Muscular System Lesson 1 Characteristics and functions of different types of muscles Flashcards
What are the three types of muscles and their use in sport?
Cardiac muscle
Skeletal muscle
Smooth muscle
What is a cardiac muscle?
It is where the heart keeps the blood circulating, picking up oxygen from the lungs and dropping off carbon dioxide.
When we exercise, we have a greater demand for oxygen and so need to circulate more blood.
The cardiac muscle achieves this by contracting at a quicker rate.
Where is the cardiac muscle located?
The heart
What is the function of the cardiac muscle?
It is to circulate the blood through and out of the heart.
What are the characteristics of the cardiac muscle?
Unconsciously controlled by the nervous system.
Myogenic has a set rhythm of contraction
Does not fatigue
What is a skeletal muscle?
Without the skeletal muscle we would be unable to move our skeleton and therefore unable to participate in sport.
The skeletal muscle is responsible for large body movements such as running, but also precision movements such as a short putt in golf or releasing an arrow in archery.
What is the location of the skeletal muscle
It is located attached to bones of the skeletal system.
What is the function of the skeletal system?
It is the movement plus support of the posture.
What are the characteristics of the skeletal muscle?
Consciously controlled
Contract by impulses from the brain.
Muscle fibres work together in motor units get fatigue.
What is the smooth muscle?
During exercise, the smooth muscle in the blood vessels can restrict or increase blood flow through the blood vessel so that more blood carrying oxygen can go to the skeletal system. Therefore, performers get the oxygen their muscles need whilst exercising.
Where is the smooth muscle located?
It is found in the walls of hollow organs such as digestive and the circulatory system.
What is the function of the smooth muscle?
It controls the body functions movement of food, urine and blood.
What are the characteristics of the smooth muscle?
Unconsciously controlled by the nervous system and has the slow speed of contraction.
