skeletal system chapter 7

Question 1

Functions of the Skeletal System

Answer 1

Supports and gives shape to the body
Protects internal organs
Helps make movements possible
Stores calcium

Question 2

Four major bone types

Answer 2

long bones,short bones, flat bones, irregular bones,and round

Question 3

Diaphysis or shaft

Answer 3

a hollow tube made of hard, compact bone, hence a rigid and strong structure light enough in weight to permit easy movement

Question 4

Medullary Cavity

Answer 4

hollow area inside the diaphysis of a bone; contains soft yellow bone marrow, an inactive, fatty form of marrow found in the adult skeleton

Question 5

Epiphyses

Answer 5

red bone marrow fills in small spaces in the spongy bone composing the epiphyses; some yellow marrow may appear as a person ages

Question 6

Articular cartilage

Answer 6

a thin layer of cartilage covering each epiphysis

Question 7

Periosteum

Answer 7

a strong membrane of dense fibrous tissue covering a long bone everywhere except at joint surfaces, where it is covered by articular cartilage

Question 8

Endosteum

Answer 8

a thin membrane that lines the medullary cavity

Question 9

The bones of the skeletal system contain two major types of connective tissue:which are?

Answer 9

bone and cartilage.

Question 10

Cancellous bone (spongy bone)

Answer 10

Spongy bone contains many spaces. The cavities are filled with red or yellow marrow.

Question 11

Compact bone

Answer 11

the extracellular matrix is organized into numerous structural units called osteons or haversian systems.

Question 12

Bone cells are called ______ and are found inside spaces called ______.

Answer 12

osteocytes, lacunae.

Question 13

Chondrocytes are located in

Answer 13

lacunae.

Question 14

Cartilage models are gradually replaced by calcified bone matrixProcess called

Answer 14

endochondral ossification

Question 15

Axial skeleton includes how many bones

Answer 15

80

Question 16

Hyoid bone

Answer 16

is located in the neck, where it serves as an anchor for tongue muscles and helps support the larynx (voice box).

Question 17

Of the 206 bones that form the skeleton as a whole, 126 are found in the

Answer 17

appendicular subdivision.

Question 18

The humerus

Answer 18

is the long bone of the arm and the second longest bone in the body.

Question 19

The bones of the forearm are the

Answer 19

radius and the ulna.

Question 20

The hip girdle, or pelvic girdle, connects the legs to the

Answer 20

trunk

Question 21

The knee cap is known as the

Answer 21

patella.

Question 22

The tibia is the

Answer 22

shinbone

Question 23

Each foot contains

Answer 23

five metatarsal bones

Question 24

Joints are also called

Answer 24

articulations

Question 25

Synarthroses (no movement):

Answer 25

Fibrous connective tissue grows between articulating bones

Question 26

Amphiarthroses (slight movement):

Answer 26

Cartilage connects articulating bones

Question 27

Diarthroses (free movement):

Answer 27

Most joints belong to this class

Question 28

Articular cartilage:

Answer 28

Covers joint ends of bones and absorbs joints

Question 29

Synovial membrane:

Answer 29

Lines joint capsule and secretes lubricating fluid

Question 30

Bursa:

Answer 30

Fluid-filled pouch that absorbs shock; inflammation of bursa is called bursitis