Skeletal System Lesson 4 Classification of Joints Flashcards
What is a joint?
A joint is a place where two or more bones meet.
A joint is held together by ligaments which give the joints their stability.
Cartilage is found at the end of the bones and where the joints meet.
Tendons attach muscles to bone.
There are 3 types of joint, classified according to the degree of movement they allow:
Fibrous (fixed)
Cartilaginous (slightly moveable)
Synovial (freely moveable)
What is a fixed joint?
A fixed joint is a joint that does not move at all.
These joints are held together by bands of tough, fibrous tissue .
An example is the bones in your cranium (head)
What is a slightly moveable joint?
This joint only allows slight movement.
The end of the bone is covered in smooth articular.
They are the bones of the vertebrae.
What is a synovial joint?
Synovial joints are allowed to freely move.
They allow the greatest range of movement
They allow us to move and to perform skills and techniques during physical activity.
Most of the joints in your limbs are synovial joints.
How many types of synovial joints are there?
6
What are the 6 types of synovial joint?
Ball and socket Hinge Pivot Saddle Glider Condyloid
What is a ball and socket joint?
It is made up of a round end of one bone (the ball) which fits into a small cup like area of another bone (the socket).
It allows movement in almost every direction.
These joints have the largest range of movement.
It is found in the hip and the shoulder.
What is a hinge joint?
It only allows forward and backward movement.
It is found in the knee, elbow and ankle.
What is a pivot joint?
One bone is shaped like a cylinder and rotates inside another bone which makes a ring around it.
It allows rotational movement (moving your head from side to side).
It is found in the neck.
What is a condyloid joint?
The ball is resting inside the socket and it rests against the end of the bone.
It allows circular movement but ligaments prevent rotation.
It is found in the rest and ankle.
What is a gliding joint?
The joint allows movement over a flat surface.
They allow movement in all directions but this is restricted by ligaments.
Found in the bones of the wrists and ankles.
What is a saddle joint?
The surfaces are concave and convex. Concave is where the bones curves inwards and convex is where the bone curves outwards.
The joint is shaped like a saddle.
The movement occurs forwards and backswards and from side to side and it is found in the thumb.
