angle to the rest of the structure

Question 14

trochanter

Answer 14

A large , rough projection

Question 15

Truberosity

Answer 15

A rough projection

Question 16

tubercle

Answer 16

small, rounded projection

Question 17

Crest

Answer 17

Prominent ridge

Question 18

Line

Answer 18

low ridge

Question 19

Spine

Answer 19

pointed process

Question 20

Head

Answer 20

Expanded articular end of an epiphysis, often separated from the shaft by narrow neck

Question 21

Neck

Answer 21

Narrow connection between the epiphysis and diaohysis

Question 22

Condyle

Answer 22

Smooth, rounded articular process

Question 23

Trochlea

Answer 23

Smooth, grooved articular process shaped like a pully

Question 24

Facet

Answer 24

small, flat articular surface

Question 25

Fossa

Answer 25

shallow depression

Question 26

Sulcus

Answer 26

narrow groove

Question 27

Foramen

Answer 27

rounded passageway for blood vessels and/or nerves

Question 28

Fissure

Answer 28

Elongated cleft

Question 29

Meatus or canal

Answer 29

Passageway through the substance of a bone

Question 30

sinus or Antrum

Answer 30

Chamber w/in a bone, normally filled w/ air

Question 31

Osteocytes

Answer 31

an osteoblast that has become embedded within the bone matrix, occupying a bone lacuna and sending, through the canaliculi, slender cytoplasmic processes that make contact with processes of other osteocytes.turnover mineral content and bone matrix, lays in lacunae,

Question 32

Osteoblast

Answer 32

a bone-forming cell that is derived from the embryonic mesenchyme and, during the early development of the skeleton, differentiates from a fibroblast to function in the formation of bone tissue. Osteoblasts synthesize the collagen and glycoproteins to form the osteoid matrix and, with growth, develop into osteocytes

Question 33

Central Canal

Answer 33

are a series of tubes around narrow channels formed by lamellae, The Haversian canals surround blood vessels and nerve cells throughout the bone and communicate with osteocytes in lacunae ‘ Harversian Canal

Question 34

Perforating Canal

Answer 34

Any of the various canals in bone that transmit blood vessels from the periosteum into the bone that runs horizontal “ Volmann’s Canal “

Question 35

Axial skeleton

Answer 35

Consists of bone of the skull, thoraz, and vertebral column

Question 36

Skull

Answer 36

Cranium, Face, hyoid, auditory ossicles.

Question 37

Cranium bones

Answer 37

The bones that encase and protects the brain. Occipital, parietal x2, Frontal, Temporal x2 , Sphenoid , Ethmoid.

Question 38

Facial Bones

Answer 38

Bones of the face that protects and supports.Maxillae x2, Palatine x2, Nasal x2, Iferior Nasal Conchae x2 , Zygomatic x2, Lacrimal x2 , Vomer , Mandible bone.

Question 39

Sutures

Answer 39

A dense fibrous connective tissue that joins immovable joints of bones

Question 40

Suters of the Skull

Answer 40

Lambdoid, Sagittal, Coronal, Squamous, Frontonasal sutures.

Question 41

Lambdoid Suture

Answer 41

Arches across the posterior surface of the skull, separating the occipital from the parietal bones

Question 42

Sagittal Suture

Answer 42

Begins at the superior midline of the lambdoid suture and extends anteriorly between the parietal to the coronal sutures.

Question 43

Coronal Suture

Answer 43

crosses the superior surface of the skull, separating the anterior frontal bone from the more posterior parietal bones

Question 44

Cranial Vault

Answer 44

The occipital , parietal, and frontal bones

Question 45

Squamous Suture

Answer 45

between the temporal and parietal bone of the sides

Question 46

Frontonasal Sutures

Answer 46

Between the superior aspects of the two nasal and frontal bone.

Question 47

Vertebral Column

Answer 47

Sonsists of 26 bones: Vertebrae x26, Sacrum, coccyx.

Question 48

Vertebral region

Answer 48

Cervical x7, Thoracic x12, Lumbar x 5,, Sacral, coccygeal regions

Question 49

Spinal Curves

Answer 49

Cervical , Thoracic , Lumbar , and sacral curve.``