Skeletal System (Bone Structure Overview)

Question 1

what is the function of the skeletal system?

Answer 1

movement, support, mineral storage, blood cell formation, & protection of organs

Question 2

large rounded projection

Answer 2

tuberosity

Question 3

narrow ridge of bone

Answer 3

crest

Question 4

very large irregular shaped process (only on femur)

Answer 4

trochanter

Question 5

narrow ridge of bone (less than a crest)

Answer 5

tubercle

Question 6

raised area on or above a condyle

Answer 6

epicondyle

Question 7

sharp, slender, sometimes pointed projection

Answer 7

spine

Question 8

any bony prominence

Answer 8

process

Question 9

bony expansion carried on a narrow neck

Answer 9

head

Question 10

smooth, nearly flat articular surface

Answer 10

facet

Question 11

rounded articular projection

Answer 11

condyle

Question 12

arm like bar of bone

Answer 12

ramus

Question 13

furrow (indent)

Answer 13

groove

Question 14

narrow, slit like opening

Answer 14

fissure

Question 15

round or oval opening through a bone

Answer 15

foramen

Question 16

indentation at the edge of a structure

Answer 16

notch

Question 17

canal like passageway

Answer 17

meatus

Question 18

cavity within a bone filled with air and lined with mucus

Answer 18

sinus

Question 19

shallow basin like depression in a bone, often an articular surface

Answer 19

fossa

Question 20

name a bone and where it can be found

Answer 20

long bone- appendages

Question 21

name a different bone and where it can be found

Answer 21

short bone- wrist (carpals)

Question 22

name a different bone and where it can be

Answer 22

flat bone- sternum

Question 23

name a different bone and where it can be

Answer 23

irregular- vertebrae

Question 24

diaphysis and what does it hold

Answer 24

shaft of a bone, holds yellow marrow

Question 25

epiphyses and what does it hold

Answer 25

both ends of long bone, holds red marrow

Question 26

metaphysis

Answer 26

connects diaphysis to the epiphyses

Question 27

periosteum

Answer 27

protective covering over bone and stuff

Question 28

endosteum

Answer 28

protective covering inside bone

Question 29

sesame seed shaped bones

Answer 29

sesamoid bone

Question 30

what can a sesamoid bone do in terms of a muscle

Answer 30

alter the direction of a muscle pull across the joint

Question 31

mature bone cell, maintains the bone matrix

Answer 31

osteocytes

Question 32

immature bone cell, secretes organic compounds of matrix

Answer 32

osteoblasts

Question 33

cell that secretes to dissolve bone matrix

Answer 33

osteoclasts

Question 34

unossified bone matrix made by osteoblasts

Answer 34

osteoid

Question 35

unit of a compact bone

Answer 35

osteon

Question 36

what does collagen fiber orientation help you do?

Answer 36

allows room for torso, ex hand twist in up down side to side

Question 37

where is the red marrow found in spongy bone?

Answer 37

between trabeculae in epiphyses

Question 38

where is the yellow marrow found in spongy bone?

Answer 38

between trabeculae in diaphysis

Question 39

the process of bone formation

Answer 39

ossification

Question 40

epiphyseal plate function/characteristic

Answer 40

epipyseal cartilage lets bone grow and growth stops when the plate closes (aka no more cartilage because its turned into bone)

Question 41

what is the difference between endochondral ossification and intramembranous ossification?

Answer 41

intramembranous ossification does not have any cartilage at all, only CT membranes
endochondral starts with cartilage and most turns to bone

Question 42

fontanels

Answer 42

“soft spots” made of fibrous CT membranes